“A STUDY ON IMPACT OF GST ON THE DAY TO DAY

LIFE OF CONSUMERS-WITH REFERENCE TO THE

CONSUMERS OF MADIKERI TOWN OF KODAGU
DISTRICT’’

Project Report submitted to Mangalore University in Partial

Fulfilment of the Requirement for the Award of the Degree
of
BACHELOR OF COMMERCE [[Link]]

SUBMITTED BY
SAFREEN M.S.
[Link]: U05FM21C0173

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

[Link] K.M.
FACULTY OF COMMERCE & PROJECT GUIDE

DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE AND BUSINESS

ADMINISTRATION
FIELD MARSHAL K.M. CARIAPPA COLLEGE
MADIKERI – 571201
2023 – 24
PERMISSION LETTER
 MANGALORE UNIVERSITY
FIELD MARSHAL K. M. CARIAPPA COLLEGE
[A Constituent College of Mangalore University]
Madikeri – 571201, Kodagu District, Karnataka

DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE AND BUSINESS

ADMINISTRATION

Dr. SHAILASHREE K. [Link]., Ph.D.[PDF]

Assistant Professor and Head

Department of Commerce and Business Administration

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Ms. SAFREEN M.S. Is a student of VI semester, [Link]
(2023 – 2024 Batch) of Mangalore University.

The project report entitled “A STUDY ON IMPACT OF GST ON THE DAY TO

DAY LIFE OF CONSUMERS-WITH REFERENCE TO THE CONSUMERS OF
MADIKERI TOWN OF KODAGU DISTRICT’’ has been prepared by her in partial
fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree in Bachelor of Commerce
under the supervision of [Link] K.M. Faculty, Department of Commerce
and Business Administration, Field Marshal K. M Cariappa College, Mangalore
University, Madikeri.

Date: (DR. SHAILASHREE K)

Place: Madikeri Assistant Professor and Head
 MANGALORE UNIVERSITY
FIELD MARSHAL K. M. CARIAPPA COLLEGE
[A Constituent College of Mangalore University]
Madikeri – 571201, Kodagu District, karnataka

DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE AND BUSINESS

ADMINISTRATION

Mrs. MUTHAMMA K.M.

Faculty and Project Guide
Department of Commerce and Business Administration

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that this project report titled “A STUDY ON IMPACT
OF GST ON THE DAY TO DAY LIFE OF CONSUMERS-WITH
REFERENCE TO THE CONSUMERS OF MADIKERI TOWN OF
KODAGU DISTRICT” is a confide record of work done by
[Link] M.S. under my guidance and supervision during the period
February 2024 to April 2024 and that the project has not previously formed
for the basis for the award of any Diploma, Degree, Fellowship or other
similar title.

Date: ([Link] K.M.)

Place: Madikeri Guide
CERTIFICATE OF COMPLETION
 DECLARATION

I hereby declare that this project report entitled “A STUDY ON IMPACT

OF GST ON THE DAY TO DAY LIFE OF CONSUMERS-WITH
REFERENCE TO THE CONSUMERS OF MADIKERI TOWN OF
KODAGU DISTRICT” has been prepared by me towards the partial
fulfilment of the requirement for the award of the Bachelor of Commerce
([Link]) Degree of Mangalore University, under the guidance of
[Link] K.M., Lecturer, Department of Commerce And business
administration, Field Marshal KM Cariappa College Madikeri, Mangalore
university.

I also declare that this project is the result of my own efforts and original
work and has not been previously formed on the basis for the award of any
degree, diploma, fellowship or other similar titles of any other University.

Date: SAFREEN M.S.

Place: MADIKERI Reg no: U05FM21C0173

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I take this privilege to acknowledge with pleasure, the contribution, guidance and
assistance that I received from many in preparing this project report. It is because of
their willingness to sacrifice their precious time, energy and resources that the
successful completion of this project report has been possible.

I first extend my deep sense of gratitude to God whose blessing facilitated the
completion of my project.

I would like to express my deep sense of gratitude and immensely thankful to

[Link] K.M., Lecturer, Department of Commerce and business
administration, Field Marshal K.M Cariappa College, Madikeri for providing me
opportunity to take up this project and without whose valuable guidance it would have
been impossible for me to successfully complete this project work.

I am indebted to her for lending her precious time and co-operation towards the
execution of this project work.

I extend my sincere gratitude to Mrs. Dr SHAILASHREE K., head of department of

commerce and business administration, Field Marshal KM Cariappa College Madikeri,
for the encouragement and support for completing the project report successfully.

I also extend my gratitude to Maj. Dr RAGHAVA B., principal of Field Marshal KM

Cariappa College Madikeri for giving me an opportunity to study in this college and to
do my project studies.

I particularly would like to thank all the respondents for their prompt feedback and
cooperation in enabling me to complete my project work.

I sincerely thank [Link] MOHISIN, Advocate and Tax consultant for giving me
an opportunity to do the internship in their office and also, I would like thank all the
staff members for their support during the internship.

I heart fully thank my parents for their prayers, encouragement and support during the
project. Last but not the least I express my gratitude to everyone who directly and
indirectly helped for completing the project in time and thereby making my research a
great success. SAFREEN M.S
 CONTENTS

SL. NO CONTENT PAGE NO.

