Overview of National Service Training Program

LECTURE
MODULE 1
● College students, specifically males
I. The Origin and Developments of National Service ● Finish 2 years or 4 semesters of Military Training to be
Training Program reserved cadets of the national defense of the country
➢ Commonwealth Act No. 1
➢ Presidential Decree No. 1706 or National Only 33 colleges in 1941 offered ROTC, it was during World
Service Law War II when ROTC was stopped, the battle took place in
➢ Suspension of NSTP Bataan.
➢ Republic Act No. 7077
II. Republic Act No. 9163 or National Service Training PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO. 1706 OR NATIONAL SERVICE LAW
Program Act of 2001 August 8, 1980, the Commonwealth Act No. 1 was amended
III. The 1987 Constitution of The Republic of the to give existence to Presidential Decree No. 1706 or National
Philippines - Preamble Service Law.
➢ ARTICLE II - Section 4 & 13
IV. Republic Act No. 7077 Under the government of President Ferdinand Marcos.
V. Commonwealth Act No. 1
PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO. 1706
INTRODUCTION ● Mandates compulsory national service to all citizens of the
The National Training Service Program (NSTP) has been the country
response of the government to come up with a program that ● Composed of the three main component programs,
integrates all other previous acts that are aimed toward the namely:
development of citizens that have a concern for the society to ❖ Civic Welfare Service (CWTS)
where they belong. From the earliest predecessor of NSTP ❖ Law Enforcement Service (LES)
that was the Commonwealth Act no. 1 to RA 7077, the unifying ❖ Military Service
and constant factor was that of service to the country
whenever the need would arise. College students were given an option to choose one among
these components to comply as a requirement of tertiary
The three program components integrated into NSTP education.
particularly the program components Civic Welfare Training
Service (CWTS), Literacy Training Service (LTS), and Reserve
Officer Training Corps (ROTC) ensure that total human
development in the citizens is created and that the virtue of
patriotism and service is imparted in those who would undergo
any of the three program components. NSTP addresses the
need for the citizens that would be of service to their fellow SUSPENSION OF NSTP
men and in the process be of service to the country. After the ouster of President Marcos, implementation of the
National Service Law except the provisions of Military Service
THE ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENTS OF NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING was suspended by:
PROGRAM ● Presidential Memorandum Order No. 1
● Under the government of President Corazon C.
Started with the passage of Commonwealth Act No. 1 also Aquino
known as National Defense Act. ● It became Basic Reserve Officer Training Corps
(ROTC)

COMMONWEALTH ACT NO. 1 It was suspended because of the Mark Chua Issue, who was
An act to provide national defense of the Philippines penalizing framed by his brotherhood in ROTC and his body was found in
certain violations thereof appropriating funds therefore, and for Pasig River.
other purposes.
MARK WELSON CHUA
Under the government of President Manuel L. Quezon (1935). On March 18, 2001, a dead body was found wrapped in a
carpet and floating in the Pasig River.
COMMONWEALTH ACT NO. 1 REQUIRES:
The body was identified as Mark Welson Chua, 19 years old, ● Literacy Training Service (LTS)
Engineering student at University of Santo Tomas. ➢ Refers to the program component designed to train
students to teach literacy and numeracy skills to
He was reportedly a victim of illegal ROTC practices that led to school children, out-of-school youth, and other
a massive protest of the college students and concerned segments of society in need of their services.
parents against the ROTC program.
● Civic Welfare Training Service (CWTS)
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7077 ➢ Refers to program components or activities
In the year 1991, the Implementing Rules and Regulations of contributory to the general welfare and the betterment
Republic Act 7077 modified the: of life for the members of the community or the
● Basic ROTC Course to Expanded ROTC Program as enhancement of its facilities, especially those devoted
mandated to improving health, education, environment,
● The modification is composed of military subjects in entrepreneurship, safety, recreation and morals of the
the first year and any of the following components: citizenry.
MTS, CWTS, and LES in the second year curriculum.
● Program Component
Republic Act 7077 was signed last June 27, 1991. ➢ Refers to the service components of NSTP as defined
herein.
The main purpose of this program is to gather more
manpower. RULE III: PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION
● Section 4. Coverage
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9163 ● Section 5. Program Components
The act shall be known as the “National Service Training ● Section 6. Duration and Equivalent Course Unit
Program Act of 2001” ● Section 7. NSTP Offering in Higher and
Technical-Vocational Educational Institutions
An act establishing the NSTP for tertiary level students, ● Section 8. Management and Monitoring
amending for the purpose of the RA 7077 and PD 1706 and for
other purposes. RULE V: ORGANIZATION OF NSTP GRADUATE
● Section 11. Organization of NSTP Graduate
NSTP is designed to develop and enhance consciousness and
defense preparedness among the Filipino youth by developing RULE VI: TRANSITORY PROVISIONS
the ethics of service, nationalism, and patriotism while
● Section 12. Suspension of ROTC Requirement
undergoing training in any of its three program components.
● Section 13. Transitory Provisions
RULE I: GUIDING PRINCIPLES
RULE VII: MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
● Section 1. Guiding Principles
● Section 14. Information Dissemination
● Section 2. Role of the Youth
● Section 15. Amendatory Clause

THE 1987 CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES

RULE II: DEFINITION OF TERMS
Section 3. As used in this implementing rules and regulations PREAMBLE
(IRR) the following terms shall mean:
● National Service Training Program (NSTP) We, the sovereign Filipino people, imploring the aid of Almighty
➢ Refers to the program aimed at enhancing civic
God, in order to build a just and humane society, and establish
consciousness and defense preparedness in the a Government that shall embody our ideals and aspirations,
youth by developing the ethics of service and promote the common good, conserve and develop our
patriotism while undergoing training in any of its three patrimony, and secure to ourselves and our posterity, the
(3) program components. Its variety is specially blessings of independence and democracy under the rule of
designed to enhance the youth's active contribution to law and a regime of truth, justice, freedom, love, equality, and
the general welfare. peace, do ordain and promulgate this Constitution.

