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Radiation Errors in Temperature Measurement

This experiment aims to determine radiation errors in temperature measurement. The apparatus consists of a centrifugal fan, vertical duct, radiation unit with a heating element, and various thermocouples. Thermocouples of different materials are placed in the duct with and without radiation shielding. Temperature readings are recorded and the error percentage due to radiation is calculated for each thermocouple using a given formula. Observations and calculations are recorded in tables. The experiment aims to analyze how radiation affects temperature measurement based on thermocouple material properties.

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IMTIAZ AHMAD
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51 views4 pages

Radiation Errors in Temperature Measurement

This experiment aims to determine radiation errors in temperature measurement. The apparatus consists of a centrifugal fan, vertical duct, radiation unit with a heating element, and various thermocouples. Thermocouples of different materials are placed in the duct with and without radiation shielding. Temperature readings are recorded and the error percentage due to radiation is calculated for each thermocouple using a given formula. Observations and calculations are recorded in tables. The experiment aims to analyze how radiation affects temperature measurement based on thermocouple material properties.

Uploaded by

IMTIAZ AHMAD
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Experiment 06

Objective
To determine the radiation errors in temperature measurement

Apparatus

Figure 1 Radiation Errors in Temperature Measurement

The apparatus shown in Figure 01 consists of four important elements:


• Centrifugal Fan: It allows for generating the air current, forced or natural, required in order
to carry out an experiment. It is connected to the interface or console to regulate the air
flow.
• Vertical Duct: It is used to carry the air flow. The radiation unit is located at the upper side
of the duct, isolated from the exterior and from the walls of the duct. There is a temperature
sensor, at the lower side of the duct, to measure the inlet air temperature, an air flow sensor
to control the air flow and another temperature sensor, which measures the outlet air
temperature.
• The radiation unit has a horizontal cylinder made of conductive material and treated with
a layer resistant to high temperatures. It guarantees an emission next to the unit. It includes
a heating element.
• Thermocouple support cylinder and radiation shield. It is used to introduce the
thermocouples under study in the radiation unit.

Experimental Procedure
1. Check that the test thermocouple support is correctly located
2. Switch on the fan (AVE-1) setting a low air flow
3. Switch on the heating element (AR-1) and set the power to the maximum value
4. Wait for some minutes till the temperatures become stable
5. Obtain the reference temperature of the flowing air
6. Obtain the temperature indicated by each test thermocouple located inside the duct and
subjected to the radiation of the walls, recording the measurements in the table
7. Determine the measurement error (%), due to radiation, for each thermocouple by using
the expression below:

𝑆𝑇𝑖∗ − 𝑆𝑇(3)
𝐸𝑟. 𝑟𝑎𝑑(%) = × 100
𝑆𝑇(3)

Where
STi*: temperature of the test thermocouple subjected to radiation applying the systematic
error
ST(3): Temperature of the thermocouple defined as reference thermocouple
8. Not modifying the flow of air, lower the tubular case that protects the test
thermocouples from the radiation coming from the walls of the duct and repeat
the same previous steps, recording the data and results obtained in the tables

Observations and Calculations


Table 01: Test thermocouples subjected to radiation
a)

Inconel Stainless Steel Black Steel Ceramic


Reference Bare
Thermocouple Thermocouple Thermocouple Thermocouple
Temperature Thermocouple
Air Flow ST-4 ST-5 ST-6 ST-7
ST-2 ST-3
SC-1 (TXC/ERB) (TXC/ERB) (TXC/ERB) (TXC/ERB)
(TXC/ERB) (TXC/ERB)
ST-5 ST-6 ST-7 ST-8
ST-3 (TXC/ER) ST-4 (TXC/ER)
(TXC/ER) (TXC/ER) (TXC/ER) (TXC/ER)

m3/h 0
C 0
C 0
C 0
C 0
C 0
C

b)

Inconel Stainless Steel Black Steel Ceramic


Bare Thermocouple
Thermocouple Thermocouple Thermocouple Thermocouple
ST-3 (TXC/ERB)
ST-4 (TXC/ERB) ST-5 (TXC/ERB) ST-6 (TXC/ERB) ST-7 (TXC/ERB)
ST-4 (TXC/ER)
ST-5 (TXC/ER) ST-6 (TXC/ER) ST-7 (TXC/ER) ST-8 (TXC/ER)

0 0 0 0 0
C C C C C

Inconel Stainless Steel Black Steel Ceramic


Bare Thermocouple
Thermocouple Thermocouple Thermocouple Thermocouple
ST-3 (TXC/ERB)
ST-4 (TXC/ERB) ST-5 (TXC/ERB) ST-6 (TXC/ERB) ST-7 (TXC/ERB)
ST-4 (TXC/ER)
ST-5 (TXC/ER) ST-6 (TXC/ER) ST-7 (TXC/ER) ST-8 (TXC/ER)

Radiation Error (%) Radiation Error (%) Radiation Error (%) Radiation Error (%) Radiation Error (%)

Specimen Calculations
Discussion

Reg. No. Lab Performance (10) Lab Report (10) Viva Voce (10) Signature

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