1. INTRODUCTION 1-11

1.1 GST 1-3

1.2 MEANING 3

1.3 DEFINITION 4

1.4 SALIENT FEATURES OF GST 4-6

1.5 TAXES TOBE SUBSUMED UNDER GST 7

1.6 GST RATES IN INDIA 7

1.7 TYPES OF GST 8-9

1.8 EVOLUTION OF GST IN INDIA 9-10

1.9 IMPACT OF GST ON CONSUMERS 10-11

2. REVIEW OF LITERATURE 12-14

3. IMPORTANCE/SCOPE OF THE STUDY 15-16

4. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY 16

5. METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY 17-18

6. ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION 19-32

7. FINDINGS,SUGGESTIONS &CONCLUSION 33-34

8. LEARNING OUTCOMES OF THE INTERNSHIP 35

AND PROJECT

9. REFERENCES 36

10. ANNEXURES 37-41

 LIST OF TABLES

TABLE NO TITLE PAGE NO

6.1 GENDER 19
6.2 AGE 20
6.3 OCCUPATION 21
6.4 FAMILIARITY WITH GST 22
6.5 IMPLEMENTATION OF GST AFFECTED THE 23
MONTHLY EXPENSES
6.6 CHANGES IN THE AVAILABILITY OF GOODS 24
AND SERVICES POST-GST
IMPLEMENTATION
6.7 PRICES OF ESSENTIAL ITEMS LIKE 25
GROCERIES, MEDCINES AND HOUSEHOLD
GOODS HAVE BECOME MORE AFFORDABLE
OR EXPENSIVE AFTER GST
6.8 ISSUES IN UNDERSTANDING THE 26
CALCULATIONS OF GST WHILE MAKING
PURCHASES
6.9 GST LED TO REDUCTION IN TAX EVASION 27
AND BLACK MARKET TRANSACTION
6.10 CHANGES IN THE PRICING STRATEGIES OF 28
BUSINESS POST-GST IMPLEMENTATION
6.11 IMPACT OF GST ON THE PURCHASING 29
DECISIONS AND CHANGES IN THE BUYING
HABITS
6.12 IMPACT OF GST ON THE QUALITY OF 30
CUSTOMER SERVICE PROVIED BY BUSINESS
6.13 CHANGES IN THE OVERALL SHOPPING 31
EXPERIENCE SINCE GST WAS INTRODUCED
6.14 OVERALL,GST HAS BEEN BENIFICIAL FOR 32
CONSUMERS IN TERMS OF COST SAVING
AND TRANSPARENCY IN TRANSACTION
 1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction to GST:

The idea of a nationwide GST in India was first proposed by the Kelkar Task Force on
Indirect taxes in 2000. The objective was to replace the prevailing complex and
fragmented tax structure with a unified system that would simplify compliance, reduce
tax cascading, and promote economic integration. The Empowered Committee of State
Finance Ministers prepared a design and roadmap, releasing the First Discussion Paper
in 2009. The Constitution Amendment Bill was introduced in 2011 but faced challenges
regarding compensation to States and other issues.

After years of deliberation and negotiations between the Central and State
Governments, the Constitution (122nd Amendment) Bill, 2014, was introduced in the
Parliament. The Bill aimed to amend the Constitution to enable the implementation of
GST. The Constitution Amendment Bill was passed by the Lok Sabha in May, 2015.
The Bill with certain amendments was finally passed in the Rajya Sabha and thereafter
by the Lok Sabha in August, 2016. Further, the Bill has been ratified by the required
number of States and has since received the assent of the President on 8th September,
2016 and has been enacted as the 101st Constitution Amendment Act, 2016. The GST
Council was notified w.e.f. 12th September, 2016. For assisting the GST Council, the
office of the GST Council Secretariat was also established.

1
The GST Council, consisting of the Union Finance Minister and representatives from
all States and Union Territories, was established to make decisions on various aspects
of GST, including tax rates, exemptions, and administrative procedures. It played a
crucial role in shaping the GST framework in India. On July 1, 2017, GST laws were
implemented, replacing a complex web of Central and State taxes. Under the Indian
GST, goods and services are categorized into different tax slabs, including 5%, 12%,
18%, and 28%. Some essential commodities are exempted from GST, Gold and job
work for diamond attract low rate of taxation. Compensation cess is being levied on
demerit goods and certain luxury items.

To prepare for the implementation of GST, extensive efforts were made to build the
necessary technological infrastructure and train tax officials and businesses. GST
Network (GSTN), a not-for-profit company, was created to provide the IT backbone for
the GST system, including taxpayer registration, return filing, and tax payments.

Since its implementation, the Indian GST has undergone various amendments and
refinements based on feedback from businesses and the evolving economic scenario.
While the GST implementation initially posed challenges for businesses in terms of
understanding the new compliance requirements and adapting to the changes, it has
gradually settled into the Indian tax landscape.

It can be said that the history of GST in India showcases a monumental shift in the
country's tax structure, aiming to create a more unified, efficient, and transparent
indirect tax regime for the benefit of businesses and the economy as a whole.

The implementation of GST has brought about a fundamental shift in the financial
relations between the Central Government and the State Governments in India. GST is
a unified tax system that replaced multiple indirect taxes levied by both the Central and
State Governments. Under GST, both the Central and State Governments share the
authority to levy and collect taxes on goods and services. This has led to greater
harmonization and uniformity in the tax structure across States, promoting economic
integration.

The GST system follows a dual structure, comprising Central GST (CGST) and State
GST (SGST), levied concurrently by the Central and State governments, respectively.
Additionally, an Integrated GST (IGST) is levied on interstate supplies and imports,
which is collected by the Central Government but apportioned to the destination state.

2
In terms of revenue distribution, the GST Council plays a crucial role. It is a joint forum
consisting of the Union Finance Minister and representatives from all States and Union
Territories. The Council makes decisions on various aspects of GST, including tax rates,
exemptions, and revenue sharing between the Central and State Governments. Except
for one decision, all decisions of the Council were taken by consensus.

To ensure a smooth transition to the GST regime and address any revenue losses
incurred by the States, a compensation mechanism was established. The Central
Government was committed to providing compensation to the States for any revenue
shortfall during the initial years of GST implementation. This compensation was meant
to bridge the gap between the expected revenue growth and the actual revenue collected
by the States.

It has fostered greater coordination, reduced tax barriers, and streamlined the tax
system, leading to improved efficiency and competitiveness in the Indian economy. The
successful implementation of GST relies on a cooperative and consensus-based
approach between the Central and State Governments. It has transformed financial
relations, ensuring greater coordination and efficiency in the Indian tax system.

1.2 MEANING:

GST is known as the Goods and Service Tax. It is an indirect tax which has replaced
many indirect taxes in India such as the excise duty, VAT, service tax etc. The Goods
and Service Tax Act was passed in the Parliament on 29 th march 2017and came into
force on 1 st July 2017.

In other words, Goods and Service Tax (GST) is levied on the supply of goods and
services. Goods and Service Tax Law in India is a comprehensive, multi-stage,
destination-based tax that is levied on every value addition .GST is a single domestic
indirect tax law for the entire country.

1.3 DEFINITION:

Clauses 366(12A) of the constitution bill defines GST as –goods and service tax means
any tax on supply of goods or services or both except on the supply of the liquor for
human consumption .Further the clauses 366(26A) of the bill defines services means
manufacture, sale and consumption of goods and services at a national level .the

3
proposed tax will be levied on all transaction involving supply of goods and services,
except those which are kept out of its preview.

1.4 SALIENT FEATURES OF GST:

1. Single Indirect Tax:

GST is a single, unified tax, meaning you don’t have to pay a myriad of other taxes
anymore, such as value-added tax, excise duty, service tax, and others. This unification
has made tax compliance easier for businesses as well as reduced the cost of several
goods and services.

The GST system applies a single tax rate to goods and services based on their
classification under the Harmonized System of Nomenclature (HSN). The GST rates
vary depending on the nature of the goods or services and can range from 0% to 28%.