● Reserve Officers' Training Corps (ROTC) ARTICLE II OF THE 1987 CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE
➢ Refers to the program component institutionalized
PHILIPPINES
under Sections 38 and 39 of Republic Act No. 7077
designed to provide military training to tertiary level SECTION 4
students in order to motivate, train, organize and
● The prime duty of the Government is to serve and protect
mobilize them for national defense preparedness.
the people. The Government may call upon the people to
 defend the State and, in the fulfillment thereof, all citizens C. The national mobilization shall include the execution
may be required, under conditions provided by law, to of all measures necessary to pass from a peace to a
render personal military or civil service. war footing.
D. The civil authority shall always be supreme. The
SECTION 13 President of the Philippines as the
● The State recognizes the vital role of the youth in Commander-in-Chief of all military forces, shall be
nation-building and shall promote and protect their responsible that mobilization measures are prepared
physical, moral, spiritual, intellectual, and social at all times.
well-being. It shall inculcate in the youth patriotism and E. A national mobilization shall be ordered in any case of
nationalism, and encourage their involvement in public threatened or actual aggression.
and civic affairs. F. The national defense organization shall be adapted
as closely as possible to the territorial and
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7077 administrative organization of the Philippines.
An act providing for the development, administration, G. The mobilization plans of financial, industrial,
organization, training, maintenance and utilization of the citizen economic, social, intellectual, and moral forces and
armed forces of the armed forces of the Philippines and for resources of the Philippines shall conform to the
other purposes. provisions of the Constitution of the Philippines and
shall be prepared by the executive departments
Signed June 27, 1991. concerned in accordance with the following general
policies:
SECTION 1 1. The respective responsibilities of the
● Title.—This Act shall be known as the “Citizen Armed several executive departments in
Force or Armed Forces of the Philippines Reservist mobilization planning will be prescribed
Act.” by the President;
2. forces and resources shall be employed
SECTION 7 so as to secure unity and continuity of
effort until the threatened or actual
● Mission.—The mission of the Citizen Armed Force,
aggression to the Philippines has been
alternately referred to as the Reserve Force, is to provide
overcome.
the base for the expansion of the Armed Forces of the
H. No profit incident to war shall accrue to any individual,
Philippines in the event of war, invasion or rebellion; to
corporation, association or partnership.
assist in relief and rescue during disasters or calamities; to
assist in socioeconomic development; and to assist in the
operation and maintenance of essential government or
private utilities in the furtherance of overall mission.

COMMONWEALTH ACT NO. 1

An act to provide for the national defense of the Philippines,
penalizing certain violations thereof, appropriating funds
therefore, and for other purposes.

SECTION 1
● This Act shall be known as “The National Defense Act.”

SECTION 2
● The national defense policy of the Philippines shall be as
follows:
A. The preservation of the State is the obligation of every
citizen. The security of the Philippines and the
freedom, independence, and perpetual neutrality of
the Philippine Republic shall be guaranteed by the
employment of all citizens, without distinction of age
or sex, and all resources.
B. The employment of the nation’s citizens and
resources for national defense shall be affected by a
national mobilization.
 Article III Bill of Rights, Sec 1-22
The 1987 Constitution of The Republic of The Philippines
NSTP
5. Inspection is in the exercise of Police Power
SECTION 1 6. Searches made at the border or at the ports of entry
No person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without
due process of law, nor shall any person be denied the equal WHEN ARREST MAY BE MADE WITHOUT WARRANT
protection of the laws.
1. When, in the presence of the arresting officer, the
SECTION 1 TERMS person to be arrested has committed, is actually
committing or is attempting to commit an offense.
2 ASPECTS OF DUE PROCESS OF LAW 2. When an offense has in fact just been committed and
the arresting officer has personal knowledge of the
1. Procedural Due Process - method or manner by which facts.
the law is enforced. 3. When the person to be arrested is an escapee.
2. Substantive Due Process - the law itself is fair,
reasonable and just. SECTION 3
(1) The privacy of communication and correspondence shall be
EQUAL PROTECTION OF THE LAW inviolable except upon lawful order of the court, or when public
...all persons under like circumstances and conditions both in safety or order requires otherwise, as prescribed by law.
the privileges conferred and liabilities imposed should be
treated alike (2) Any evidence obtained in violation of this, or the preceding
section shall be inadmissible for any purpose in any
PROBABLE CAUSE proceeding.
● such facts and circumstances sufficient to induce a
cautious man to believe that a crime might have been SECTION 4
committed. No law shall be passed abridging the freedom of speech, of
expression, or of the press, or the right of the people
SECTION 2 peaceably to assemble and petition the government for redress
The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, of grievances.
papers, and effects against unreasonable searches and
seizures of whatever nature and for any purpose shall be SECTION 5
inviolable, and no search warrant or warrant of arrest shall No law shall be made respecting an establishment of religion
issue except upon probable cause to be determined personally or prohibiting the free exercise thereof. The free exercise and
by the judge after examination under oath or affirmation of the enjoyment of religious profession and worship, without
complainant and the witnesses he may produce, and discrimination or preference, shall forever be allowed. No
particularly describing the place to be searched and the religious test shall be required for the exercise of civil or
persons or things to be seized. political rights

SECTION 2 TERMS
SECTION 5 TERMS
SEARCH WARRANT
RELIGIOUS FREEDOM
● an order in writing issued by the court commanding a
peace officer to search for certain personal property. ● right to worship and to entertain such religious views
without dictation or interference by any person
WARRANT ARREST
2 ASPECTS OF RELIGIOUS PROFESSION & WORSHIP
● an order in writing issued by the court commanding a
1. Freedom to believe (absolute)
peace officer to arrest a person.
2. Freedom to act in accordance with such belief
(limited)

