LESSON 1:

RA 9163 THE NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM ACT OF 2001

What is NSTP?
- The National Service Training Program Law or RA 9163 also known as “An Act
Establishing the National Service Training Program (NSTP) for tertiary level students,
amending for the purpose of Republic Act. No 7077 Presidential Decree No. 1706 and
for other purpose” was enacted last January 2022 to amend the Expanded ROTC.
- Signed by former President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo on January 23, 2002
- Effectivity March 23, 2002

Republic Act No. 7077 – Citizen Armed Force or AFP Reservist Act of 1991
- The state shall maintain a regular force in times of peace, which can be rapidly expanded
by a Citizen Armed Force in the event of war, invasion, or rebellion.

Presidential Decree No. 1706 – National Service Law

- It made the national service obligatory for all Filipino citizens and specified three
categories of National Service: civil welfare service, law enforcement service and military
service.

The Implementing Rules and Regulations of RA 9163 Series of 2021

Program Implementers
- Commission of Higher Education
- Technical Education and Skills Development Authority
- Department of National Defense
In coordination with DENR, DOH, DDB, PDEA, NDRRC, DILG, AFP, EPPC

In Consultation with…
- Philippine Association of Slate Universities and colleges
- Coordinating Council of Private Education Associations of the Philippines
- Non- Government Organization
- Recognized Student Organizations

Guiding Principles:
Section 1 – Responsibility of all Citizens
- While it is the prime duty of the government to serve and protect its people, the Constitution
also provides that it shall be the responsibility of all citizens to defend the security and
 promote the general welfare of the state. In fulfillment thereof, the government may require
each citizen to render personal, military, or civil service.

Section 2 – Role of Youth

- The state shall promote civic consciousness and defense preparedness among them, and
shall develop their physical, moral, spiritual, intellectual, and social well-being. It shall
inculcate the ideas of patriotism, nationalism, and advance their involvement in public and
civic affairs.

National Service Training Program

- This program aimed to enhance civic consciousness and defense preparedness in the youth
by developing the ethics of service ad patriotism while undergoing training in any of its
three (3) programs component, specifically designed to enhance to youth’s active
contribution to the general welfare.

Three Program Components

Reserve Officers Training love's (ROTC)
-Institutionalized under Section 38 and 39 of R. A 7077
-Designed to provide military training to motivate and train. organize and mobilize them for
national defense preparedness

Civic Welfare Training Service (CWTS)

- Contributory to the general welfare and the betterment of life for the members of the community
or the enhancement of its facilities, especially those devoted to improving health, education
environment, entrepreneur ship, safety, recreation and moral of the citizenry and other social
welfare services.

Literacy training Service

-Designed to train the students to became teachers of literacy and numeracy skills. Focuses on
school children, but on school youth and other segments of society in need of their services.

Program Implementation: Coverage

a. Incoming first year level students of any baccalaureate degree program or at least two (2) year
TVET Programs in public and private educational institutions and enterprises shall be required
to complete one (1) year of the NSTP components as a requisite for graduation, in accordance
with RA9163.

Program Implementation: Coverage

Exceptions:
 - a.1. Students who have completed their NSTP requirement will finish a graduate from a
baccalaureate degree or two (2) your TVET program and pursuing or enrolled in another or
additional baccalaureate degree or TVET.
- a. 2. Students who completed any of the three (3) NSTP components but have transferred or
shifted to another academic course or educational institution.
- a. 3. Pursuant to Section 16 (2) of RA 10742, SK Reform Act of 2015, & Joint Memorandum
Circular NO. 1 s. 2019 all SK officials who COMPLY with the prescribed requirements and
in good standing. Whether appointed or elected shall during their incumbency, be excepted
from taking the NITP - CWTS subjects.
- Further, as stipulated in Section 16 (2) OF RA 10742 the concerned SK officials shall submit
written reports, preferably with photographs, or documentations of their participation in the
implementation of programs projects and activities as outlined in the comprehensive Barangay
Investment Program.
- a. 4. Foreign students or aliens.

Program Implementation: Sec. 4. Coverage

b. ALL HEI's including SUC's, and TUI's must offer at least one NSTP component
c. Students enrolled in the first semester of their first year shall undergo a common module phase
for 25 hours training period. Subjects covered are citizenship training drug education disaster
risk reduction and management (DRRM), environmental protection and other national
security by concerns.
d. All PHEI’S, and TVL's offering the ROTC program component with at least 350 ROTC
cadets, must establish or maintain a Department of Military Science and Tactics (DMJT),
subject to existing rules and regulations.
- The Philippine Military Academy (PMA)
- Philippine Merchant Marine Academy (PMMA)
- Philippine National Police Academy (PNPA) &
- Maritime Academy of Asia and the Pacific (MAAP) are exempted from the NSTP.