2. Registration exemptions for small businesses:

Every business with a total turnover exceeding Rs.40 lakhs in a financial year is
mandated to register under GST. For special category states and the state of Telangana,
the limit is Rs 20 lakhs. For service providers under GST, the threshold limits are Rs.20
lakh and Rs.10 lakh for normal category and special category states, respectively. Small
businesses that do not exceed the threshold limits do not need to register under GST
and collect and pay taxes.

3. Four-Tier Tax Structure:

The tax structure under GST is divided into four rates:

 5% — Essential goods, such as food items and life-saving drugs

 12% — Goods such as certain apparel items, packaged food, nuts, medicines,
etc.
 18% — Goods such as electronic items, consumer durables, and most services
 28% — Luxury and sin goods such as cars, tobacco, and aerated drinks

In addition to these four tax rates, there is also a nil rate imposed on several essential
goods, such as food grains, as well as special tax rates of 0.25% and 3% imposed on
certain luxury goods like precious stones and jewellery. There are also special rates for
taxpayers under the composition scheme. The four-tier rate structure intends to bring

4
uniformity in taxation across the country while reducing the cascading effect of taxes
and promoting the ease of doing business. However, some experts believe the multiple
tax rates complicate compliance and add to business costs.

4. GST Composition Scheme:

The GST composition scheme allows eligible businesses to pay GST at a lower rate on
their taxable turnover. It also reduces the number of compliances a business needs to
adhere to. Manufacturers that have a turnover of up to Rs 1.5 crore are allowed to opt
into the composition scheme. In North-Eastern states and Himachal Pradesh, this limit
is Rs.75 lakhs. There is also a special composition scheme for service providers with a
turnover of up to Rs.50 lakh. However, a business paying tax under the composition
scheme cannot claim the input tax credit, as explained in the next pointer.

5. Input Tax Credit System:

Input Tax Credit (ITC) is the credit a registered GST taxpayer can claim for the GST
paid on inputs (i.e., raw materials, capital goods, and services) that are used in producing
or supplying goods and services. Under the GST system, the tax is levied at each stage
of the supply chain, from the manufacturer to the retailer, and is ultimately borne by the
final consumer. The tax paid at each stage can be claimed as an input tax credit (ITC)
in the subsequent stage, except for businesses that opt for the composition scheme.

6. Invoice Matching:

The GST system checks whether the details of the invoices filed by the supplier match
those of the invoices filed by the recipient. For example, the supplier files their GSTR-
1 return, which is the return of outward supplies. These details appear in the recipient’s
GSTR-2B statement, which contains details of their purchases made and input tax credit
available, and is used as reference when filing the GSTR-3B.

Hence, when the recipient files their summary return and pays their taxes in Form
GSTR-3B, the ITC details submitted by the recipient are system-checked with the
details submitted by the supplier. If the details match, it is assumed the data has been
correctly reported by both the supplier and the recipient. However, if there are any
discrepancies or differences in the details, the system flags them, and the GST portal

5
sends out automated reminders to the concerned taxpayer. The mismatches are then
rectified by the parties involved in the transaction, failing which the ITC may be
disallowed.

7. Consumption-Based Tax:

GST is a destination-based consumption tax. The GST collected on goods and services
is not received by the manufacturer’s state but by the state where the supplies are
consumed. And although GST is charged at every stage, whenever value is added to
the goods or services, the supplier of the goods or services offsets this GST by claiming
input tax credit of the GST paid on previous stages. Ultimately, the final dealer passes
on the GST to the final consumer of the goods or services.

It helps to reduce the burden of tax evasion since the tax is collected at each stage of the
supply chain and reconciled through the GST return filing process.

8. Anti-Profiteering Measures:

Under the GST system, businesses must pass on the benefit of lower tax rates or ITC to
consumers by reducing the prices of their goods or services. The GST law comprises
anti-profiteering measures that include a framework to identify whether the benefits
have been passed on to consumers.

9. Competitive Advantage:

The removal of the cascading effect and the introduction of ITC has helped Indian
businesses reduce their cost of compliance and the cost of production. This has given
Indian businesses a competitive advantage in the international market, making them
more attractive to foreign buyers and investors.

10. Digital compliance and payments:

GST compliance is almost completely digital. From registration to return filings to

payments, taxpayers can undertake them online on the common GST portal.
Taxpayers can pay GST online via internet banking, National Electronic Funds
Transfer (NEFT), Real Time Gross Settlement (RTGS), and debit or credit cards.

6
1.5 TAXES TO BE SUBSUMED UNDER GST:

1.6 GST RATES IN INDIA:

Exempted categories: 0

Commonly used Goods and Services: 5%

Standard Goods and Services fall under 1st Slab: 12%

Standard Goods and Services fall under 2nd Slab: 18%

Special category of Goods and Services including Luxury Goods: 28%.

7
1.7 TYPES OF GST:

There are Four Types of GST in India. Namely:

1. Integrated Goods and Services Tax (IGST)

2. State Goods and Services Tax (SGST)

3. Central Goods and Services Tax (CGST)

4. Union Territory Goods and Services Tax (UTGST)

1. Integrated Goods and Services Tax or IGST:

The Integrated Goods and Services Tax or IGST is a tax under the GST regime that is
applied on the interstate (between 2 states) supply of goods and/or services as well as
on imports and exports. The IGST is governed by the IGST Act. Under IGST, the body
responsible for collecting the taxes is the Central Government. After the collection of
taxes, it is further divided among the respective states by the Central Government.

2. State Goods and Services Tax or SGST:

The State Goods and Services Tax or SGST is a tax under the GST regime that is
applicable on intrastate (within the same state) transactions. In the case of an intrastate
supply of goods and/or services, both State GST and Central GST are levied. However,

8
the State GST or SGST is levied by the state on the goods and/or services that are
purchased or sold within the state. It is governed by the SGST Act. The revenue earned
through SGST is solely claimed by the respective state government.

3. Central Goods and Services Tax or CGST:

Just like State GST, the Central Goods and Services Tax of CGST is a tax under the
GST regime that is applicable on intrastate (within the same state) transactions. The
CGST is governed by the CGST Act. The revenue earned from CGST is collected by
the Central Government.

4. Union Territory Goods and Services Tax or UTGST:

The Union Territory Goods and Services Tax or UTGST is the counterpart of State
Goods and Services Tax (SGST) which is levied on the supply of goods and/or services
in the Union Territories (UTs) of India. The UTGST is applicable on the supply of
goods and/or services in Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Chandigarh, Daman Diu,
Dadra, and Nagar Haveli, and Lakshadweep. The UTGST is governed by the UTGST
Act. The revenue earned from UTGST is collected by the Union Territory government.
The UTGST is a replacement for the SGST in Union Territories. Thus, the UTGST will
be levied in addition to the CGST in Union Territories.

