COMPUTER

EXTENSION
Notepad TXT (Text)
MS.Paint B.M.P (Bit map picture)
M.S. Word DOS (Disk operating system)
M.S. Excel XLS (Excel)
M.S. PowerPoint PPT (Disk operating computer)
WordPad DOC (Document)

Q.1 what is computer?

Ans. The computer is an electronic machine which can be process data give information Known as computer.
For Example:
Sugar
Milk Gas Tea
Tea
(Pot)

Process Information

Data

Q.2 How many types of computer?

A.2 The computer can be divided into four types-
1) Analog computer
2) Digital computer
3) Hybrid computer
4) Personal computer (P.C.)
1) Analog Computer – Analog Computer handle and process information of physical nature.
EX- Temperature, pressure, etc
2) Digital computer – Digital computer process information which is essentially in a bin or two states from namely 0 and 1.
3) Hybrid computer- Hybrid computer are used most type of the analog and digital computer signal analog to the digital in hybrid
computer
4) Personal computer – Used for personal computer work.
Q.3 what is hardware?
A.3 the physical part of computer system which can be touched and seen Known as hardware. It is also known as periphery-
There are two types-
a) Input device – Keyboard, Mouse, Scanner, Camera b) Output device—Speaker, Printer, Monitor etc.
In mouse there are three keys –
1) Left Key
2) Right Key
3) Scroll
In Keyboard there are 104 and 108 Keys
Also, we Call Monitor V.D.U

Full Form of V.D.U

V- Visual
D- Display
U- Unit
Parts of C.P.U-------

1) C.D writer
2) RAM
3) Hard Disk
4) Processor
5) Motherboard
6) Power supply
Full Form of C.P.U----
C-Central
P-Processing
U-Unit
Full Form of RAM----
R-Random
A-Access
M-Memory
Full Form of ROM----
R- Read
O-Only
M-Memory
Full Form of COMPUTER-----
C-Common
O-Operating
M-Machine
P-Particular
U-Used for
T-Technology
E-Educational
R-Research
Full Form of BASIC----
B-Beginners
A-All purpose
S-Symbiotic
I-Instruction
C- Code
Q.4 How many Types of software?
A.4 There is two types of software-
1) System Software 2) Application Software
 1) System Software- System Software or system package are set of one and more program that all basically design to control
the operation of a computer system.
2) Application Software-Application software package cutter to the need of a specific namely software scientist for inventory
control for school administration for literacy management etc.
Q.5 How many types at memory?
A.5 There is two types of memory-
a) Primary memory b) Secondary memory
a) Primary memory- Primary memory is a Small but relatively for storage unit that store data, and instruction which memory is
also Known as primary memory.
b) Secondary memory- Secondary memory storage device are permanent storage unit use for store unit program and data.

Full Form of ALU----

A-Arithmetic
L-Logic
U-Unit
Arithmetic logic unit ---- Fundamental Building Block of CPU, Where the actual execution of instruction takes place. It loads data
from input register and performs the operations as directed y control unit, and then stores the result in output register.

Control Unit--- How does the input device known that it time for feed data into storage Unit.
Central Processing Unit (C.P.U)—Central Processing Unit is the Brain of computer the other parts are to transfer data and
communicate with the C.P.U Constitute the main memory C.U and A.L.U.
Memory---- The memory is an essential component of a computer system it is a system to store data.
Q.6 what is Software?
A.6 The physical part of computer which cannot be touched it is only feel, Known as software. There are two types of software
1) Application Software 2) System Software
Q.7 how many types of components are there in computer system?
A.7 1) Hardware 5) Mouse
2) Software 6) Monitor
3) User 7) C.P.U
4) Keyboard 8) U.P.S
Q.8 how many types of language are there in computer system?
A.8 There is three types of language-
a) Assembly Language
b) Machine Language
C) High Level Language
[COMPUTER INVENTED BY CHARLES BABBAGE IN 1946.]
Main Parts of Computer----
C.P.U- Central Processing Unit.
U.P.S-Unintruupped Power Supply.
C.D-Compact Disk.
C.D.D- Compact Disk Drive.
C.D.R.W-Compact Disk read writer.
D.V.D- Digital Video Disk.
D.V.D.D-Digital Video disk Drive.
F.D.D- Floppy Disk Drive.
H.D.D- Hard Disk Drive.
Q.9 How many types of control button?
A.9 There is three types of Control Button.
a) Minimize b) Maximize c) Close
Q.10 How many types of Scroll Bar?
A.10 There is two types of Scroll bar-
a) Horizontal line b) Vertical line
Q.11 the Binary number system has a base?
A.11 Two base 0 and 1.
Q.12 How many types of alignment?
A.12 a) Left b) Right c) Center d) Justify
Q.13 Add, Subtraction, Divide, Multiply, And Logic, Operation Are performed by?
A.13 A.L.U

*FULL FORMS WITH MEANING*

I.C. - Integrated Circuit
S.I.M- Signal Inline Memory
A.S.C.I.I-American Standard Code for Information Interchange.
O.S- Operating System.
O.M.R-Optical Mark Reader.
M.I.C.R- Magnetic Ink Character Reader.
L.C.D- Liquid Crystal Display.
J.P.E- Joint Photography expert.
I.C.F- Internet Connection Fire.
W.A.N- Wide Area Network.
L.A.N- Local Area Network.
W.W.W- World Wide Web.
N.R.L.M- National river lively hood Mission.
A.T.M- Automatic teller machine.
M.P.3-Moving picture expert group layer.
R.M- Real media.
M.I.D.I- Musical instrument digital interface.
P.S- Post Script.
C.C.C- Course on Computer.
B.C.R-Bar code reader.
M.U- Memory unit.
L.U- Logic unit.
D.C.A- Diploma of computer application.
B.R.D- Blue ray disk.
C.B.T- Computer Based Training.
D.V.D- Digital video disk.
C.D - Compact Disk.
E.MAIL- Electronic mail.
V.D.U- Visual display unit.
B.I.O.S- Based Input and Output System.
C.O.M- Computer output Microphone.
C.R.T- Cathode ray tube.
T.C.P- Transfer Control protocol.
D.P.P- Desktop publishing package.

