International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews, Vol 4, no 5, pp 6423-6426, May 2023

International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews

Journal homepage: [Link] ISSN 2582-7421

Automatic Stairlight Control using Arduino

1
Siddharth Tripathi, 2Tanya Srivastava, 3Km Sapna, 4Smriti Singh, 5Mahesh Kumar Singh
1
UG Student, 2UG Student, 3UG Student, 4UG Student, 5Assistant Professor
1
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering,
1
Buddha Institute of Technology Gida, Gorakhpur, India

ABSTRACT :

The Smart Staircase system is a lighting control system where the lights are automated according to the presence of people using the staircase. It has been further
extended with a stoner interface on mobile bias. This stoner interface, in the form of an android operation will cover the status of the lights and be suitable to
modify the color and intensity of lights being used on the staircase. With this design, we will successfully produce a system where lighting control will be purely
grounded on mortal presence and hence barring the need for homemade switching. In order to apply this technology, we first need to survey the colorful styles
available for seeing data and controlling the lighting grounded on residency of the area. Likewise, the colorful styles and their perpetration has been bandied
about.

INTRODUCTION

The two biggest issues in today’s globe are electricity shading and power scarcity. The power shortage graph is rising quickly day by day. In this case,
the power wastage has a significant impact on the energy infrastructure. Power is wasted in a variety of ways, such as when people simply forget to turn
off the lights before leaving, and in some situations, power waste should be prevented by employing low-efficiency appliances. When movement is
detected, an automatic Lightning system will turn the lights ON: when motion is detected and, on the other hand, when no motion is detected, lights turn
OFF [1-2].
During this time, stair lighting (Figure 1) is required to Illuminate the passage away. Climb the stairs, caused by countless accidents. Too bad or no
lighting on the stairs,
Have experienced such accidents several times and inflicted permanent injury to people, including bone fracture. In some cases, resulting in permanent
disability, Property damage only the stair lighting should be on when needed. Of course, they are only needed to save energy and energy costs. Stair
lighting is very important from a safety point of view. Dark spots and shadows along the stair can pose a safety hazard. For this reason, it is
necessary in advance.
Installation of stair lighting system. Lighting glare built-ins and windows should be minimized. There is a difference classes of lighting schemes i.e.,
Direct lighting, indirect lighting illumination, semi-direct, semi-indirect, and general diffuse light systems. A well-constructed lighting scheme is the
right thing to do. Ensure proper lighting to avoid glare and discomfort shades and ensure a sufficiently even distribution of light. The entire working
plane (The raja and the raja 2002) of the traditional method of controlling stair light was used bi-directional circuit. Modern stair lighting exists as a
simple circuit using a Motion/Human detector, or automatically turn off/ on sensor/electrical system stair lighting, etc. Transistor, LED, Passive infrared
(PIR) sensors, etc.
Can be used to build an automatable light sensor on when motion is detected or off, when motion is not detected (Ayush,2015) [3].
The sensor itself is changed in quantity, event, or execute an action and generate a corresponding output signal. There are various types of sensors
including but not limited to: analog and digital sensors. Different types of sensors include Temperature sensor, Gas sensor, Fire sensor, Smoke sensor,
Pyroelectric sensor, Passive infrared (PIR) sensor, Infrared (IR) sensors, etc. With these sensors, Motion-controlled circuit Or power Switches
Detector Stair lighting system installed Automatically controlled, in contrast to the old Traditional methods uses a two-way line.

.
Figure 1. Dependent elements on safer stairs and steps
 International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews, Vol 4, no 5, pp 6423-6426, May 2023 6424

I have two classes of Sensor-based person detection for stairwells. Passive sensor and Active sensor using different technologies, detects the
movement of the atrium. Passive occupancy sensor or not. It dissipates energy, but reads the energy change stairwell. Active for the sensor to detect
movement he emits one of three types of energy. Stairs; infrared microwave radiation or sound waves (Safewise,2013). List of Active sensors used for
various automations.

LITERATURE SURVEY

Materials/Component used: Materials used in the construction of the sensor based human detector for lighting purpose on the stair-case is shown
in table1.
Table1. Table showing material used.