1.8 EVOLUTION OF GST IN INDIA:

In 2000, the Vajpayee Government started discussion on GST by setting up an

Empowered Committee, headed by Asim Dasgupta (West Bengal Finance Minister) to
design the GST model. Thereafter, the Task Force on Implementation of the Fiscal
Responsibility and Budget Management Act, 2003 (Chairman: Vijay Kelkar)
recommended the removal of all inefficient and distortionary taxes so that India obtains
the efficiencies of a single national tax, and suggested a comprehensive GST based on
VAT principle. The idea of moving towards a GST was proposed in 2005 by the then
Union Finance Minister, P. Chidambaram in his budget speech for the year 2005-06
where he observed that the entire production-distribution chain should be covered by a
goods and services tax that encompasses both the Centre and the States. He reiterated
his idea in 2006-07 budget speech and proposed April 1, 2010 as the date for introducing

9
GST. Towards this objective, an Empowered Committee (EC) of State Finance
Ministers was to work with the Central Government to prepare a roadmap for
introduction of GST. The final version of the report of EC was presented in the form of
‘A Model and Roadmap for Goods and Services Tax in India’ on April 30, 2008.

After receiving comments on the report from Government of India and concerned
officials of the State Governments and taking into account their recommendations, the
EC released the First Discussion paper on Goods and Services Tax in India on
November 10, 2009 to obtain the inputs of industry, trade bodies, and people at large.
On 22nd March 2011, the 9 Constitution (115th Amendment) Bill was introduced in
the Lok Sabha to operationalize the GST and enable Centre and States to make laws for
levying of GST. However, the Bill lapsed with the dissolution of the 15 th Lok Sabha.
Thereafter, on 19th December, 2014 the Constitution

(122nd Amendment) Bill, 2014 was introduced in the Lok Sabha to address various
issues related to GST. It is noteworthy that the introduction of GST required a
Constitutional amendment as the Constitution did not vest express power either in the
Central Government or State Government to levy tax on the ‘supply of goods and
services’. While the Centre was empowered to tax services and goods up to the
production stage, the States had the power to tax sale of goods. Since the GST regime
requires goods and services to be simultaneously taxed by both the Central and State
Governments, a Constitutional amendment was needed.

1.9 IMPACT OF GST ON CONSUMERS:

The impact of GST on customers can be both positive and negative, depending on
various factors such as the type of goods and services they consume, their income levels,
and their overall consumption patterns. Here are some key ways in which GST can
affect customers:

1. Price Changes: One of the most immediate impacts of GST on customers is the
change in prices of goods and services. While GST aims to streamline the tax system
and reduce cascading taxes, it can also lead to price increases or decreases for certain
products. Customers may experience fluctuations in prices, affecting their purchasing
decisions and overall budget.

10
2. Tax Burden: GST can alter the tax burden on customers, depending on the tax rates
applied to different goods and services. Customers may end up paying more or less in
taxes, which can impact their disposable income and savings. Understanding how GST
affects the overall tax burden on customers is crucial for assessing its impact on their
financial well-being.

3. Compliance Costs: Customers may also face compliance costs associated with GST,
such as understanding tax rules, maintaining records, and filing returns. These
additional costs can impact customers, especially small businesses and individuals, who
may need to invest time and resources to comply with GST regulations.

4. Consumption Behaviours: GST can influence customers' consumption behaviour

by changing the relative prices of goods and services. Customers may shift their
spending patterns in response to changes in tax rates, leading to changes in demand for
certain products. Understanding how GST influences customer preferences and choices
is essential for businesses to adapt their marketing strategies accordingly.

5. Transparency and Accountability: GST aims to bring greater transparency and

accountability to the tax system, which can benefit customers by reducing tax evasion
and improving compliance. Customers may benefit from a more efficient tax
administration that ensures fair treatment and enforcement of tax laws.

6. Market Competition: GST can impact market competition by affecting pricing

strategies and cost structures of businesses. Customers may benefit from increased
competition among businesses, leading to better quality products, lower prices, and
improved services. Understanding how GST influences market dynamics helps
customers make informed choices and promotes a competitive marketplace.

7. Inflation and Affordability: Changes in tax rates under GST can have implications
for inflation rates and affordability of goods and services. Customers may experience
changes in the cost of living, affecting their overall standard of living and purchasing
power. Monitoring inflation trends and affordability levels helps policymakers address
any adverse impacts of GST on customers.

11
 2. REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Kiran Ajeev, Somasekharan T M (2019): in their study identify that GST has led to
cost reduction throughout the business cycle from manufacturer to retailer and to the
end consumer. They also stated that single tax system reduces transportation time.

Kiran ajeev (2019): in his study mentions that, it is clear that coming of GST have
increased the legal formalities and the current rate of GST is high. It also affected the
family budget of the respondents negatively. And it is clear that majority of the people
didn’t even know about the anti-profiteering provisions of GST.

Rekha D.M. Swathi V (2019): in their study finds that, FMCG sector mainly depends
on distribution and transportation and also mention that the purchase decision of
consumers also changed after GST implementation.

Sindhu S and Kirubagaran K (2018): in their study disclose that significant impact
on due to implementation of GST in household expenditure.

Kiran Ajeev, Somasekharan T M (2019): in their study ascertains that the sector is
the major taxation contributor both direct and indirect in the economy. As per this study,
FMCG sector has undergone changes with the implementation of GST. GST alters
production-based taxation system to a consumption-based taxation system.

Prof. Sreekumar P. G, Chitra.R (2018): The main idea of this research study is to
understand customer’s attitude to enforcing GST. This study is also intending to know
the attitude of consumer’s in executing GST by taking the account various consumer
durable segment of Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG).

Sindhu S and Kirubagaran K (2018): in their study find that there is no significant
impact on implementation of GST in household expenditure.

Dr. Harshal Anil Salunkhe (2017): in his study find that GST would be beneficial to
growth of Indian economy but temporarily hurt the growth of tax on services which

12
accounts of 60 percent of India’s GDP. The government should provide ample time to
industries and customers to adapt to the biggest reform in the tax history.

Nitin Kumar (2014): studied, “Goods and Service Tax- A Way

Forward” that implementing GST in India would help in removing current indirect tax
system and expected to encourage unbiased tax structure which is indifferent to
geographical locations.