SECTION 6
The liberty of abode and of changing the same within the limits
INSTANCES WHEN SEARCH MAY BE MADE WITHOUT WARRANT
prescribed by law shall not be impaired except upon lawful
1. There is a consent or waiver order of the court. Neither shall the right to travel be impaired
2. Search is incidental to a lawful arrest except in the interest of national security, public safety, or
3. When forfeited goods are being transported by public health, as may be provided by law.
powerful ship or other automobiles
4. Plain View Doctrine
 SECTION 7 SECTION 11 TERMS
The right of the people to information on matters of public
concern shall be recognized. Access to official records, and to 3 REASONS FOR CONSTITUTIONAL SAFEGUARDS:
documents and papers pertaining to official acts, transactions,
or decisions, as well as to government research data used as A CRIMINAL CASE, AN UNEQUAL CONTEST.
basis for policy development, shall be afforded the citizen, ● Every criminal case is a contest between an individual and
subject to such limitations as may be provided by law. the government, thus, an unequal contest because the
parties are of unequal strength. To remedy the imbalance,
SECTION 8 the Constitution gives the accused several rights.
The right of the people, including those employed in the public
and private sectors, to form unions, associations, or societies CRIMINAL ACCUSATION, A VERY SERIOUS MATTER.
for purposes not contrary to law shall not be abridged. ● A man, accused of having committed a crime, may lose
his job or ruin his life, and therefore, he needs all possible
SECTION 9 opportunities to establish his innocence.
Private property shall not be taken for public use without just
compensation. PROTECTION OF INNOCENT, THE UNDERLYING PRINCIPLE.
● The purpose is to assure that truth will be discovered, and
SECTION 9 TERMS
that justice will be done. Under the Constitution, the
acquittal of the innocent is given preference rather than
POLICE POWER
conviction of the criminal.
● The power to regulate the use of liberty & property for the
promotion of public health, public morals, public safety, SECTION 12
and the general welfare and convenience of the people. (1) Any person under investigation for the commission of an
offense shall have the right to be informed of his right to remain
EMINENT DOMAIN silent and to have competent and independent counsel
● The power to take private property for public use upon preferably of his own choice. If the person cannot afford the
payment of just compensation. services of counsel, he must be provided with one. These
rights cannot be waived except in writing and in the presence
TAXATION of counsel.
● The power to impose charge on persons/properties for the
support of the government. (2) No torture, force, violence, threat, intimidation, or any other
means which vitiate the free will shall be used against him.
SECTION 10 Secret detention places, solitary, incommunicado, or other
similar forms of detention are prohibited.
No law impairing the obligation of contracts shall be passed.
(3) Any confession or admission obtained in violation of this, or
SECTION 10 TERMS Section 17 hereof shall be inadmissible in evidence against
him.
OBLIGATION OF A CONTRACT
● It is the law which binds the parties to perform their (4) The law shall provide for penal and civil sanctions for
agreement according to its terms provided it is not violations of this section as well as
contrary to law, morals, good customs, public order or compensation to and rehabilitation of victims of torture or
public policy similar practices, and their families.

PURPOSE OF NON-IMPAIRMENT SECTION 13

● It is to protect the creditors, to assure fulfillment of lawful All persons, except those charged with offenses punishable by
promises. Business problems would arise if contracts are reclusion perpetua when evidence of guilt is strong, shall,
not stable and binding. before conviction, be bailable by sufficient sureties, or be
released on recognizance as may be provided by law. The
SECTION 11 right to bail shall not be impaired even when the privilege of the
Free access to the courts and quasi-judicial bodies and writ of habeas corpus is suspended. Excessive bail shall not be
adequate legal assistance shall not be denied to any person by required.
reason of poverty.
SECTION 13 TERMS

BAIL
● The security (cash, property, recognizance) required by a
court & given for the temporary release of a person under
 the custody of the law conditioned upon his appearance the prosecution within reasonable diligence could prepare
before any court. for it.
● Impartial trial – implies an absence of bias in the trial of
EXCEPTIONS cases.
Those charged with offenses punishable by “reclusion ● Public trial - should permit anyone who wishes to attend
perpetua” (imprisonment for 20 years or more) when evidence hearings except in certain cases.
of guilt is strong (conduct a hearing)
TO MEET THE WITNESSES FACE TO FACE
NOTE: After the finality of judgment, no bail shall be allowed. ● to cross examine the witnesses and to test their
recollection and veracity
SECTION 14 ● to give the judge an opportunity to see the demeanor and
(1) No person shall be held to answer for a criminal offense appearance of witnesses while testifying
without due process of law.
COMPULSORY PRODUCTION OF WITNESSES AND EVIDENCE
(2) In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall be presumed
● “SUBPOENA” - an order that may be issued by the court
innocent until the contrary is proved and shall enjoy the right to
to compel the attendance of witnesses in order to testify
be heard by himself and counsel, to be informed of the nature
on behalf of the accused.
and cause of the accusation against him, to have a speedy,
impartial, and public trial, to meet the witnesses face to face,
SECTION 15
and to have compulsory process to secure the attendance of
The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be
witnesses and the production of evidence in his behalf.
suspended except in cases of invasion or rebellion when the
However, after arraignment, trial may proceed notwithstanding
public safety requires it.
the absence of the accused provided that he has been duly
notified and his failure to appear is unjustifiable.
SECTION 15 TERMS
SECTION 14 TERMS
WRIT OF HABEAS CORPUS
RIGHTS OF ACCUSED DURING TRIAL (6) ● a court order directing a person detaining another,
commanding him to produce the body of the prisoner and
TO BE PRESUMED INNOCENT show sufficient cause for holding in custody the person
detained.
● unless proven “guilty beyond reasonable doubt”
(amount of evidence required to convict a person)
PURPOSE:
● burden of proof is upon the prosecution
- To inquire about the manner of restraint or detention
● it is better to acquit a person upon the ground of
and to relieve the person if such restraint is illegal.
reasonable doubt even though he may in reality be guilty
than to inflict imprisonment on one who may be innocent.
PROCEDURE:
1. Prisoner files a petition to the proper court.
2. Court issues the writ.
3. Writ is sent to the custodian.
TO BE HEARD BY HIMSELF AND COUNSEL
4. Custodian produces the prisoner in court explaining
● From the arraignment to the promulgation of judgment. the cause of detention.
● “ARRAIGNMENT” 5. Judge decides whether detention is legal or not.
➢ a copy of the complaint is being read in the language
or dialect known to him, asking him whether he SECTION 16
pleads guilty or not guilty. All persons shall have the right to a speedy disposition of their
➢ It is at this stage that the accused for the first time is cases before all judicial, quasi-judicial, or administrative
granted the opportunity to know the precise charge bodies.
that confronts him.
SECTION 17
EXCEPTION: “TRIAL IN ABSENTIA”
No person shall be compelled to be a witness against himself.
TO BE INFORMED OF THE NATURE AND CAUSE OF THE ACCUSATION
AGAINST HIM
SECTION 17 TERMS
● so as to enable him to prepare his defense. ● Section 17 of Article III is known as the “RIGHT
AGAINST SELF INCRIMINATION”
TO HAVE A SPEEDY, IMPARTIAL AND PUBLIC TRIAL ● What is being protected here is the so-called
● Speedy trial – is a trial that can be held as soon as TESTIMONIAL SELF-INCRIMINATION only which
possible, after a person is indicted and within such time as means getting the evidence or testimony from the
accused’ own lips or from the accused’ handwriting.
 SECTION 18 SECTION 22
(1) No person shall be detained solely by reason of his political
beliefs and aspirations. No ex post facto law or bill of attainder shall be enacted.