Duration and Equivalent Course Unit

- Each of the NSTP components shall be undertaken for an academic period of two (2) semesters.
It shall be credited to three (3) units per semester for 54 to 90 training hours per semester.
- One summer Program (OSP) in live of the two-semester program may be designed, formulate,
and adopted by the DND, CHED and TESDA subject to the capability of the school and the AFP
to handle the same.

Organization of Graduates

Graduates of the Non - ROTC Components

National Service Reserve Corps

Tapped by the state for Literacy and Civic Welfare activities through joint efforts and DND,
CHED, TESDA In coordination with DILG and DSWD.

Organization of Graduates

Graduates of the ROTC Components

Citizen armed Forces/ Reservist

Pursuant to RA 7077

Subject to the requirements of DND

The NSTP Dimensions of Development/ Pillars of NSTP

Safety and Security - It involves disaster preparedness during fire, earthquake or other calamity
that needs immediate response from any trained civilians during emergency situations.

Educations- This area involves enhancement of institutional support materials and facilities for
the community and school such as providing materials containing basic literacy skills for pre.
schoolers, alternative learning system for out-of- school youths and adults.

Recreation - This area involves sports, fests, parlor games for street children and painting that
enrich youth’s capacities to relate with one another in the community.

Values Formation and Moral Recovery - This involves the development of youth to the good
leaders, responsible individuals imbued with good moral values and active agent development of
the community.

Industry and entrepreneurship - This area includes programs and activities that are vital to
economic growth. NSTP students demonstrate technical skills in communities like meat
processing, silk screen making and how to establish small business
Care and Health - This area aims to give knowledge on medical - related fields and extend health
service needed in the community. It includes medical services like first - aid operation vaccination,
into dissemination basic lifesaving seminars health/nutrition technical assistance and training of
youth to be first aid assistants.

Environment - This area includes environmental awareness and its contribution to health and
related fields. It involves management of waste environmental protection dissemination and
application of technologies supportive of the community needs and livelihood activities related to
environment & other related fields supportive of the national thrust.

LESSON 2:

ARTICLE 3 OF 1987 CINSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES

ARTICLE III
BILL OF RIGHTS

Section 1. - No person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law,
nor shall any person be denied the equal protection of the laws.

Section 2. - The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects
against unreasonable searches and seizures of whatever nature and for any purpose shall be
inviolable, and no search warrant or warrant of arrest shall issue except upon probable cause to be
determined personally by the judge after examination under oath or affirmation of the complainant
and the witnesses he may produce, and particularly describing the place to be searched and the
persons or things to be seized.

Section 3 – (1) The privacy of communication and correspondence shall be inviolable except upon
lawful order of the court, or when public safety or order requires otherwise, as prescribed by law.
- (2) Any evidence obtained in violation of this, or the preceding section shall be inadmissible for
any purpose in any proceeding.

Section 4. - No law shall be passed abridging the freedom of speech, of expression, or of the press,
or the right of the people peaceably to assemble and petition the government for redress of
grievances.

Section 5. - No law shall be made respecting an establishment of religion or prohibiting the free
exercise thereof. The free exercise and enjoyment of religious profession and worship, without
discrimination or preference, shall forever be allowed. No religious test shall be required for the
exercise of civil or political rights.
Section 6. - The liberty of abode and of changing the same within the limits prescribed by law
shall not be impaired except upon lawful order of the court. Neither shall the right to travel be
impaired except in the interest of national security, public safety, or public health, as may be
provided by law.

Section 7. - The right of the people to information on matters of public concern shall be recognized.
Access to official records, and to documents and papers pertaining to official acts, transactions, or
decisions, as well as to government research data used as basis for policy development, shall be
afforded the citizen, subject to such limitations as may be provided by law.

Section 8. - The right of the people, including those employed in the public and private sectors,
to form unions, associations, or societies for purposes not contrary to law shall not be abridged.

Section 9. - Private property shall not be taken for public use without just compensation.

Section 10. - No law impairing the obligation of contracts shall be passed.

Section 11. - Free access to the courts and quasi-judicial bodies and adequate legal assistance shall
not be denied to any person by reason of poverty.

Section 12.

- (1) Any person under investigation for the commission of an offense shall have the right to
be informed of his right to remain silent and to have competent and independent counsel
preferably of his own choice. If the person cannot afford the services of counsel, he must
be provided with one. These rights cannot be waived except in writing and in the presence
of counsel.
- (2) No torture, force, violence, threat, intimidation, or any other means which vitiate the
free will shall be used against him. Secret detention places, solitary, incommunicado, or
other similar forms of detention are prohibited.
- (3) Any confession or admission obtained in violation of this or Section 17 hereof shall be
inadmissible in evidence against him.
- (4) The law shall provide for penal and civil sanctions for violations of this section as well
as compensation to and rehabilitation of victims of torture or similar practices, and their
families.