Hafizah et al., (2013): underlined the basic requirements of GST and they look into the
implementation of GST system in Malaysia, its need, operational framework and other
aspects needed for successful implementation. This work gives fair insight to gain the
ground for further research.

Tripathi, (2011): The authors have discussed the concerns faced in India post the
implementation of VAT, the learning we could take from it, the effects on the social
order in India. All this is Discussed in the background of the impending GST in
India. The Authors have discussed the various issues around VAT, how it Impacts the
different sections of society. VAT is present in all Goods produced and GST would be
present in all goods and Services produced making it a tax payable by all sections of
the society. Thus it is a tax though good to increase the revenue impacts even the
poorer sections of society.

Herekar (2012): The Ministry of Finance had set up the Task Force with Mr.V. V.
Kelkar as the Chairman of the Task Force. The Main task of the Task Force was to
evaluate the Impact of the Proposed GST on the Indian economy. The author in the
paper has studied the different parts of GST and their impact on the common Man, the
Business and the economy. The author has concluded Based on secondary data that if
GST is introduced in India, it would have a positive impact on overall economy.

Gowtham Ramkumar (2017): In his study titled “Impact of GST on consumer

spending ability in Chennai City” concluded that, the consumers are left with less
money after GST, Rise in inflation level and falling prices of certain goods after GST
implementation. He further concluded that, the GST Rates will have a significant impact

13
on the spending ability of the consumers and suggested that benefits of input tax Credit
must be transferred by the companies to the Consumers.

Nishita Gupta (2014): in her study stated that by implementing GST would give many
benefits to our country which is not given by current tax structure and will benefit the
economy.

[Link] jaimin Desai studied that implementation of GST has definitely not
affected or impact the preference behavior of branded cloths

Nidhi paraskar, deepa joshi and p.k. chopra: have considered only FMCG goods
only they opined that people are aware about the tax they pay on purchase of
commodities but are not much interested in giving importance to such tax on their
purchase FMCG. However they recognize proper billing helps to decide accountability of
tax compliance.

Jaspreet Kaur: Studied there will be fall in prices of some commodities but on the
other hand price of some commodities but on the other hand price of some other goods
and services will rise.

Kankipati Ajay Kumar: concluded in research the government of India focuses on

creating one single tax and market for all in India. Duel model of GST will result in
more employment opportunity.

Shefali Dani S (2016): made an attempt to understand why the proposed GST regime
may hamper the growth and development of the country. He pointed out that the
proposed GST regime is a half-hearted attempt to rationalize indirect tax structure.
Further, the government should study the GST regime set up by various countries and
also their fallouts before implementing in our country

14
 3. IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY

The implementation of Goods and Services Tax (GST) has had a significant impact on
consumers. One of the key benefits for consumers is the reduction in overall tax burden
due to the elimination of the cascading effect of taxes. This has led to lower prices for
goods and services, making them more affordable for consumers. Additionally, GST
has brought about increased tax compliance and transparency in the tax system, which
helps in curbing tax evasion and ensuring that the benefits of reduced tax rates are
passed on to consumers. The simplified tax structure and uniform taxation across states
have also made it easier for consumers to understand and compare prices, leading to a
more competitive market environment. In addition to the benefits mentioned, the
implementation of GST has also led to a more efficient supply chain and distribution
network, which ultimately benefits consumers. The streamlined tax system has reduced
logistical bottlenecks and improved the ease of doing business, resulting in faster
delivery times and lower transportation costs. This efficiency in the supply chain has
translated into cost savings for businesses, which are often passed on to consumers in
the form of lower prices.

Moreover, GST has encouraged formalization of the economy by bringing more

businesses into the tax net. This has led to increased competition among businesses,
driving them to improve the quality of their products and services to attract consumers.
As a result, consumers now have access to a wider range of choices and better quality
goods and services. Furthermore, the implementation of GST has also facilitated the
growth of e-commerce platforms by providing a level playing field for online and
offline retailers. This has expanded consumer access to a variety of products and
services, leading to increased convenience and affordability.

Overall, the impact of GST on consumers has been multifaceted, resulting in lower
prices, improved quality, increased competition, and enhanced convenience. The
positive effects of GST on consumers are expected to continue as the tax system evolves
and adapts to changing market dynamics. The impact of GST on consumers has been
positive, resulting in lower prices, increased transparency, and a more consumer-
friendly tax system.

15
SCOPE OF THE STUDY:

The study titled “A STUDY ON IMPACT OF GST ON THE DAY TO DAY LIFE OF
CONSUMERS-WITH REFERENCE TO THE CONSUMERS OF MADIKERI

TOWN OF KODAGU DISTRICT” has been undertaken to assess the impact of GST

on consumers. The respondents of the study are common man who has gone through
GST implementation process. Fifty respondents have been selected for this study. The
research study reveals that all the Madikeri respondents are affected by GST. For
convenience of the study fifty respondents had been selected from Madikeri town of
Kodagu district.

LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY:

Data for the study have been gathered through questionnaire. Consumer respondents
considering the secrecy on certain aspects may not disclose accurate information.
Furthermore, the present study is restricted only to Madikeri town, of Kodagu.
Considering the time constraints response could be collected only from 50 consumers.

4. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

 To understand consumer perception about GST.

 To analyse how GST has affected the prices of goods and services.
 To study how consumers’ spending patterns have evolved post-GST
implementation.
 To evaluate consumer awareness levels regarding GST regulations.
 To investigate how GST has influenced consumer savings behaviour.

16
 5. METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY

Research methods are the techniques and tools by which you research a subject or a
topic. Research methodology involves the learning of various techniques to conduct
research and acquiring knowledge to perform tests, experiments, surveys, and critical
analysis.
Research methodology simply refers to the practical “how” of any given piece of
research. It’s about how a researcher systematically designs a study to ensure valid and
reliable results that address the research aims and objectives.

5.1 SOURCE OF DATA:

The main source of data for the study was
 Primary data
 Secondary data

 Primary data
Primary data were collected by framing a questionnaire. A set of questionnaire were
prepared and questionnaires in Google form were circulated to selected public to know
their views.
 Secondary data
The secondary data were collected from articles published in newspaper, internet
website, magazines, and journals.

5.2 SAMPLING DESIGN:

The data collected are original in nature and collected through questionnaire.
Questionnaire was divided into two sections; first part was designed to know the general
information about consumer, second part was designed to consumer’s opinion about
Goods and Service Tax (GST).

 POPULATION: The samples were collected from Madikeri town of Kodagu

district.

17
  SAMPLE SIZE: The response is collected from 50 respondents with the help
of questionnaire. So the sample size is 50. The collected sample is in the method
of convenience.