(2) No involuntary servitude in any form shall exist except as a SECTION 22 TERMS
punishment for a crime whereof the party shall have been duly
convicted. EX POST FACTO LAW
● One which, operating retrospectively, deprives the
SECTION 18 TERMS accused of some protection or defense previously
available, to their disadvantage.
INVOLUNTARY SERVITUDE
● A compulsory service of one to another. BILL OF ATTAINDER
● Inflicts punishment without judicial trial, thus, a violation of
Purpose of prohibition: due process of law.
- Human dignity is not a merchandise for commercial
barters.

SECTION 19
(1) Excessive fines shall not be imposed, nor cruel, degrading THE 1987 CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE
or inhuman punishment inflicted. Neither shall the death PHILIPPINES –ARTICLE IV CITIZENSHIP
penalty be imposed, unless, for compelling reasons involving - Section 1. The following are citizens of the
heinous crimes, the Congress hereafter provides for it. Any Philippines:
death penalty already imposed shall be reduced to reclusion - [1] Those who are citizens of the Philippines
perpetua. at the time of the adoption of this
Constitution;
(2) The employment of physical, psychological, or degrading - [2] Those whose fathers or mothers are
punishment against any prisoner or detainee or the use of citizens of the Philippines;
substandard or inadequate penal facilities under subhuman - [3] Those born before January 17, 1973, of
conditions shall be dealt with by law. Filipino mothers, who elect Philippine
citizenship upon reaching the age of
SECTION 19 TERMS majority; and
- [4] Those who are naturalized in accordance
HEINOUS CRIME with law
● Offenses that are exceedingly bad or evil or those - Section 2. Natural-born citizens are those who are
committed with extreme cruelty as to shock the general citizens of the Philippines from birth without having to
moral sense such as rape, parricide, murder, robbery with perform any act to acquire or perfect their Philippine
homicide. citizenship. Those who elect Philippine citizenship in
accordance with paragraph (3), Section 1 hereof shall
SECTION 20 be deemed natural-born citizens.
- Section 3. Philippine citizenship may be lost or
No person shall be imprisoned for debt or non-payment of a reacquired in the manner provided by law.
poll tax. - Section 4. Citizens of the Philippines who marry
aliens shall retain their citizenship, unless by their act
SECTION 21 or omission, they are deemed, under the law, to have
No person shall be twice put in jeopardy of punishment for the renounced it.
same offense. If an act is punished by a law and an ordinance, - Section 5. Dual allegiance of citizens is inimical to the
conviction or acquittal under neither shall constitute a bar to national interest and shall be dealt with by law
another prosecution for the same act.
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 8491 AN ACT PRESCRIBING THE
SECTION 21 TERMS CODE OF THE NATIONAL FLAG, ANTHEM, MOTTO, COAT
OF-ARMS AND OTHER HERALDIC ITEMS AND DEVICES
DOUBLE JEOPARDY OF THE PHILIPPINES
● When a person is charged with an offense and the case is - Section 1. Short Title — This act shall be known as
terminated by acquittal or conviction, he will be charged the “Flag and Heraldic Code of the Philippines.”
again with the same offense. - Section 2. Declaration of Policy– Reverence and
respect shall at all times be accorded the flag, the
Purpose of Right Against Double Jeopardy: anthem and other national symbols which embody the
- Protection against the perils of a second punishment, national ideals and traditions, and which express the
as well as a second trial for the same offense. principles of sovereignty and national solidarity. The
 heraldic items and devices shall seek to manifest the Rizal Monument in Luneta, Manila; Aguinaldo Shrine
national virtues and to inculcate in the minds and in Kawit, Cavite; Barasoain Shrine in Malolos,
hearts of our people a just pride in their native land, Bulacan; the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, Libingan
fitting respect and affection for the national flag and ngmga Bayani; Mausuleo de los Beteranos dela
anthem, and the proper use of the national motto, Revolucion; all International Ports of Entry and all
coat-of-arms and other heraldic items and devices. other places as maybe designated by the Institute.
- Section 3. Definition of Terms — Whenever used in - The flag shall be properly illuminated at night
this Act, the term: - Section 7. The flag shall also be displayed in private
- “Military” shall mean all branches of the buildings and residences or raised in the open flag
Armed Forces of the Philippines including staffs in front of said buildings every April 9 (Araw ng
the Philippine National Police, the Bureau of Kagitingan); May 1 (Labor Day); May 28 (National
Jail Management and Penology, and the Flag Day) to June 12 (Independence Day); last
Bureau of Fire Protection; Sunday of August (National Heroes Day); November
- “Festoon” shall mean to hang in a curved 30 (Bonifacio Day); and December 30 (Rizal Day);
shape between two points as a decoration; and on such other days as may be declared by the
- “Flag” shall mean the Philippine National President and/or local chief executives.
Flag, unless stated otherwise; - The flag may also be displayed throughout
- “Fly” shall mean the part of the flag outside the year in private buildings or offices or
the hoist or length; raised in the open on flag-staffs in front of
- “Symbol” shall mean any conventional sign private buildings: Provided, that they observe
which reveals man’s achievement and flag-raising ceremonies in accordance with
heroism (for orders and decorations), the rules and regulations to be issued by the
identification, authority and a sign of dignity Office of the President.
(for coat-of-arms, logo and insignia); - Section 8. All government agencies and
- “Half-Mast” shall mean lowering the flag to instrumentalities, and local government offices,
one-half the distance between the top and government owned corporations and local
bottom of the staff government units are enjoined to observe flag day
- “Hoist” shall mean the part of the flag with appropriate ceremonies. Socio-civic groups,
nearest the staff or the canvass to which the non-government organizations and the private sector
halyard is attached; are exhorted to cooperate in making the celebrations
- “Inclement Weather” shall mean that a a success.
typhoon signal is raised in the locality; - Section 9. The flag shall be flown on merchant ships
- “National Anthem” shall mean the Philippine of Philippine registry of more than one thousand
National Anthem’ (1000) gross tons and on all naval vessels. On board
- “Official Residences” shall mean naval vessels, the flag shall be displayed on the
Malacañang, and other government-owned flagstaff at the stern when the ship is at anchor. The
structures where the President resides, and Flag shall be hoisted to the gaff at the after mast