Section 13. - All persons, except those charged with offenses punishable by reclusion Perpetua
when evidence of guilt is strong, shall, before conviction, be bailable by sufficient sureties, or be
released on recognizance as may be provided by law. The right to bail shall not be impaired even
when the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus is suspended. Excessive bail shall not be required.

Section 14.

- (1) No person shall be held to answer for a criminal offense without due process of law.
- (2) In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall be presumed innocent until the contrary is
proved, and shall enjoy the right to be heard by himself and counsel, to be informed of the nature
and cause of the accusation against him, to have a speedy, impartial, and public trial, to meet the
witnesses face to face, and to have compulsory process to secure the attendance of witnesses and
the production of evidence in his behalf. However, after arraignment, trial may proceed
notwithstanding the absence of the accused provided that he has been duly notified and his failure
to appear is unjustifiable.

Section 15. - The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended except in cases of
invasion or rebellion when the public safety requires it.

Section 16. - All persons shall have the right to a speedy disposition of their cases before all
judicial, quasi-judicial, or administrative bodies.

Section 17. - No person shall be compelled to be a witness against himself.

Section 18.

- (1) No person shall be detained solely by reason of his political beliefs and aspirations.

- (2) No involuntary servitude in any form shall exist except as a punishment for a crime whereof
the party shall have been duly convicted.

Section 19.

- (1) Excessive fines shall not be imposed, nor cruel, degrading or inhuman punishment inflicted.
Neither shall the death penalty be imposed, unless, for compelling reasons involving heinous
crimes, the Congress hereafter provides for it. Any death penalty already imposed shall be reduced
to reclusion Perpetua.

- (2) The employment of physical, psychological, or degrading punishment against any prisoner
or detainee or the use of substandard or inadequate penal facilities under subhuman conditions
shall be dealt with by law.

Section 20. - No person shall be imprisoned for debt or non-payment of a poll tax.

Section 21. - No person shall be twice put in jeopardy of punishment for the same offense. If an
act is punished by a law and an ordinance, conviction, or acquittal under either shall constitute a
bar to another prosecution for the same act.

Section 22. - No ex post facto law or bill of attainder shall be enacted.

LESSON 3:
Salient Features of RA 8491:
Flag and Heraldic Code of the Philippines

Signed into law by former late President Fidel Valdez Ramos on February 12, 1998
Full Title:
An act prescribing the code of the National Flag, Anthem, Motte coat of Arms and other
Heraldic Items and Devices of the Philippines.

Section 1. Short Title

- “Flag and Heraldic Code of the Philippines”
Section 2.
- Declaration of Policy - Reverence and respect shall at all times be accorded the flag, the
anthem and other national symbols which embody the national ideas and traditions, and
which express the principles of sovereignty and national solidarity. The heraldic items and
devices shall seek to manifest the national virtues and to inculcate in the minds and hearts
of our people a just pride in their native land, fitting respect and affection for the national
flag and anthems and the proper use of the national motto, coat of arms and other heraldic
items and devices.
Section 3. Definition of Terms
- a. ‘Military’ shall mean all branches of the Armed Forces of the Philippines including the
Philippine National police, the Bureau of Jail management and Penology, and the Bureau
of Fire Protection.

- b. ‘Festoon’ shall mean to hang in a curved shape between two points as a declaration.

- c. ‘Flag’ shall mean the Philippine National Flag, unless stated otherwise.

- d. ‘Fly’ shall mean the part of the flag outside the hoist or length.

- e. ‘Symbol’ shall mean any conventional sign which reveals man’s achievement and
heroism (for orders and decorations), identification authority and a sign of dignity (for coat
of arms, loge and insignia).
 - f. ‘Half- mast’ shall mean lowering the flag to one half the distance between the top and
bottom of the staff.

- g. ‘Hoist’ shall mean the part of the flag nearest the staff of the canvass to which the halyard
is attached.

- h. ‘Inclement weather’ shall mean that a typhoon signal is raised in the locality

- i. ‘National Anthem’ shall mean the Philippine National Anthem

- j. ‘Official Residence’ shall mean Malacañang, and other government- owned structures
where the president resides, and other structures occupied by the Philippine Consulate or
Embassies abroad.

- k. ‘Places of Frivolity’ shall mean places of hilarity worked by or providing boisterous

merriment or recreation, and (like disco, casino, sabungan)

- l. ‘Institute’ shall mean the National Historical Institute

Chapter I:
The National Flag
A. Design of the National Flag
Section 4. - The flag of the Philippines shall be blue, white, and red with an eight - rayed golden
yellow sun and three five - pointer stars, as consecrated and honored by the people.