5.3 DATA ANALYSIS TOOLS:

Keeping the objectives of the study in mind, I constructed the questionnaire to elicit the
required information from the respondents. The questionnaire in google form was
administered to a sample of 45 respondents. A copy of the questionnaire is appended.
The information collected through the questionnaire was analysed by using the
following tools namely:
 PERCENTAGE ANALYSIS
 GRAPHS AND DIAGRAMS

From the analysis made, the interpretation of the data is made theoretically and

statistically displayed through diagrams .

18
 6. DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
Analysis of data is the process of inspecting, transforming and modelling data with a
goal of discovering useful information, providing suggestions, arriving at conclusions
and supporting decision making.
Gender of respondents:
Table no: 6.1
GENDER RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE
(%)
Male 23 46
Female 27 54

Total 50 100
Chart no: 6.1

Gender

100

90

80

70

60
RESPONDENTS
50 PERCENTAGE(%)
40

30

20

10

0
MALE FEMALE TOTAL

Interpretation:
The table and bar graph reflect the gender of the respondents, 23 of 50 respondents i.e.,
46% are male respondents, and 27 of 50 i.e., 54% are of female respondents.

19
Age of respondents:
Table no: 6.2
AGE RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE (%)
Below 20 9 18
21-25 28 56
26-32 12 24
Above 40 1 2
Total 50 100
Chart no: 6.2

Age

100

90

80

70

60
RESPONDENTS
50
PERCENTAGE (%)

40

30

20

10

0
BELOW 20 21-25 26-32 ABOVE 40 TOTAL

Interpretation:
The table and bar graph reflects the age of respondents, 9 of 50 i.e,18% of the
respondents age is below 20, 28 of 50 i.e. 56% of the respondents age is 21-25, 12 of
50 i.e., 24% of respondents age is 26-32 and 1 of 50 i.e., 2% of respondents age is above
40.

20
Occupation of the respondents:

Table no: 6.3

OCCUPATION RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE (%)

Wage worker 7 14
Employee 10 20
Student 21 42
Business man 7 14
Others 5 10
Total 50 100

Chart no: 6.3

Occupation

100
90
80
70
60
50 RESPONDENTS

40 PERCENTAGE (%)

30
20
10
0
WAGE EMPLOYEE STUDENT BUSINESS OTHERS TOTAL
WORKER MAN

Interpretation:

The table and bar graph reflects the occupation of the respondents, 7 of 50 i.e.14% of
the respondents are wage workers, 10 of 50 i.e.20% of the respondents are employees,
21 of 50 i.e.42% of the respondents are students, 7 of50 i.e. 14% of the respondents are
business men and 5 of 10% of the respondent are others.

21
Familiarity with GST:

Table no: 6.4

FAMILIARITY RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE (%)

WITH GST
Very familiar 15 30
Moderately familiar 19 38

Slightly familiar 13 26
Not familiar at all 3 6
Total 50 100

Chart no: 6.4

Familiarity with GST

100
90
80
70
60
50 RESPONDENTS

40 PERCENTAGE (%)

30
20
10
0
VERY MODERATELY SLIGHTLY NOT FAMILIAR TOTAL
FAMILIAR FAMILIAR FAMILIAR AT ALL

Interpretation:

The table and bar graph reflects the familiarity with GST, 15 of 50 i.e. 30% of the
respondents are very familiar, and 19 of 50 i.e.38% of the respondents are moderately
familiar, 13 of 50 i.e. 26% of the respondents are slightly familiar, 3 of 50 i.e. 6% of
the respondents are not familiar at all.

22
Implementation of GST affecting the monthly expenses of
respondents:

Table no: 6.5

IMPLEMENTATION RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE

OF GST AFFECTING (%)
THE MONTHLY
EXPENSES
Increased significantly 13 26

Increased slightly 23 46
Stayed the same 11 22
Decreased slightly 2 4
Decreased significantly 1 2
Total 50 100
Chart no: 6.5

100

80

60

40

20
RESPONDENTS
0
PERCENTAGE (%)

Interpretation:

The table and bar graph reflects the implementation of GST affected the monthly
expenses, 13 of 50 i.e. 26% of the respondents are increased significantly, 23 of 50 i.e.
46% of the respondent are increased slightly, 11 of 50 i.e.22% of the respondents are
stayed the same and 2 of 50 i.e.4% of the respondents are decreased slightly and 1 of
50 i.e. 2% of the respondents are deceased significantly.

23
Changes in the availability of goods and services post-GST
implementation:
Table no: 6.6
CHANGES IN THE RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE
AVAILABILITY OF (%)
GOODS AND
SERVICES POST-GST
IMPLEMENTATION

More variety available 18 36

Some items are harder to 21 42

find
No noticeable change 11 22
Total 50 100
Chart no: 6.6

100
90
80
70
60
50 RESPONDENTS
40 PERCENTAGE (%)
30
20
10
0
MORE VARIETY SOME ITEMS ARE NO NOTICEABLE TOTAL
AVAILABLE HARDER TO FIND CHANGE

Interpretation:
The table and bar graph reflects the changes in the availability of goods and services
post-GST implementation, 18 of 50 i.e. 36% of the respondents are more variety
available, 21 of 0 i.e. 42% of the respondents are some harder to find, 11 of 50 i.e.
22% of the respondents are no noticeable change.

24
Prices of essential items like groceries, medicines and household
goods have become more affordable or expensive after GST
implementation:
Table no: 6.7
PRICES OF RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE (%)
ESSENTIAL
ITEMS LIKE
GROCERIES,
MEDCINES AND
HOUSEHOLD
GOODS HAVE
BECOME MORE
AFFORDABLE OR
EXPENSIVE
AFTER GST
More affordable 21 42
More expensive 17 34

No significant change 12 24
Total 50 100
Chart no: 6.7

Prices of essential items like groceries, medicines and household

goods have become more affordable or expensive after GST
implementation
100

50
RESPONDENTS

0 PERCENTAGE (%)
MORE MORE NO TOTAL
AFFORDABLE EXPENSIVE SIGNIFICANT
CHANGE

Interpretation:

The table and bar graph reflects the prices of items like groceries, medicines and
house hold goods have become more affordable or expensive after GST
implementation, 21 of 50 i.e. 42% of the respondents selected more affordable, 17 of
50 i.e.34% of the respondents selected more expensive and 12 of 50 i.e. 24% of the
respondents selected no significant change

25
Issues in understanding the calculation of GST while making
purchases:
Table no: 6.8
ISSUES IN RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE
UNDERSTANDING (%)
THE
CALCULATIONS OF
GST WHILE
MAKING
PURCHASES
Yes, faced challenges 22 44
No, found it easy to 16 32
understand
No significant change 12 24
Total 50 100
Chart no: 6.8

100
90
80
70
60
50
40 RESPONDENTS
30 PERCENTAGE (%)
20
10
0
YES, FACED NO, FOUND IT NO SIGNIFICANT TOTAL
CHALLENGES EASY TO CHANGE
UNDERSTAND

Interpretation:

The table and bar graph reflects the issues in understanding the calculation of GST
while making purchases, 22 of 50 i.e. 44% of the respondents selected yes, faced
challenges, 16 of 50 i.e.32% of the respondents selected no, found it easy to
understand, 12 of 50 i.e. 24% of the respondents selected no significant change.