other structures occupied by the Philippine when the ship is at sea.
Consulate or Embassies abroad; - Section 10. The flag, if flown from a flagpole, shall
- “Places of Frivolty” shall mean places of have its blue field on top in time of peace and the red
hilarity marked by or providing boisterous field on top in time of war; if in a hanging position, the
merriment or recreation; and blue field shall be to the right (left of the observer) in
- “Institute” shall mean the National Historical time of peace, and the red field to the right (left of the
Institute observer) in time of war. The flagpole staff must be
straight and slightly tapering at the top.
DESIGN OF THE NATIONAL FLAG - Section 11. If planted on the ground, the flagpole shall
- Section 4. The flag of the Philippines shall be blue, be at a prominent place and shall be of such height as
white and red with an eight-rayed golden-yellow sun would give the flag commanding position in relation to
and three five-pointed stars, as consecrated and the buildings in the vicinity. If attached to a building,
honored by the people. the flagpole shall be on top of its roof or anchored on
a sill projecting at an angle upward. If on stage or
HOISTING AND DISPLAY OF THE NATIONAL FLAG platform or government office, the flag shall be at the
- Section 5. The flag shall be displayed in all public left (facing the stage) or the left of the office upon
buildings, official residences public plazas, and entering.
institutions of learning everyday throughout the year. - Section 12. When the Philippine flag is flown with
- Section 6. The flag shall be permanently hoisted, day another flag, the flags, if both are national flags, must
and night throughout the year, in front of the following; be flown on separate staffs of the same height and
at Malacanang Palace; the Congress of the shall be of equal size. The Philippine flag shall be
Philippines building; Supreme Court building; the hoisted first and lowered last. If the other flag is not a
 national flag, it may be flown in the same line yard as regulations for the proper conduct of the flag
the Philippine flag but below the latter and it cannot ceremony.
be of greater size than the Philippine flag - Section 20. The observance of the flag ceremony in
- Section 13. When displayed with another flag, the official or civic gatherings shall be simple and dignified
Philippine flag shall be on the right of the other flag. If and shall include the playing or singing of the anthem
there is a line of other flags, the Philippine flag shall in its original Filipino lyrics and march tempo
be in the middle of the line. When carried in a parade - Section 21. During the flag-raising ceremony, the
with flags, which are not national flags, the Philippine assembly shall stand in formation racing the flag. At
flag shall be in front of the center of the line. the moment the first note of the anthem is heard,
- Section 14. A flag worn out through wear and tear everyone in the premises shall come to attention;
shall not be thrown away. It shall be solemnly burned moving vehicles shall stop. All persons present shall
to avoid misuse or desecration. The flag shall be :.ace their right palms over their chests, those with
replaced immediately when it begins to show signs of hats shall uncover, while those in military, scouting,
wear and tear. security guard, and citizens military training uniforms
- Section 15. The flag shall be raised at sunrise and shall give :.-.£ salute prescribed by their regulations,
lowered at sunset. It shall be on the mast at the start which salute shall be completed upon the last note of
of official’ office hours, shall remain flying throughout the anthem. The assembly shall sing the Philippine
the day national anthem, accompanied by a band, r available,
- Section 16. The flag may be displayed: and at the first note, the flag shall be raised briskly.
- Inside or outside-a building or on a stationary The same procedure shall be observed when the flag
flagpoles. If the flag is displayed indoors on a is passing in review or in parade.
flagpole, it shall be placed at the left of the - Section 22. During the flag lowering, the flag shall be
observer as one enters the room; lowered solemnly and slowly so that the flag shall be
- From the top of a flagpole, which shall be at down the mast at the sound of the last note of the
a prominent place or a commanding position anthem. Those in the assembly shall observe the
in relation to the surrounding buildings; same deportment or shall observe the same behavior
- From a staff projecting upward from the as for the flag-raising ceremony.
windowsill, canopy, balcony or facade of a
building. HALF MAST
- In a suspended position from a rope - Section 23. The flag shall be flown at half-mast as a
extending from a building to pole erected sign of mourning on all buildings and places where it
away from the building; is displayed, as provided for in this Act, on the day of
- Flat against the wall vertically with the sun official announcement of the death of any of the
and stars on top; and following officials:
- Hanging in a vertical position across a street, - The President or a former President, for ten
with the blue field pointing east, if the road is (10) days;
heading south or north, or pointing north if - The Vice-President, the Chief Justice, the
the road is heading east or west. The flag President of the Senate, and the Speaker of
shall not be raised when the weather is the House of Representatives, for seven (7)
inclement. If already raised, the flag shall not days; and
be lowered. - Other persons to be determined by the
- Section 17. The flag shall be hoisted to the top briskly Institute, for any period less than seven (7)
and lowered ceremoniously. The flag shall never days. The flag shall be flown at half-mast on
touch anything beneath it, such as the ground, flood, all the buildings and places where the
water or other objects. After being lowered, the flag decedent was holding office, on the day of
shall be handled and folded solemnly as part of the death until the day of interment of an
ceremony incumbent member of the Supreme Court,
the Cabinet, the Senate or the House of
CONDUCT OF FLAG RAISING CEREMONY Representatives, and such other persons as
- Section 18. All government offices and educational may be determined by the Institute. The flag
institutions shall henceforth observe the flag raising when flown at half-mast shall be first hoisted
ceremony every Monday morning and the flag to the peak for a moment then lowered to the
lowering ceremony every Friday afternoon. The half-mast position. The flag shall again be
ceremony shall be simple and dignified and shall raised briskly to the peak before it is lowered
include the playing or singing of the Philippine for the day
National Anthem.
- Section 19. The office of the President upon the CASKET
recommendation of the Institute shall issue rules and - Section 24. The flag may be used to cover the
caskets of the honored dead of the military, veterans