B. Hoisting and Display of the National Flag

Section 5. - The flag Shall be displayed in all public buildings. official residence public plazas,
and institutions of learning every day throughout the year.
Section 6. - The flag shall be permanently hoisted, day and night throughout the year. in front of
the following.
- Malacañang Palace
- Congress the Philippines
- Rizal monument in Luneta
- Aguinaldo Shrine
- Supreme Court Building
- Barasoain Shrine
- Tomb of Unknown Soldier
- Libingan ng mga Bayani
 And all International Ports of Entry and all other places as may be designated by the
Institute.
The Flag shall be properly illuminated of night.
Section 7. - The flag shall also be displayed in private buildings and residences or raised in the
open flag - stater in front of said buildings every.

April 9 (Araw ng Kagitingan)

May 1 (Labor Day)
May 28 (National Flag Day)
Last Sunday of August (National Heroes Day) to June 12 (Independence Day)
November 30 (Bonifacio Day)
December 30 (Rizal Day)
and on such other days as may be declared by the President and by local chief executives.
The flag may also be displayed throughout the year in private buildings or offices or raised in the
open on flag staff in front of private buildings.
Provided, that they observe flag- raising ceremonies in accordance with me rules and regulations
to be issued by the office of the president.
Section 8. - All government agencies and instrumentalities, and local government offices,
government - owned corporations and local government units are enjoined to observe flag day
with appropriate ceremonies. Socio - civic groups, non - government organizations and the private
sector are exhorted to cooperate-- in making the celebrations a success.
Section 9.
- The flag shall be flown on merchant ships of Philippine registry of more than one thousand
(1000) gross tans and on all naval vessels.
- On board naval vessels, the flag shall be displayed on the flagstaff If the stern when the
ship is at anchor. The flag shall be hoisted to the gaff at the after mast when the ship is at
sea.
- On all aircraft to Philippine registry, the National Flag shall be prominently displayed
horizontally on its fuselage with the hoist side pointing the forward direction.
Section10. - The flag, if flown from a flagpole, shall have its blue field on top in time of peace,
and the red field on tap of time of war, if in a hanging position, the blue field shall be to the right
(left of the observer) in time of peace, and the red field to the right (left of the observer) in time of
war.
Section 11.
- If planted on the ground, the flagpole shall be at a prominent place and shall be of such
heigh as would give the flag a commanding position in relation to the buildings in the
vicinity.
- If attached to a building, the flagpole shall be on top of its roof or anchored on a sill
projecting at an angle upward.
- If a stage or platform or government office, the flag shall be at the left (facing the stage) or
the left of the office upon entering.
- The flagpole must not be equal height or higher than the Independence Flagpole at the
Rizal Park in manila (107 feet in height)
Section 12.
- When the Philippine Flag is flown with another flag, the flags if both are national flags,
must be flown a separate staff of the same height and shall be of equal rise. me Philippine
flag shall be hoisted first and lowered last.
- If the other flag is not a national flag, it may be flown in the same lanyard as the Philippine
flag but below the latter and it cannot be of greater size than the Philippine flag
Section 13.
- When displayed with another flag, the Philippine flag shall he or the right of the other flag.
If there is a line of other flags, the Philippine flag shall be in the middle of the line.
- When carried in a parade with flags, which are not national flags the Philippine flag shall
be in front of the center of the line.

Section14. - A flag worn out through wear and tear shall not be thrown away. It shall be
solemnly burned to avoid misuse or desecration. The flag shall be replaced mediately when it
begins to show signs of wear and fear.

Section 15.
- The flag shall be raised at sunrise and lowered at sunset. It shall be on the mast at the start
of official office hours, shall remain flying throughout the day.
- The flag shall not be raised when the weather is inclement. If already raised, the flag shall
not be lowered.

Section 16. The flag may be displayed.

- a.) Inside or outside A building or on a stationary flagpole. If the flag is displayed indoors
on a flagpole, it shall be placed at the left of the observer as one enters the room.
- b.) from the top of a flagpole, which shall be at a prominent place or a commanding
position in relation to the surrounding buildings.
- c.) from a staff projecting upward from the windowsill, canopy balcony or facade of a
building.
 - d.) in a suspended position from a rope extending from a building to polo erected away
from the building.
- e.) flat against the wall vertically with the sun and stars on tap.
- f.) Hanging in a vertical position on across a street, with the blue field painting east, if the
road is heading South or north, or pointing north if the road is heading east and west.

Section 17. - The flag shall be hoisted to the top brisky and lowered ceremoniously the Flag shall
never touch anything beneath it, such as the ground, flood water or other objects After being
lowered the flag shall be handled and folded solemnly as part of the ceremony.