*WORKING WITH WINDOWS*

1. Click the computer icon.
2. Draw the icon to the new position.
3. Where you want the icon to be on the desktop. Similarly change the position of recycle bin and inbox icon.
 4. Right click my computer where in the desktop except the icons.
5. Select the arrange icon.
6. Select click auto arrange.
7. Double arrange click on the black.
8. Click on ‘OK’ button (Date – Time Setting)
9. Change the time or date as per as the requirement.
10. Click on the up Button Date or Time Setting Right click the taskbar.
11. Select properties option font the mouse point.
12. Click always on task. Click Box if you want the taskbar always on take all the application new order.
*GENERATION OF COMPUTER*
Charles Babbage a nineteenth century professor of Cambridge University is considered the father of modern digital computer. He
came out analytical engine the first modern electronic computer.
ENTAC [Electronic numerical integrated and Calculator] came in to 1946
It was developed by “John Machala and Eckhart”
1. First generation of computer (1945-1956)
2. Second generation of computer (1956-1963)
3. Third generation of computer (1963-1971)
4. Fourth generation of computer (1971-1989)
5. Fifth generation of computer (1989- present time)
*Structure of software*
Application Software- Readymade software, User name software
System of Software- Operating software, Translate>Assembles> Computer ink printer, Programming language>Machine
language>Assembly Language>High-level Language
*Structure of Memory unit*
Primary Memory (Main memory)>ROM>A.ROM>E.ROM>RAM
Secondary memory (Permanent memory)>OD>CD>DVD>MD>HDP>FDD
*Shortcut Keys*
Ctrl +A- Select all Ctrl + X-Cut
Ctrl +B- Bold Ctrl + Y-Redo
Ctrl +C- Copy Ctrl + Z-Undo
Ctrl +D -Duplicate
Ctrl +E- Center alignment
Ctrl +F- Find
Ctrl +G-Go to
Ctrl +H- Replace
Ctrl +I- Italic
Ctrl +J-Justify
Ctrl +K-Hyperlink
Ctrl +L-Left alignment
Ctrl +M-Left indent
Ctrl +N- New
Ctrl +O-Open
Ctrl +P-Print
Ctrl +Q-Quit
Ctrl +R-Right alignment
Ctrl +S-Save
Ctrl +T-Create lagging
Ctrl +U-Underline
Ctrl +V-Paste
Ctrl +W-Close
 *Introduction to WordPad*
WordPad is also text editor package. It is superior to the notepad in WordPad. We can type in data without graphics and also with
graphics in WordPad. We can insert any kind of picture applied a font page, font type, font size. To the selected text we can
change the background colour of one by one character. Extension of WordPad is D.O.C (Disk operating Computer).
*Types of keys on keyboard*
Alphanumeric Keys- It includes all the numbers and letters on the keyboard.
EX. A-Z and 0-9
Function Keys – Key from F1 to F2
Punctuation Key – These includes comma (,) Semicolon (;) and Brackets {[()]}
Special keys – these includes control keys, Arrows, Caps lock Key, Delete Key.
*Storage capacity*
Floppy Disk= 1.44 MB
CD=700 MB
DVD=4700 MB
1 DVD=7 Cds
1 CD=486 Floppy Disk
*Introduction to M.S. Office*
M.S. Office stands for Microsoft office. It is calculation of an application software is designed by Microsoft corporation such the
people of official employ like as typing the data modify , data and create the data searching because the data and create the data
in different pattern then decided pattern then decided the complete solution.
The application software of M.S. office are given below-
1) M.S Word
2) M.S Excel
3) M.S. Access
4) M.S PowerPoint
*Introduction to M.S. Word*
M.S. word is the completed package for typing and creating an of file by M.S word. We can create margins books, applications
resume, notice and many other things.
*How to open M.S. Word*
All Programme>Microsoft office>M.S. Word>Enter
*Introduction to Paint*
M.S. Paint is the image editor packs in the paint. We can draw any image with the help of many tools. In the paint we can draw
with the pencil, line, rectangle curve line and many other effects. We can set image which is created in the pack as a desktop
background.
*Introduction to Notepad*
Notepad is a text editor package of windows it is by difficult installed on your computer. There is no need to install this
application software after the window installed.
*Introduction to Spread Sheet*
A work sheet is a also called a spread sheet is a electronic sheet made up of row and column it used for planning a project or
checking it used for financial position of an organization.
Wok Book of Spread Sheet- A workbook is a collection of many worksheet in a single work book you can start information in an
organized manners.
ROW- A row is a horizontal block of cells that runs through the entire widths of the worksheet by default row 65536 in an excel
2007 worksheet.
Column- A column is a vertical block of cells of that runs row the entire width of the worksheet by default 256 column in an excel
2007 worksheet.
Cell- A cell is the entire section of row and column for example- the uppermost cells
.