 of previous wars, national artists, and of civilians who design, color and craftmanship specifications
have rendered distinguished service to the nation, as by the Institute, through its Heraldry and
maybe determined by the local government unit Display Section, which shall stamp its
concerned. In such cases, the flag shall be placed approval or disapproval on the canvass
such that the white triangle shall be at the head and reinforcement of the flag sample submitted.
the blue portion shall cover the right side of the The samples shall be sent to the Institute by
caskets. The flag shall not be lowered to the grave or the requisitioning office, not by the flag
allowed to touch the ground, but shall be folded supplier; and
solemnly and handed over to the heirs of the - The Industrial Technology Development
deceased Institute (ITDI) or the Philippine Textile
Research Institute (PTRI) of the Department
of Science and Technology (DOST) shall
PLEDGE TO THE FLAG evaluate the quality of material of all flag
- Section 25. The following shall be the Pledge of samples and certify whether the fabric for the
Allegiance to the Philippine Flag: blue, white, red and golden yellow colors,
- Ako ay Filipino Buong katapatang including the canvass submitted, conforms to
nanunumpa Sa watawat ng Pilipinas At sa government requirement as to quality of the
bansang kanyang sinasagisag Na may material. The samples shall be submitted by
dangal, katarungan, at kalayaan Na the said office to the Institute
pinakikilos ng sambayanang Maka-Diyos, - Section 30. All deliveries of the flags requisitioned by
Makatao, Makakalikasan, at Makabansa. the government shall be inspected by the
- Such pledge shall be recited while standing requisitioning agency’s internal inspector and by the
with the right hand palm open raised Commission on Audit (COA) using the flag stamped
shoulder high. Individuals whose faith or approved by theInstitute as reference.
religious beliefs prohibit them from making - \Section 31. In carrying out its responsibilities under
such pledge must nonetheless show full Section 4 hereof, the Institute, COA, the ITDI/PTRI
respect when the pledge is being rendered shall prepare guidelines to be approved by the Office
by standing at attention of the President.
- Section 32. All government agencies and
FLAG DAYS instrumentalities shall ensure that the requirements
- Section 26. The period from May 28 to June 12 of under this Act with respect to the standards,
each year is declared as Flag Days, during which requisitions and delivery of the national flag are
period all offices, agencies and instrumentalities of strictly complied with.
government, business establishments, institutions of - Section 33. All departments, agencies, offices, and
learning and private homes are enjoined to display instrumentalities of the government, government
the flag. owned or controlled corporations, local government
units, including barangays, shall include in their
SPECIFICATION OF THE NATIONAL FLAG annual budgets the necessary outlay for the purchase
- Section 27. The flag shall have the following of the national flag
proportions. The width of the flag, 1; the length of the
flag, 2; and the sides of the white triangle, 1. PROHIBITED ACTS
- Section 28. The technical specifications shall be as - Section 34. It shall be prohibited
follows: - To mutilate, deface, defile, trample, on or
- The blue color shall bear Cable No. 80173; cast contempt any act or omission casting
the white color, Cable No. 80001 the red dishonor or ridicule upon the flag over its
color, Cable No. 80108; and the golden surface;
yellow, Cable No. 80068. - To dip the flag to any person or object by
- Section 29. In order to establish uniform criteria in the way of compliment or salute; c. To use the
making of our national flag and to guarantee its flag:
durability by the use of quality materials, the following - As a drapery, festoon, tablecloth
standards and procedures shall be observed: - As covering for ceilings, walls,
- All requisitions for the purchase of the statues or other objects;
Philippine National Flag must be based on - As a pennant in the hood,side, back
strict compliance with the design, color, and top of motor vehicles;
craftmanship and material requirements of - Asastaff or whip;
the Government. - For unveiling monuments or
- All submitted samples of flags by accredited statues; and
suppliers offered for purchase for
government use shall be evaluated as to
 - As Trademarks or for industrial, both, or reproduced by any means, the attending
commercial or agricultural labels or public shall sing the anthem. The singing must be
designs done with fervor.
- As a sign of respect, all persons shall stand at
PROHIBITED ACTS attention and face the Philippine flag, if there is one
- Section 34. It shall be prohibited displayed, and if there is none, they shall face the
- Display the flag: band or the conductor. At the first note, all persons
- Under any painting or picture; shall execute a salute by placing their right palms
- Horizontally face-up. It shall always over their left chests. Those in military, scouting,
be hoisted aloft and be allowed to citizen’s military training and security guard uniforms
fall freely; shall give the salute prescribed by their regulations.
- Below any platform; or The salute shall be completed upon the last note of
- In discotheques, cockpits, night and the anthem.
day clubs, casinos, gambling joints - The anthem shall not be played and sung for mere
and places of vice or where frivolity recreation, amusement or entertainment purposes
prevails. except on the following occasions:
- To wear the flag in whole or in part as a - International competitions where the
costume or uniform; Philippines is the host or has a
- To add any word, figure, mark, picture, representative;
design, drawings, advertisements, or imprint - Local competitions;
of any nature on the flag; - During “signing off” and “signing on” of radio
- To print, paint or attach representation of the broadcasting and television stations;
flag on handkerchiefs, napkins, cushions, - Before the initial and last screening of films
and other articles of merchandise; or before the opening of theater
- To display in public any foreign flag, except performances; and
in embassies and other diplomatic - Other occasions as may be allowed by the
establishments, and in offices of international Institute.
organizations. - Section 39. All officials and employees of the national
- To use, display or be part of any and local governments, and any agencies or
advertisement of infomercial; and instrumentalities thereof, including government-owned
- To display the flag in front of buildings or or controlled corporations, privately-owned entities of
offices occupied by aliens. offices displaying the national flag and government
institutions of learning are hereby directed to comply
CHAPTER II THE NATIONAL ANTHEM strictly with the rules prescribed for the rendition of the