C. Conduct of Flag Raising Ceremony

Section 18. - All government offices and educational institutions shall hence forth observe the
flag raising ceremony every Monday morning and the flag lowering ceremony every Friday
afternoon the ceremony shall be simple and dignified and shall include the playing or singing the
Philippine National Anthem.
Section 19. - The office of the president upon the recommendation of the institute shall issue rules
and regulations for the proper conduct of the flag ceremony.
Section 20. - The observance of the flag ceremony in official or civic gathering shall be simple
and dignified and shall include the playing or singing of the anthem in its original Filipina lyrics
and march tempo.
Section 21.
- During the flag raising Ceremony, the assembly shall stand in formation racing the flag.
At the moment the first note of the anthem is heard, everyone on the premises shall come
to attention, moving vehicles shall stop. All persons present shall place their right palms
over their chests those with hat shall uncover, while those in military. Scouting, security
guard and citizens military training uniforms shall give salute prescribed by their
regulations, which salute shall be completed upon the last note at the anthem.
- The assembly shall sing the Philippine national anthem, accompanied by a or available,
and at the first note, the flag shall he raised briskly. The same procedure shall be observed
when the flag is passing in review or in parade.
Section 22. - During the flag lowering the flag shall be lowered solemnly and slowly so that the
flag shall be down the mast at the sound of the last note of the anthem. Those in the assembly shall
observe the same department or shall observe the same behavior as for the flag raising ceremony.
 D. Half - mast
Section 23.
- The flag shall be flown at half- mast as a sign of mourning on all the buildings and places
where it is displayed, as provided for in this Act, on the day of official announcement of
the death of any of the following officials:
a.) the president of a former President, for ten (10) days
b.) The Vise President the chief Justice, the President of the Senate, and the speaker at the
House of Representative. For seven (7 days
c.) Other persons to be determined by the institute for any period less than seven (7) days.

- The flag shall be flown at half- mast an all the buildings and places where the decedent was
holding office, on the day of death until the day of Interment of an incumbent member of
the Supreme Court the cabinet, the senate on the House of Representatives and such
persons and may be determined by the Institute.
- The flag when flown at half - mast shall be first hoisted to the peak for a moment then
lowered to the half-mast position. the flag shall again be raised to the peak before it's
lowered for the day.

E. Casket
Section 24.
- The flag may be used to cover the caskets of the honored dead of the military, veterans of
previous wars, national artists, and of civilians who have rendered distinguished service to
the nation, as maybe determined by the local government unit concerned. In such cases,
the flag shall be placed such that the white triangle shall be at the head and the blue portion
shall cover the right side of the caskets. The flag shall not be lowered to the grave or
allowed to touch the ground but shall be folded solemnly and handled over to the heirs of
the deceased.
Honors.
1. Immediate family with the military Host must be prepositioned first in front of the
ceremonial elements before moving the caskets.
2. Upon placing the casket in front of the troop commander, the Host and the immediate
family will occupy their respective positions for the honors.
3. It will then follow the normal procedure for funeral honors.
At the Airport.
1. when boarding the aircraft, the casket will be boarded first, followed by the immediate
family.
 2. upon deplaning, the family will alright first so as to be pre-positioned near designated
position for the honors.

F. Pledge to the Flag

Section 25. - The following shall be the Pledge of Allegiance to the Philippine Flag: Such pledge
shall be recited while standing with the right-hand palm open raises shoulder high. Individuals
whose faith or religious beliefs prohibit them from making such a pledge must nonetheless show
full respect when the pledge is being rendered by standing at attention.

G. Flag Days
Section 26. - The period from May 28 to June 12 of each year is declared as Flag Days, during
which period all offices agencies and instrumentalities of government, business establishments
institution of learning and private homes is enjoined to display the flag.
I. Prohibited Acts
Section 34.
It shall be prohibited
- a.) to mutilate, deface, defile, trample, on or cast contempt any act or o mission casting
dishonor or ridicule upon the flag over its surface.
- b.) To dip the flag to any person or object by way of compliment or salute.
- c.) To use the flag:
1. As a drapery, festoon, tablecloth
2. As covering for ceilings, walls, statues, or other objects.
3. As a pennant in the hood, side, back and top of motor vehicles.
4. As a staff or whip:
5. For unveiling monuments or statues, and
6. As trademarks for industrial, commercial, or agricultural labels or designs
- d.) Display the flag:
1. Under any painting or picture.
2. Horizontally face-up. It shall always be hoisted aloft and be allowed to fall freely,
3. Below any platform, or
4. In discotheques, cockpits, night and day clubs, casinos, gambling joints and places of
vice or where frivolity prevails.
- e.) to wear the clay in whole or in part as a costume or uniform.
- f.) to add any word, figure, mark, picture, design, drawings, advertisements, or Imprints
of any native on the flag.
- g.) to print, paint or attach representation of the flag on handkerchiefs napkins. cushions,
and other articles of merchandise
 - h.) to display in public any foreign flag, except in embassies and other diplomatic
establishments, and in offices of international organizations.
- i.) To use display or be part of any advertisement of infomercial; and
- j.) to display the flag in front of building or offices occupied by aliens.

