Assignment 2 ES202
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RAZA ALIAssignment 2 ES202
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RAZA ALICommon questions
Powered by AITo determine if two random variables X and Y are independent, check if the joint distribution function can be written as the product of the marginal distributions of X and Y. For the joint distribution function f(x,y) = (9/(16(1+x+y))), calculate the marginal distributions by integrating f(x,y) over the possible values of the other variable. If f(x,y) = p(x)p(y) for all x, y, then X and Y are independent. In this case, they are not independent because f(x,y) cannot be expressed as a product of its marginals.
In a redundant system where at least 3 out of 5 components with individual reliability of 0.92 are needed to operate the system, calculate via binomial distribution: P(at least 3 working) = P(3) + P(4) + P(5), where P(k) is \( \binom{5}{k} (0.92)^k (0.08)^{5-k} \). The total probability sums to approximately 0.99546.
To ensure the validity of a probability density function, the integral over the entire space should equal 1. For the function \( f(x) = c/x^3 \) for \( x > 0 \), determine c by solving \( \int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{c}{x^3} dx = 1 \), leading to c = 2.
Given the joint distribution \( f(x,y) = (9/(16(1+x+y))) \) for x = 0, 1, 2… and y = 0, 1, 2…, to find the probability that fewer than four vehicles arrive, calculate P(X + Y < 4) by summing f(x,y) over the possible combinations of x and y such that x + y < 4. The calculated probability is \( \sum f(x,y), (x+y < 4) = 1 - 0.3906 = 0.6094 \).
To find the probability that the Turkish tobacco accounts for over half the blend, integrate the joint density function f(x,y) over the region where x > 1/2. The joint density function is given by f(x,y) = 24xy for 0 <= x <= 1 and 0 <= y <= 1 - x. Integrating over the required region, the probability is calculated by: P(X > 0.5) = \int_{0.5}^{1}\int_{0}^{1-x} 24xy \, dy \, dx = \frac{3}{8}.
For a series system with components operating independently, the probability that the system works is the product of the individual probabilities of each component operating. Given P(Component 1) = 0.95, P(Component 2) = 0.99, P(Component 3) = 0.92, the system's operational probability is 0.95 * 0.99 * 0.92 = 0.8649.
Given the density function \( f(y) = 9y^8 \) for 0 ≤ y ≤ 1, a batch is considered not acceptable if impurities > 0.6. Compute the probability P(Y > 0.6) = \( \int_{0.6}^{1} 9y^8 dy \), which evaluates to approximately 0.0564 or 5.64% of batches are not acceptable.
Given the cumulative distribution function F(x) with discrete values for ranges 1 ≤ x < 3, 3 ≤ x < 5, 5 ≤ x < 7, and x ≥ 7 as 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0 respectively, the probability mass function is computed by determining the increments: P(X = 1) = F(3) - F(1) = 0.4; P(X = 3) = F(5) - F(3) = 0.2; P(X = 5) = F(7) - F(5) = 0.2; P(X = 7) = 1 - F(7) = 0.2.
For a parallel system where the system fails only if all four components fail, calculate the probability of system success by finding the probability that at least one component works: \( 1 - (0.05 * 0.06 * 0.10 * 0.03) \), which results in approximately 0.999982 or a 99.9982% chance the system works.
Given the shelf life density function \( f(y) = 1/2 e^{-y/2} \) for y ≥ 0, a loaf is sellable after 3 days if 0 ≤ y ≤ 3. Calculate the fraction by integrating the density function from 3 to infinity, yielding \( P(Y > 3) = \int_{3}^{\infty} \frac{1}{2} e^{-y/2} dy = e^{-3/2} \approx 0.2231 \), meaning approximately 22.31% of loaves are sellable after 3 days.