- Section 35. The National Anthem is entitled Lupang anthem. Failure to observe the rules shall be a ground
Hinirang. for administrative discipline.
- Section 36. The National Anthem shall always be
sung in the national language within or without the THE NATIONAL MOTTO
country. The following shall be the lyrics of the - Section 40. The national Motto shall be
National Anthem “MAKA-DIYOS, MAKA-TAO, MAKAKALIKASAN AT
- Bayang magiliw, Perlas ng silanganan, Alab MAKABANSA.
ng puso Sa dibdib mo’y buhay. Lupang
hinirang, Duyan ka ng magiting, Sa NATIONAL COAT-OF-ARMS
manlulupig Di ka pasisiil. Sa dagat at - Section 41. The National Coat-of-Arms shall have:
bundok, Sa simoy at sa langit mong bughaw, - Paleways of two (2) pieces, azure and gules;
May dilag ang tula At awit sa paglayang a chief argent studded with three (3) mullets
minamahal. Ang kislap ng watawat mo’y equidistant from each other; and, in point of
Tagumpay na nagniningning; Ang bituin at honor, ovoid argent over all the sun
araw niya, Kailan pa ma’y di magdidilim. rayonnant with eight minor lesser rays.
Lupa ng araw, ng luwalhati’t pagsinta, Buhay Beneath shall be the scroll with the words
ay langit sa piling mo; Aming ligaya na ‘pag “REPUBLIKA NG PILIPINAS,” inscribed
may mang-aapi, Ang mamataynang dahil sa thereon
‘yo
- Section 37. The rendition of the National Anthem, THE GREAT SEAL
whether played or sung, shall be in accordance with - Section 42. The Great Seal shall be circular in form,
the musical arrangement and composition of Julian with the arms as described in the preceding section,
Felipe. but without the scroll and the inscription thereon.
- Section 38. When the National Anthem is played at a Surrounding the whole shall be a double marginal
public gathering, whether by a band or by singing or circle within which shall appear the words “Republika
 ng Pilipinas.” For the purpose of placing The Great Education shall ensure that the National Anthem, as
Seal, the color of the arms shall not be deemed adopted by law, shall be committed to memory by all
essential, but tincture representation must be used. students of both public and private educational
- The Great Seal shall bear the National Motto. institutions, and performed during the flag ceremony
- Section 43. The Great Seal shall be affixed to or conducted in accordance with the rules and
placed upon all commissions signed by the President regulations issued by the Office of the President. In
and upon such other official documents and papers of addition, they shall make available the vocal, piano or
the Republic of the Philippines as may be provided by band scores of the National Anthem, as adopted by
law, or as may be required by custom and usage. The law, to all private and public schools, as well as he
President shall have custody of the Great Seal general public.
- Section 50. Any person or judicial entity which
OFFICIAL SEALS AND OTHER HERALDIC ITEMS AND violates any of the provisions of this Act shall, upon
DEVICES conviction, be punished by a fine of not less than Five
- Section 44. Any government entity, including the thousand pesos (5,000.00) not more than Twenty
military, may adopt appropriate coat-of-arms, thousand pesos (P20,000.00), or by imprisonment for
administrative seals, logo, insignia, badges, patches, not more than one (1) year, or both such fine and
banners and initiate awards, citations, orders or imprisonment, at the discretion of the court: Provided,
decorations, as may be authorized by the Congress That for any second and additional offenses, both fine
or the Office of the President. and imprisonment shall always be imposed: Provided,
- Section 45. Such heraldic devices and items shall be That in case the violation is committed by ajuridical
filed with the Institute for recording and evaluation as person, its President or Chief Executive Officer
to precedence, design, customs and traditions. The thereof shall be liable
institute shall promulgate the corresponding rules and
regulations which shall be submitted for approval to COMMON PROVISION
the Office of the President or to Congress. - Section 51. The Institute shall issue the
- Section 46. All government offices including the necessary-rules and regulations to implement the
military are hereby ordered to purchase all heraldic provisions of this Act within ninety (90) days after
items and devices from manufacturers accredited and effectivity. The Institute shall submit its rules and
authorized by the Institute. Such items and devices regulations to the Office of the President and the
shall be subject to inspection by the purchasing Congress of the Philippines.
agency’s internal inspector and the COA - Section 52. The Institute shall also be responsible for
representative using the design and specifications the strict enforcement of the provision of this Act. It
approved by the Office of the President or by the may call upon any government department, agency,
Congress, through the Institute. office, or government instrumentality, including
- Section 47. No government official or employee shall government corporations and local government units,
accept any orders or decorations from any foreign for such assistance as it may deem necessary for the
government without the consent of Congress, and effective discharge of its functions under this Act.
without the prior evaluation and documentation of - Section 53. Separability Clause— If any provision, or
such order or decoration by the Institute part hereof, is held invalid or unconstitutional, the
remainder of this Act not otherwise affected shall be
PENALTIES valid and subsisting.
- Section 48. Failure or refusal to observe the - Section 54. Repealing Clause– Any law, presidential
provisions of this Act; and any violation of the decree or issuance, executive order, letter of
corresponding rules and regulations issued by the instruction, administrative order, rule and regulation
Office of the President shall, after proper notice and contrary to or inconsistent with the provisions of this
hearing, be penalized by public censure which shall Act is hereby repealed, modified, or amended
be published at least once in a newspaper of general accordingly.
circulation. - Section 55. Effectivity — This Act shall be effective
- The Department of Education, Culture and fifteen (15) days from the date of its publication in
Sports and the Commission on Higher Official Gazette or in at east two (2) newspapers of
Education, upon the recommendation of the general circulation.
Institute and after the proper notice and
hearing, shall cause the cancellation of the
recognition of permit of any private
educational institution which fails or refuses
to observe the provisions of this Act for the
second time
- SECTION 49. The Department of Education, Culture
and Sports (DECS) and the Commission on Higher
 SELF AWARENESS AND VALUES DEVELOPMENT Good Citizenship Values
- Love for God or Pagkamaka-Diyos
Self - Awareness - includes the following virtues and values:
- involves monitoring our stress, thoughts, emotions, Faith in the almighty, respect for life, order,
and beliefs. It is important, because it’s a major work, and concern for the family and future
mechanism influencing personal development (Davis, generations.
2019) - Love for Fellowmen or Pagkamaka-Tao
Building Self - Awareness - includes the following virtues and values:
- Walking, especially in the quiet of nature, can be love, freedom, peace, truth and justice.
useful in building self awareness. - Love for the Country or Pagkamaka-Bayan
- Practicing mindfulness can increase self-awareness. - includes these virtues and values: unity,
- Becomingagoodlistener can increase self-awareness. equality, respect for law and government,
- Self-awareness can open your mind to new patriotism and nationalism, and promotion of
perspectives. the common good.
- Self-awareness is connected to self-esteem. - Love for the Environment or Pagkamaka-Kalikasan
- Self-awareness can help you look at yourself - includes the following virtues: concern for the
objectively. environment, cleanliness, and nature–
- Journaling is a good way to become more self-aware. loving.
- Feedback from others can help you be more
self-aware. DRUG EDUCATION
- Self-awareness can help you know your strengths Drugs
and weaknesses. - are any substances or chemicals which when taken
- Self-awareness can help you set intentions. into the body either through nasal, oral, transdermal
or intravenous way have psychological, emotional and
Values behavioral effects on a person.
- individual beliefs that motivate people to act one way Drug of Abuse
or another. - are drugs commonly abused by users. (shabu,
- Loyalty marijuana, inhalants).
- Spirituality Drug dependence
- Humility - a cluster of physiological, behavioral, and cognitive
- Compassion phenomena of variable intensity which the use of a
- Honesty drug takes on a high priority thereby creating a strong
- Kindness desire to take the substance
- Integrity Drug Abuse
- Selflessness - is the use of a substance for non-medical purposes.
- Determination
- Generosity Experimenters
- Courage - people who abuse the drug(s) for experimental basis.
- Tolerance Occasional Users
- Trustworthiness - abuse the drug occasionally/whenever there are
- Equanimity special occasions. They abuse the drug once every
- Altruism two (2) weeks to two (2) times a week.
- Appreciation Regular Users
- Empathy - abuse the drug on a regular basis approximately three
- Toughness (3) to four (4) times a week or every other day.
- Self-Reliance Drug Dependents
- Attentiveness - people who tend to abuse the drug(s) everyday
(almost every day) or about five (5) to seven (7) times
Good Citizenship Values a week.
- “Good governance is not enough. Let us work on Mentally Ill Chemical Abuser/Substance Induced Psychosis
being good citizens. Let us translate the good - drug abusers who manifest signs and symptom of
citizenship values derived from the Preamble of the psychotic disorders caused by the effects of drugs
Constitution into concrete action in order to build our (hallucinations, disorientation, delusions, etc.
nation.”– Comm. Teresita D. Baltazar
Drug misuse
- is the use of a substance incoherent or inconsistent
with prescribed dosage or frequency of use.
Drug Tolerance - Disregarding of moral values and the deterioration of
- is the condition of the body to adapt to the the moral fiber of society (leading to prostitution,
effects of substances to the body thus pedophilia, child abuse, and other immoral acts)
requiring an even larger amount of the - A threat to national security
substance to experience the same
physiological and mental effect experienced Why do people turn to drugs?
when taking the smaller dosage - Peer pressure
- Curiosity
Effects of drug abuse - Adventure
- Feel good
Medical and Physical Deterioration - Escape from reality
- Respiratory - Easy access to drugs
- Digestive
- other health problems How can you stay away from drugs?
- Devote yourself to your studies and other productive
Personal Deterioration activities at home or in school
- Manipulativeness; - Stay away from people, places and events that
- negative attitudes; promote drug use
- selfishness; - Learn to manage feelings and cope with stress
- low frustration tolerance; without using drugs
- poor family relations; - Develop a strong moral and spiritual foundation
- no trustworthiness; - Educate yourself about the effects of drug abuse
- depression;
- absence of good manners and right conduct, among Drug treatment
others
Withdrawal Management
Mental Deterioration - Medical and psychological care of patients who are
- Loss of interest to productive activities; experiencing withdrawal symptoms as a result of
- Emotional immaturity; ceasing or reducing use of their drug of dependence.
- no initiative for self-improvement; Detoxification
- inability to concentrate; - The process of expelling toxins and substances from
- psychosis, among others. the body and suppressing withdrawal symptoms.
Rehabilitation Program
Spiritual Deterioration - Sets of medical or psychotherapeutic treatment for
- Drug abusers are godless; dependency on psychoactive substances such as
- no spiritual beliefs, alcohol, prescription drugs, and street drugs such as
- no spiritual obligations, nor religious responsibilities cocaine, heroin or amphetamines.
Out-Patient Treatment
Effects on the FAMILY - Drug dependency treatment where the patient is not
- Family members develop intense feelings of admitted to the hospital or facility.
humiliation and guilt Residential Rehabilitation
- Low Self esteem of family members - Treatment programs for substance dependency
- Spirit of togetherness and unity are broken provided for patients in residential settings.
- Domestic violence Follow-Up and Aftercare
- Loss of money or valuables - Support services for persons discharged from
hospitals and rehabilitation centers.
Effects on the COMMUNITY
- Increase in petty crimes within neighborhoods THE COMPREHENSIVE DANGEROUS DRUGS ACT OF
- Increase of drug dependents and drug pushers 2002
- Developing fear of drug users among residents, - Republic Act 9165, as also known as the
especially at night Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002.
- Neighborhood association and interaction is reduced - SEC 5- sale, administration, dispensation, delivery,
distribution and transportation of dangerous drugs
Effects on the SOCIETY - SEC 6–maintenance of den, dive or resort
- Increase in heinous and anti-social crimes - SEC 11–possession of dangerous drugs
- Overwhelming fear towards drug dependents, limiting - SEC 15–use of dangerous drugs
people’s movement especially at night - SEC 19–unlawful prescription of dangerous drugs
- SEC 36–authorized drug testing
- SEC 54– voluntary submission of a drug dependent to
confinement, rehabilitation
- SEC 60– confidentiality of records under the voluntary
submission
- SEC 61– compulsory confinement of a drug
dependent who refuses to apply under the voluntary
submission