S/N Components Quantity Value

1. Arduino uno 1 At Mega 283P
2. 5pin Relay 8 12V
3. Ultrasonic Sensor 2 HC-SR04

4. LED 12 12V

5. Resistor 12 10K

6. Power Supply 2 5V, 12V

A block diagram is shown in Figure 2, respectively.

Figure 2. Block diagram of a sensor-based people detector forlighting.

Methods: DC power is supplied to the PIR sensor. If there is motion in the area of the sensor, 5V is given as Exit. Resistor connected between sensors
acts as a current limiting device. The transistor connects so that reverse current does not flow. The temperature difference is detected by a PIR sensor and the
outputis given to a transistor and then to a relay. The circuits work as a switch. Normally closed and he has two ports, normally open.
Relay ground is connected normally open to close the circuit, fluorescent lamps are. If there is no motion, there is no input to PIR. Since it is sensor, the
output is 0V and the common of therelay the circuit remains open because it remains connected tothe normally closed contact Fluorescent light.
Save power with this not used.
Circuit layout: Using listed components and circuit elements, sensor-based people detector for lighting built on stairs. These components first check
the workability by arranging them on a breadboard. Circuit layout of sensor-based people detector for lighting. The purpose of the stairs is shown in figure
3.
 International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews, Vol 4, no 5, pp 6423-6426, May 2023 6425

Fig 3. Circuit layout of the sensor based human detector forlighting purposes on the staircase.

In this construction sites used PIR sensors to detect people movement within a range of 2 meters. +DC voltage connector connected to the
positive (+V) supply voltage. The output pin is connected to the base of the transistor through a 1k resistor. The ground connection is connected to
circuit ground. The principle of operation is always there is body movement around the sensor and it detects the signal converted to an electrical
signal. This signal voltage is then applied to the base of the transistor lead. The Pir sensor has a variable resistor and you can change its value,
sensitivity, and range.
The PIR sensor is supported and Fresnel lenses, infrared detectors, and detection circuit. The sensor’s lens focuses the infrared light. Ambient
radiation/wavelengths towards infrared detectors. Provide a preliminary detection range of about 2m highly sensitive and generates infrared heat that is
detected by a motion sensor. Sensor output, a 5V signal for a period. Using sensor output (5V) it drives transistor BC547, then the transistor turns on a
7v SPDT relay. The relay will switch stairsaccordingly to case light ON.

Amplifying stage: Based on sensor structure human detector for stairwell lighting purposes, the amplifier stage uses the NPN transistor BC547. In
addition to amplifying the signal voltage, current and power performance, BJT-transistors can generally be used like this: A switch or a combination of
a switch and an amplifier. In this structure use NPN transistor BC547 signal amplification and switching. Its operation isto convert the electrical energy
from the PIR sensor and its bias to a transistor that conducts or saturates. If there is no signal from the PIR sensor, the transistor will switch and stay in
shutdown mode.

Q1
BC547
DIODE 1N4007
R1

1k
RELAY MODULE

Fig 4. Amplifying stage

The components listed below are included in PIR:

1. PIR motion detection.
2. Dual element sensor.
3. Adjustable delay time.
Standard TTL output
 International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews, Vol 4, no 5, pp 6423-6426, May 2023 6426

CONCLUSION

The Stair control lighting system designed for lighting purposes is one of the simplest and most effective [Link] energy saving in building
organization. Based on the PIR sensor object detector for lighting purposes in stairs System, Easy -to -connect, low-power , low-cost PIR sensor and
other components were used. Using this creates power Consumption that has decreased and finally it can be used in the car parking lot and street
lighting .

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We would like to thank to our faculties ,group members and our project guide who have contributed towards development of This project or work
.Finally ,we would also like to thank the electronics and communication engineering department and Buddha Institute of Technology for all facilities to
perform the Research .

REFERANCE

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[3]. Ayush (2015): “Simple motion sensor light PIR,Autodesk Inc (US) , Article [Link] ,cm/id/make -asimple-
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