Chapter III: The National Anthem

Section 35. - The National Anthem is entitled Lupang Hinirang

Section 36. - The National Anthem shall always be sung in the national language with or without
the country. The following shall be the lyrics of the National Anthem.
Section 37. - The rendition of the National Anthem, whether Played or sung, shall be in accordance
with the musical arrangement and composition of Juan Felipe.
Section 38.
- When the National Anthem is played at a public gathering, whether by e band or singing
by both, and reproduced by any means, the attending public shall sing the anthem. The
singing must be done with a person.
- As a sign of respect, all presents shall stand at attention and face the Philippine flag, if there
is one displayed, and if there is none, they shall face the band or conductor. At the first
note, all people shall execute a salute by placing their right palms over the left chest. Those
salutes shall be completed upon the last note of the anthem.
- The anthem shall not be played and sung for mere creation amusement or entertainment
purposes except or the ff. occasions international competitions where the Philippines is the
host or has a representative.
- Local competitions: During " signing off “and " signing on" of radio broadcasting and
television stations
- Before the initial and last screening of films or before the opening of theater performances,
and
- Other occasions may be allowed by the institute.
Section 39. - All officials and employees of the national and local governments and any agendas
or instrument allies thereof, including government owned or controlled corporations, privately -
owned entities of offices displaying the national flag and government Institutions of learning are
here by directed to comply strictly with the values prescribed for the rendition of the anthem.
Failure to observe the rules shall be a ground for administrative discipline.
Section 41.
The National Court Of: Army shall have.
- Pale ways two (2) pieces. azure and gules, a chief argent, studded with three (3) mullets
equidistant from each, and in point of honor avoid agent over all the sun rayonnant with
 eight minor lesser says Beneath shall be the scroll with the words " Respublika ng
Pilipinas" inscribed therein.
Chapter IV
Official Seal and other Heraldic Items and Devices
Section 44. - Any government entity, including the military, may adopt appropriate coat of arms,
administrative seals, logo. insignia, badges, patches, banners and initiate awards citations orders
or declarations, as may be authorized by the congress of the office of the president.
Section 45. - Such heraldic devices and items shall be filed with the institute for recording and
evaluation as to precedence, design, customs, and traditions. The institute shall promulgate the
corresponding rules and regulations which shall be submitted for approval to the office of the
President or to Congress.
Section 50. - Any person or judicial entity which violates any of the provisions of this Act shall,
upon conviction, be punished by a fine of not less than Five thousand pesos ( 5, 000 ) not more
than twenty thousand pesos ( 20, 000 ) or by imprisonment for not more than one (1) year, or both
such fine and imprisonment, at the discretion of the court. Provided that for any second and
additional offences, both fine and imprisonment shall always be imposed. Provided, that in case
the violation is committed by a Judicial person its president or chief Executive officer thereof shall
be liable.

LESSON 4
RA 9165, Nature of Drugs and Classification
The Nature of Drug and Drug Abuse
What is a drug?
A drug is a chemical substance that influences the function of living cells and alters the body or mental
processes when taken into the body or applied through the skin.

How are drugs taken?

• Ingestion
• Inhalation
• Injection
• Used as suppository
• Applied topically
What is addiction?
- Addiction isn't limited to alcohol and drugs. People may be addicted to many items, like food,
gambling, shopping, or any of the items that hinder a healthy lifestyle. When things come out of
control, people act compulsively, no matter what the consequences.
- When the individual is no longer in control of their life, they become addicted regardless of the
triggering mechanism. Addiction can take over the entire life of one person.
What is drug addiction?
- Drug addiction or dependence is a state of compulsive use of psychoactive substances (drugs,
narcotics, and chemicals). Use continues despite negative consequences (social, emotional, or
physical harm; they may cause the user.) Drugs are addictive and differ from substance to person.
Similarly, a person who is predisposed to addiction psychologically or genetically is much more
likely to become addicted
There are 2 forms of drug addiction
Physical dependency
- Occurs when a drug or substance is regularly used, and the body becomes accustomed to its
effects. Then the user must continue to use the drug to feel normal since his absence will trigger
withdrawal symptoms.
Psychological dependency
- Comes when a drug is used regularly, and the mind has become emotionally dependent on its
influence, either feeling pleasure or relieving pain. It does not feel able to function without it. Its
absence gives rise to intense cravings, often brought on or magnified with stress. A user may have
either aspect of dependence but usually has both.