26
GST led to reduction in tax evasion and black market transaction:
Table no: 6.9
GST LED TO RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE (%)
REDUCTION IN
TAX EVASION
AND BLACK
MARKET
TRANSACTION
Yes, reduced tax 18 36
evasion
No, no impact on tax 20 40
evasion
Not sure 12 24
Total 50 100
Chart no: 6.9

100

90

80

70

60

50
RESPONDENTS
40
PERCENTAGE (%)
30

20

10

0
YES,REDUCED NO, NO IMPACT NOT SURE TOTAL
TAX EVASION ON TAX EVASION

Interpretation:
The table and bar graph reflects the GST reduction in tax evasion and black market
transaction, 18 of 50 i.e.36% of the respondents selected yes, reduced tax evasion, 20
of 50 i.e.40% of the respondents selected no, no impact on tax evasion and 12 of 50
i.e.24% of the respondents selected not sure.

27
Changes in the pricing strategies of business post-GST
implementation:
Table no: 6.10
CHANGES IN THE RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE
PRICING (%)
STRATEGIES OF
BUSINESS POST-GST
IMPLIMENTATION
More discount and 24 48
promotions
Prices have increased 19 38
across the board
No significant change 7 14
Total 50 100
Chart no: 6.10

implementation

100
90
80
70
60
50
40 RESPONDENTS
30 PERCENTAGE (%)
20
10
0
MORE DISCOUNT PRICES HAVE NO SIGNIFICANT TOTAL
AND INCREASED CHANGE
PROMOTIONS ACROSS THE
BOARD

Interpretation:

The table and bar graph reflects the changes in the pricing strategies of business post-
GST implementation, 24 of 50i.e.48% of the respondents selected more discount and
promotions, 19 of 50 i.e. 38% of the respondents selected prices have increased
across the board, 7 of 50 i.e. 14% of the respondents selected no significant change.

28
Impact of GST on the purchasing decisions and changes in the
buying habits:
Table no: 6.11
IMPACTOF GST RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE (%)
ON TH
PURCHASING
DECISIONS AND
CHANGES IN THE
BUYING HABITS
Yes, I have changed 26 52
my buying decision
No, I have not 19 38
changed my buying
decision
Not sure 5 10
Total 50 100
Chart no: 6.11

Impact of GST on the purchasing decisions and changes in the

100

80

60

40 RESPONDENTS
PERCENTAGE (%)
20

0
YES, I HAVE NO, I HAVE NOT NOT SURE TOTAL
CHANGED MY CHANGED MY
BUYING BUYING
DECISION DECISION

Interpretation:
The table and bar graph reflects the impact of GST on the purchasing decisions and
change in the buying decisions, 26 of 50 i.e. 52% of the respondents selected yes I
have changed my buying decisions, 19 of 50 i.e. 38% of the respondents selected no I
have not changed my buying habits decisions and 5 of 50 i.e. 10% of the respondents
selected not sure.

29
Impact of GST on the quality of customer service provided by
business:
Table no: 6.12
IMPACT OF GST RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE (%)
ON THE
QUALITY OF
CUSTOMER
SERVICE
PROVIED BY
BUSINESS
Improved customer 25 50
service
Decline in customer 12 24
service
No noticeable 13 26
change
Total 50 100
Chart no: 6.12

100
90
80
70
60
50
40
RESPONDENTS
30
PERCENTAGE (%)
20
10
0
IMPROVED DECLINE IN NO NOTICEABLE TOTAL
CUSTOMER CUSTOMR CHANGE
SERVICE SERVICE

Interpretation:
The table and bar graph reflects the impact of GST on the quality of customer service
provided by business, 25 of 50 i.e.50% of the respondents selected improved customer
service, 12 of 50 i.e. 24% of the respondents selected decline in customer service, 13
of 50i.e.26% of the respondents selected no noticeable change.

30
Changes in the overall shopping experience since GST was
introduced:
Table no: 6.13
CHANGES IN RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE (%)
THEOVERALL
SHOPPING
EXPERIENCE
SINCE GST WAS
INTRODUCED
More convenient 23 46

More complicated 18 36
No noticeable change 9 18

Total 50 100
Chart no: 6.13

Changes in the overall shopping experience since GST was

100
90
80
70
60
50
RESPONDENTS
40
PERCENTAGE (%)
30
20
10
0
MORE MORE NO NOTICEABLE TOTAL
CONVENIENT COMPLICATED CHANGE

Interpretation:

The table and bar graph reflects the change in the over al shopping experience since
GST was introduced,23 of 50 i.e.46% of the respondents selected more convenient ,18
of 50 I.e. 36%of the respondents selected more complicated and 9 of 50i.e. 18% of the
respondents selected no noticeable change.

31
Overall, GST has been beneficial for consumers in terms of cost
saving and transparency in transaction:
Table no: 6.14
OVERALL,GST HAS RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE
BEEN BENIFICIAL (%)
FOR CONSUMERS
IN TERMS OF COST
SAVING AND
TRANSPARENCY
IN TRANSACTION

Yes, beneficial 29 58
No not beneficial 14 28
Not sure 7 14
Total 50 100
Chart no: 6.14

100
90
80
70
60
50 RESPONDENTS

40 PERCENTAGE (%)
30
20
10
0
YES, BENIFICIAL NO NOT NOT SURE TOTAL
BENIFICIAL

Interpretation:
The table and bar graph reflects the overall GST has been beneficial for consumers in
terms of cost saving and transparency in transactions, 29 of 50 i.e. 58% of the
respondents selected yes beneficial, 14 of 50 i.e. 28% of the respondents selected no
not beneficial and 7 of 50 i.e. 14% of the respondents selected not sure.

32
 7. MAJOR FINDINGS OF THE STUDY

 Majority (54%) of the respondents are female.

