COURSE OUTLINE
STATISTICAL INFERENCE
Class BSECO - 04
Course MTS 202- Statistical Inference
Class # 71277 (MAV – 02)
Instructor Dr. Amir Bashir
Class details
Session Day(s) Mon/ Wed (08:30– 09:45) a.m.
Credit Hours 3 Credit Hours
Email abashir@[Link]
Counseling Hours Tuesday & Thursday (11:00 a.m. – 12:30 p.m.)
Office Location Room 228, Tabba Block (2nd Floor South Wing).
Course Description
This second course in Statistics aims at enhancing students’ understanding and competency in carrying out
quantitative analysis in business, economics, social sciences, and computer science. The course covers areas
such as sampling and sampling distributions, point and interval estimation, and tests of hypotheses based on
critical and p-value approaches. The parameters of interest are one and two population means, variances,
proportions, correlation, and regression parameters, etc. The purpose of inferential statistics is to test, deduce
and infer the validity of different types of hypotheses and models built on the basis of the raw data collected in
diverse problem situations.
BBA Program Learning Goals
1. Communication Skills
Students will become effective speakers, listeners, writers, and team members.
2. Knowledge of All Business Disciplines
Students will gain a broad-based understanding of a range of business disciplines.
3. Critical Thinking
Students will develop the ability to classify, analyze and evaluate the available data using appropriate techniques for
effective decision making.
4. Ethics
Students will have an awareness and understanding of ethical issues.
5. Global Mindset
Students will develop a focus on global connections with local contexts through awareness of diversity across cultures
and markets.
Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
1. Understand concepts, methods, and use of sampling distribution of sample mean and proportion. (PLO 302)
2. Compute and interpret interval estimates and conduct hypothesis tests of means, proportions and variance
to assess statistical and practical significance. (PLO 302)
3. Estimate and use simple and multiple regression to determine significance of relationship between one or
more variables in business context. (PLO 302)
4. Estimate, interpret and use logistic regression in prediction and marginal effect computation. (PLO 302)
5. Compute and use decision trees for regression and classification in business applications. (PLO 302)
6. Analyze categorical data using chi-square tests of independence and goodness of fit. (PLO 302)
AOL Assessment Mapping
PLO mapped: The course is mapped with BBA/BSAF PLO 302
Assessment Tool: AOL assessment not applicable
Course Learning Outcomes mapped to Program Learning Outcomes
Knowledge of
Communicatio
All Business Critical Thinking Ethics Global Mindset
Program Learning Goals n Skills
Disciplines
Course Learning
Outcomes
1 PLO302
2 PLO302
3 PLO302
4 PLO302
5 PLO302
6 PLO302
Textbook and Course Reading Material
Text and Reference Books:
1. Anderson, et al. (2020). Statistics for Business and Economics (14th Edition). South-Western Cengage Learning
(Main Text)
2. Weiss (2017). Introductory Statistics. (10th or latest edition) Addison-Wesley. (Weiss)
3. Newbold, Calrson and Thorne (2023). Statistics for Business and Economics (10th Edition). Pearson. (Newbold)
4. Moore, McCabe and Craige (2021). Introduction to the Practice of Statistics. (10 th Edition). WH Freeman and
Company. (Moore)
1
5. Keller, Gerld (2018). Statistics for management and economics. 11th Cengage Learning. (Keller)
6. Walpole, Myers and Myers and Ye (2012) Probability and Statistics for Engineers and Scientists (9th Edition).
Prentice Hall. (Walpole)
7. Bowerman, O’Connell, and Murphree (2017). Business statistics in practice: using data, modeling, and analytics
(Bowerman), McGraw-Hill
8. Camm, Cochran, Fry, and Ohlmann (2021). Business Analytics. Cengage. (Camm)
Tentative Teaching Plan
[Link]. Topics Chapter, Mapping to
Resources Course
Learning
Outcomes
1 [Link] and Statistic, Random Sampling. Sampling Weiss Ch7, CL01
error. Branches of Statistics. Descriptive and predictive Anderson Ch7,
analytics. Camm Ch1
2. Sampling distribution. Central Limit Theorem.
2 1. Computing probabilities using the CLT. Weiss Ch7, CL01
2. Sampling distribution of proportions. Anderson Ch7
3 1. Estimate, estimator, and estimation. Properties of good Weiss Ch8, CL02
point estimator, Point estimation & interval estimation, Anderson Ch7, 8
confidence coefficient & level of significance.