When are drugs harmful?

- Any drug that is taken excessively can be harmful. Certain drugs can also be harmful if taken in
dangerous combinations or ordinary or even small amounts by a hypersensitive (allergic) person.
Why do people turn to drugs?
• Medicines can solve problems.
• Widespread access to various drugs.
• Peer pressure.
• The notion that drugs give enjoyment to users and in the context that is used as an alcohol
substitute.
What is drug abuse?
- Drug abuse is the use of a licit or illicit chemical substance, which results in physical, mental, or
social impairment of an individual.
Are there products other than drugs ever abused?
• Glue
 • Paint thinners
• Fuel
• and other toxic (breathable) solvents contain dangerous chemicals.
Common causes of Drug Abuse
• Unhappy home, parents are showing no interest in their children.
• Lack of parental values and guidance.
• Domestic violence, whether verbal or physical.
• Parents who make free use of alcohol and illegal drugs.
• Peer pressure/encouragement.
• Curiosity or desire to experience.
• Escape from mental and physical pain; relief from boredom and frustration.
• Desires to escape from harsh realities.
• Weak personality, the common sense of self – esteem and self – worth.
Effects of Drug Abuse
• Malnutrition
• Panic Reaction
• Physical Damage
Drug Abuse Preventing Measure
1. Exhaust all communication channels; talk to people you trust; get free to open and share
your emotions and concerns.
2. Learn how to cope with negative emotions by using sport, music, meditation, and prayer
as relaxation forms.
3. Expand your horizons by seeking new interests, meeting new people, visiting new places,
and incorporating new experiences into yourself.
4. Allow yourself the chance to be everything you can be by finding and developing your
personality.
5. Develop family relationships; aim to build balanced, safe family life and content. Parents
should set a good example; educate their kids and teach essential information about drug
use.
6. Establish a drug awareness program to teach the school's students about the risks of drug
violence.
 7. Local leaders will coordinate and run programs to disseminate information to prevent drug
abuse. Organize a social and leisure initiative which will act as a meaningful alternative to
drug abuse.
8. Partner with officials to apprehend identified drug pushers and disrupt the community-
based drug base network.
9. Helping drug users in treatment and rehabilitation.
10. Implement a direct, sincere, quick action, and hands-on approach to the government to
address the growing menace of drug abuse.
CLASSIFICATION OF COMMONLY ABUSED DRUGS
THERE ARE FIVE DIFFERENT KINDS OF DRUGS IN THE FIELD OF ILLEGAL AND
ABUSED DRUG USE.
1. DEPRESSANTS
-Known as "downers," drugs that act on and depress the central nervous system causing
initial relaxation that leads to sleep and drowsiness
ALCOHOL
- Specifically, ethyl alcohol, the main ingredient of all alcoholic drinks. Some liquor brands
such as gin, whiskey, brandy, Pilsen, and rum are favored to achieve the desired effect
among alcoholics or trouble drinkers.
EFFECT: - The effects of alcohol can vary from mild, such as skin flushing, to more severe
symptoms such as lowering inhibitions leading to poor social judgment, concentration problems,
loss of coordination, lack of critical judgment, particularly vision dulled perception, mood swings,
decreased core body temperature, elevated blood pressure, passing out, and vomiting.
SEDATIVE-HYPNOTICS
- Most often referred to as mild tranquilizers. Such medications are used in the treatment of
epilepsy, insomnia, and anxiety.
EFFECT: - Drowsiness, dizziness and confusion, coordination and memory disturbances, slower
heart rate and breathing, which can be worsened if combined with alcohol, increased risk of falls
and injuries, worsening of symptoms of depression and anxiety, impaired attention and judgment,
mood fluctuations and inappropriate behavior, risk of dependency and addiction, and risk of death
from overdose, either deliberate or accidental.
2. NARCOTICS
- known as "opiates or opioids," is opium-derived drugs and their derivatives. These
medicinal drugs relieve pain, suppress cough, reduce bowel movement, and induce psychological
indifference
OPIUM
- Coagulated opium poppy juice was used formerly as a pain reliever but replaced with
morphine and codeine.
EFFECTS: - Short term effects can include euphoria, relaxation, analgesia, slower shallower
breathing, lower heart rate, impaired reflexes, temporary constipation, loss of appetite. Regular
use of opium may cause tolerance-having to use more to achieve the same result, irregular periods,
and difficulty of having children, lack of sex drive, constipation, opium dependence.