 Majority (56%) of the respondents are in the age group of 21-25.
 Majority (42%) of the respondents are students.
 Majority (38%) of the respondent are moderately familiar with GST.
 Majority (46%) of the respondents have said that their monthly expenses are
slightly affected from the implementation of GST.
 Majority (42%) of the respondents said some items are harder to find this
changes is available in the goods and service post-GST implementation.
 Majority (42%) of the respondents said that the prices of essential items like
groceries, medicine and household goods have become affordable after the
implementation of GST.
 Majority (44%) of the respondents faced the challenges in understanding the
calculation of GST while making purchases.
 Majority (40%) of the respondents selected that there is no impact on tax evasion
in the post-GST implementation.
 Majority (48%) of the respondents selected more discount and promotions in
the pricing strategies of business post-GST implementation.
 Majority (52%) of the respondents has impacted the purchasing decisions and
they have changed the buying decisions.
 Majority (50%) of the respondents had improved quality in the customer service
provided by business post-GST implementation.
 Majority (46%) the respondents have more convenient in the overall shopping
experience since the GST was introduced.
 Majority (58%) of the respondents are benefited by the GST in terms of cost
saving and transparency in transaction.

33
 SUGGESTIONS

 Government should take necessary actions to educate about GST

among low income group and high income group.
 The Government should estimate the way by which the GST rates are
executed, so it will be a provision to reduction price of goods and service.
 Special programs like campaign, seminar etc. may be implemented to
familiarize businesses and consumers with the functioning of GST.
 Government should ensure a proper mechanism in setup so that benefit of
GST is passed on to consumers.
 Measures to be taken to make women as well as youngsters aware about GST.
 To improve the awareness of GST among employed persons.
 People await an exemption in the GST rates for essential particulars and also
reduce its price in coming future.
 The National Anti-Profiteering Authority should properly monitor the various
goods and services and the benefits should reach the ultimate customer.

CONCLUSION

In conclusion, the Goods and Services Tax (GST) has the potential to streamline
the taxation system, enhance tax compliance, and boost economic growth by
creating a unified tax structure. However, the implementation of GST requires
careful planning, stakeholder engagement, and effective communication to
ensure a smooth transition and minimize disruptions to businesses and
consumers. It is essential to address challenges such as tax evasion, compliance
issues, and the impact on vulnerable populations to maximize the benefits of
GST and promote a fair and transparent tax regime. By leveraging technology,
promoting transparency, and providing adequate support to taxpayers,
governments can harness the full potential of GST to drive sustainable
development, foster economic resilience, and improve the overall tax system
for the benefit of all stakeholders.

34
 8. LEARNING OUTCOMES OF THE INTERNSHIP

My internship focused on studying the impact of Goods and Services Tax (GST) on
consumers has provide valuable learning outcomes. Understanding of the principles and
implementation of GST, along with its implications on consumer behavior. They will
develop research skills to analyze data, conduct surveys, and gather information related
to consumer responses to GST. This experience will also enhance data analysis and
interpretation skills to draw meaningful conclusions from the study. Communication
skills will be improved through interactions with consumers, industry experts, and
stakeholders to gather insights. Furthermore, it helps to gain knowledge of consumer
behavior theories and apply them to understand the impact of GST on purchasing
decisions. Critical thinking skills will be honed by evaluating the effectiveness of GST
policies in terms of consumer welfare. Presentation skills will be developed to
effectively communicate findings and recommendations based on the study. It also
build a deeper understanding of the economic implications of GST on consumer
spending patterns and market dynamics. Problem-solving abilities will be enhanced by
addressing challenges faced by consumers due to GST implementation. Lastly, increase
awareness of policy implications and potential areas for improvement in GST
regulations to better serve consumer interests.

35
 8. REFERENCES:

 Alok Pandey, D K Banwat; Innovations in financial system in India: remedy for

 growth of economy; Strategic Management & Technology Analysis
 Prabhat Patnaik;(2018) Title - Trends of State & Center relationships in India on
the Neo-Liberal policy; Studies in People’s History, 5, 1: 83–91
 Adhana, D. K. (2015). Goods and services tax (GST): A panacea for Indian
economy. International Journal of Engineering & Management Research, 5 (4),
332 – 338
 Chakraborty, P., & Rao, P. K. (2010, January 2). Goods and services tax in India:
An assessment of the base. Economic and Political Weekly, 45 (1), 49 – 54
 Garg, G. (2014). Basic concepts and features of goods and services tax in India.
International Journal of Scientific Research and Management (IJSRM), 2 (2),
542 – 549

Websites:

 [Link]
[Link]
 [Link]
NDIAN_ECONOMY
 [Link]
ummer-Internship-Project-Report-Gst&usg=AOvVaw2JrkjGCl1o-k-
rV3ya26cW&hl=en-IN
 [Link]
 [Link]
x8wW38qCe1YDmYvHIiLzhuNAvg/viewform?usp=sf_link
 [Link]

36
 9. ANNEXURES

Questionnaire:

1. Name

2. Gender:
 Male
 Female

3. Age:

 Below 20
 21-25
 26-32
 Above 40

4. Occupation:

 Wage worker
 Employee
 Student
 Business man
 Others

5. How familiar are you with GST?

 Very familiar
 Moderately familiar
 Slightly familiar
 Not familiar at all

37
6. How has the implementation of GST affected your monthly
expenses?

 Increased significantly
 Increased slightly
 Stayed the same
 Decreased slightly
 Decreased significantly

7. Have you noticed any changes in the availability of goods and

services post-GST implementation?

 More variety available

 Some items are harder to find
 No noticeable change

8. Do you feel that the prices of essential items like groceries,

medicines and household goods have become more affordable or
expensive after GST?

 More affordable
 More expensive
 No significant change

9. Have you encountered any issues in understanding the calculation

of GST while making purchase?

 Yes, faced challenges

 No, found it easy to understand
 Not sure

38
10. In your opinion, has GST led to a reduction in tax evasion and
black market transactions?

 Yes, reduced tax evasion

 No, no impact on tax evasion
 Not sure

11. Have you noticed any changes in the pricing strategies of business
post-GST implementation?

 More discount and promotions

 Price have increased across the board
 No significant change

12. How has GST impacted your purchasing decisions? Have you
changed your buying habits because of it?

 Yes, I have changed my buying decision

 No, I have not changed my buying decision
 Not sure

13. Have you noticed any impact of GST on the quality of customer
service provided by business?

 Improved customer service

 Decline in customer service
 No noticeable change

14. Has the overall shopping experience changed for you since GST
was introduced?

 More convenient
 More complicated

39
  No noticeable change

15. Overall, do you believe that GST has been beneficial for
consumers in terms of cost savings and transparency in transaction?

 Yes, beneficial
 No, not beneficial
 Not sure

40
41