Determination of Aluminum
“Eriochrome cyanine R: § dye method”
Principle:
Diluted solutions of Aluminum produce a red to pink complex with Eriochrome
cyanine R , which exhibits an absorption at 535 nm.
Eriochrome cyanine R
forms a blue color in
Complex formation with Al
Since a maximum absorption
Takes place at 535 nm
**The intensity of developed color influenced by:
1) Aluminum concentration
2) Reaction time
3) Temperature.
4) PH.
5) Alkalinity.
6) Concentration of other ions.
Reagents:
1) Stock Aluminum solution:
using KAl(SO4)2.12H2O as a source of Aluminum ion
3+
Prepare 500 mg/l Al as the following:
M wt of KAl (SO4)2.12H2O =39.7+27+2*96+ 12*18= 474.7
since 474 g of KAl (SO4)2.12H2O 27 g of Al
X -----------à 0.5 g Al
X = 0.5*474.7 /27 =8.791 g
Dissolve 8.791 g of KAl (SO4)2.12H2O in little amount of distillated water
and complete to 1 liter.
2) Eriochrome cyanine R: § dye
Preparation: Dissolve 150 mg in 50 ml distillated water
Add about 2 ml 1:1 acetic acid to adjust PH to 2.9
Complete to 100 ml with distillated water.
This dye solution stable for one year.
Function : uses for preparation working dye.
3) Working dye.
Preparation: Take 10 ml of dye stock and complete to 100 ml distillated water.
Stable for about 6 monthes.
Function: forms a blue color complex with Al3+ ion in acidic medium ,the color
intensity increase directly with concentration of Al3+ ion.
4) Buffer reagent:
Preparation: Dissolve 136 g sodium acetate in water + 40 ml 1N acetic acid
Then complete to 1 L.
Function: to adjust PH to 2.9 in which dye works.
5) Ascorbic acid:
Preparation: Dissolve 0.1 g of acid in 100 ml distillated water.
Function: prevents the interference of Fe , Mn ions thats commonly associate
the occurrence of Al3+ ions.
6) EDTA 0.01 M:
Preparation: Dissolve 3.7 g in 1 L distillated water.
Function: to remove any effective ion such as Fe , Mn, Al3+ ion from blank
sample
7) Sulfuric acid 0.02 N.
Function: to acidify the sample to the required PH.
Procedure:
1) Prepare a series of standers of Al3+ (from 0.01 mg/l to 0.3 mg/l) each
standard about 25 ml
We can use the standards 0.01, 0.05 , 0.1,15 , 0.2, 0.25 and 0.3 mg//l
The stock of Al3+ is 500 mg/l
Dilution low c1*v1=c2*v2
C1=500 mg/l
C2=0.01 mg/l
V2 =25 ml
500*v1= 0.01*25
V1=0.0005 ml
It's so far difficult to take this volume, so we can prepare an intermediate (100
ml) 5 mg/l standard as the following:
C1*v1=c2*v2
500*v1=5*100
V1=1 ml
Take 1 ml from the stock in 100 ml distillated water
Now let us prepare 25 ml 0.01 mg/l standard :
C1*v1=c2*v2
5*v1=0.01*25
V1= 0.05 ml
Also its difficult to take this volume so we will prepare an other intermediate (100 ml)
0.5 mg/l standard as the following:
C1*v1=c2*v2
5*v1=100*0.5
V1=10 ml.
Take 10 ml from 5 mg/l standard in 100 ml distillated water .
Now we sure that can prepare 25 ml 0.01 mg/l standard
C1*v1=c2*v2
0.5*v1=0.01*25
V1=1 ml
Take 1 ml from the last 0.5 mg/l standard in 25 ml distillated water .
Put your data in a table such as this
series concentration The ml taken in 25 ml The used intermediate standard
Total volume
1 0.01 1 0.5 mg/l
2 0.05 2.5
3 0.1 5
4 0.15 7.5
5 0.2 10
6 0.25 12.5
7 0.3 15
Note1 : there is no any a problem if you preferred to use the intermediate standard 5
mg/l beginning from 0.1 mg/l standard to the end of the series.
Note 2: this way of preparation of standards is selective, if you prefer other method
You can use it.
2) Add excess 1 ml sulfuric acid 0.02 N to standard sample or after the removing or
exceeding the alkalinity of the water sample.
3)add 1 ml ascorbic acid , 10 ml buffer reagent ,5 ml working dye and complete to 50
ml with distillated water
4)shake will and wait for 5-10 minutes.
5)the blank sample use either distillated water or 25 ml from the sample and add to
it 1 ml EDTA 0.01 M and then also do to it the steps from 2 -4.
6) Adjust the spectrophotometer on 535 nm since a maximum absorption at this
wavelength
7) Read the absorptions and draw a plot of the concentration against absorption
Written by Abu Alhassan Abd Alshafi
aboalhassan20082000@[Link]
aboalhassan20082000@[Link]
abo_alhassan2010@[Link]