2. Confidence interval for population mean when σ2 is
known
4 1. Confidence interval for population mean when σ2 is Weiss Ch8, CL02
unknown Anderson Ch7, 8
2. Recap of CLT, sampling distribution and CI
5 [Link], Null & Alternative Hypotheses, Simple & Weiss Ch9, CL02
Composite Hypotheses, Level of Significance or Type-I Anderson Ch9
Error, Type-II Error, Test Statistic, Critical Region, One-
Tailed & Two-Tailed Tests,
2. P value approach to hypothesis testing
6 1. Hypothesis test for Population Mean when σ2 is Weiss Ch10, CL02
unknown Anderson Ch10
2. Confidence Interval for the Difference between
Population Means when σ12 and σ22 are Known, When σ12
and σ22 are Unknown
7 1. Hypothesis tests for the difference between Population Weiss Ch10, CL02
Means when σ12 and σ22 are Unknown Anderson Ch10
2. Hypothesis tests for difference between means for
paired samples.
8 1. Simple Linear Regression, Parameter estimation via Weiss Ch14, CL03
Least Square Anderson Ch14
2. Inference in regression. Correlation, its
measurement and properties
2
9 1. Multiple Regression: prediction and model evaluation Weiss Module A CL03
2. Incorporating qualitative independent variables in & Ch16,
regression Anderson Ch15
10 1. Logistic regression for binary dependent variable Anderson Ch15 CL04
2. Interpretation coefficients in terms of probability and
odds ratio
11 1. Analysis of residuals in regression Anderson Ch15 CL03
2. Using R for multiple and logistic regression Weiss Ch16,
Anderson Ch15. CL04
R handouts
12 1. Regression and classification trees. Interpretation and Weiss Ch16, CL03
prediction Anderson Ch15,
2. Introduction to Analysis of Variance (One way Camm Ch3
ANOVA)
13 1. Chi-Square Test for Goodness-of-Fit Weiss Ch13, CL06
2. Chi-Square Test for Independence of Attributes Anderson Ch12
14 1. Confidence Interval for Population Proportion and Weiss Ch12, CL03
Difference Between Population Proportions. Weiss 12,
2. Testing of Hypotheses for Population Proportion and Anderson Ch10
Difference Between Population Proportions.
*. For BBA programs the title is ‘Statistical Inference (with Econometrics Lab)’
**. Suggested to be conducted using software in computer lab for BBA
*Some sessions will be based on R software. Introduction to R will be provided in the course. Students can work on
their projects using R/Python/Excel as per their instructors advise.
In addition, students can learn topics from a variety of sources books websites, courses of other universities etc.
for example Penn State University has a nice course on Applied Statistics available at
[Link]
Prerequisite Skills and Knowledge to take this Course
Be comfortable with using technology for learning. Software: Python/R/Excel.
This course follows relative grading. Terminal exam is cumulative i.e., based on entire course.
Marks Distribution
Total Marks Total Marks Learning
Marks Head Total Exempted
Frequency /Frequency /Head Outcomes
CL01 through
Quizzes 4 1 5.0 15
CL06
Assignment 4 0 2.5 10 CL02, CL03
Mid Term Exam 1 0 25 25 CL01, CL02
CL03 through
Final Exam 1 0 50 50
CL06
Total Marks 100
(1) There will be 4 quizzes and the 3 best will be counted.
(2) Due dates for assignments need to be followed strictly.
3
Teaching and Innovation
- LMS/Sakai will be used to share reading material with the students. Grades will be posted on ERP.
- A demonstration of R software will be done in the class.
- Students should bring a calculator & textbook in the class.
- For discussions and course related queries please join the class WhatsApp group.
Experiential Learning Exposure(s)
• Collection of real data from listed companies and economy and statistical analysis including graphs plots, hypothesis
tests and regression using software.
Social Contribution / Impact
• Inculcating among the students an awareness of importance of real data and appropriate ways for their analysis
Academic Conduct
IBA policy
Attendance Policy
IBA policy
Plagiarism Policy
IBA policy
Withdrawal Policy
IBA policy