MORPHINE
- Opium's primary alkaloid occurs in a crystalline white base and is marketed as tablets and
injectable solutions.
EFFECTS:
• Morphine may cause side effects. Drowning, pain, and cramps in the stomach, dry mouth,
headache, nervousness, changes in mood, difficulty urinating, or pain when urinating.
• Specific side effects can be severe. Blue or purple skin color, changes in heartbeat,
restlessness, hallucinations (seeing things or hearing voices that do not exist), fever,
sweating, confusion, rapid heartbeat, shivering, severe muscle stiffness or twitching, loss
of coordination, nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea), weakness, or dizziness, inability to get or
keep an erection, irregular menstruation, decreased sexual desire, seizures, extreme
drowsiness, fainting, chest pain, fever, swelling of the eyes, hives, rash, itching, face,
mouth, lips or throat, heaviness, and breathing or swallowing difficulties.
CODEINE
- An alkaloid that was extracted from morphine and used as an analgesic mild.
-
EFFECTS: - Using codeine, as with any prescription, comes with its side effects; these include
dizziness, drowsiness, nausea and stomach pain, vomiting, constipation, sweating, mild itching,
rashes, dry mouth, flushing, nervousness, shakiness, vertigo, weakness.
HEROINE
- White crystalline narcotics synthesized from morphine and used as a suppressant for
coughing.
-
EFFECTS: - The short-term effects will deviate slightly based on the method of delivery to the
system. Still, the most common immediate analgesic (pain-relieving) and depressing effects of the
central nervous system are a "rush," which is a sharp increase in euphoric feelings, feelings of
warmth and flushing during a "rush," heavy sensation in the extremities, reduced feelings of pain,
drowsiness, sedation, and lethargy.
3. STIMULANTS
- Drugs used to stimulate alertness, boost mood, increase speech, mental and motor activity,
alleviate tiredness or boredom, and decrease appetite.
AMPHETAMINE
 - Colorless liquid with an acrid taste and a mild odor that stimulates the central nervous
system considerably. This illicit drug most used in the United States.
-
EFFECTS: - They cause increased alertness and somewhat a false sense of well-being. The short-
term negative effects include paranoia, hallucinations, aggressive behavior, insomnia, acne, and
sores. Longer-term effects include dependence, resulting in fatal kidney and lung disorders,
possible brain damage, and possible heart stroke.
METHAMPHETAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE
- Known as "shabu," is a white, odorless crystalline powder with a bitter taste, considered
the Philippines’ most abused stimulant. The abusers administer it by injection, inhalation,
sniffing, or ingestion through the body.

EFFECTS: - Dangerous effects on the user are feelings of irritability, fear, anxiety, and loss of
appetite leading to loss of weight. Schizophrenia, split personality resulting in violent behavior,
hallucinations leading to paranoid psychosis, resulting in violent aggression.
ECSTASY
- A synthetic drug like amphetamine colored white, yellow, or brown with a bitter taste and
comes in the form of tablets, capsules, or powders in various styles and shapes.

EFFECTS:
• The positive effects described by users include an overwhelming feeling of wellbeing,
increased confidence, and the desire to be next to and in physical contact with other people.
It’s also known to produce insomnia, depression, and paranoia after the high has worn off.
Users are usually sensation- seeking and sexually aggressive. The long-term deleterious
effect of ecstasy, according to the government agency, is that it harms serotonin neurons
in the brain.
COCAINE
- Known as "coke," alkaloids are derived from coca plant leaves, commonly used in minor
surgery as local anesthetics, one of the shortest and most potent stimulants. A cheap, readily
available type of smokable cocaine is known as crack.

EFFECTS: - The drug reportedly provides intense feelings of pleasure, making the user feel
euphoric, energetic, talkative, and mentally alert. Physical symptoms include accelerated
heartbeat, pulse rate and breathing, and higher blood pressure and body temperature. Large
quantities (several hundred milligrams or more) intensify the "high" user, but can also lead to
behavior that is erratic, aggressive, and violent. It is known to be addictive, and death from a
cocaine overdose can occur from convulsions, heart failure, and it can damage the mucous
membranes when snorted. Hollywood celebrities and western rock stars commonly use this drug.
CAFFEINE
- The active ingredient in coffee, tea, cola drinks, used to constrict the blood flow and as a
cure for headaches, diuretics, and extreme asthma care.

EFFECTS: - Caffeine has multiple effects on metabolism in your body. It activates the central
nervous system, which can help you feel awake more and give you an energy boost.
NICOTINE
- A poisonous alkaloid that is an active ingredient in tobacco and cigarettes. Extracted from
tobacco leaves, it is colorless but quickly turns brown when exposed to sunlight. It has a
burning, acrid flavor.
-
EFFECTS: - Nicotine causes a variety of effects on the body and mind, including reduced
appetite, increased mood, increased bowel activity, increased saliva and phlegm production,
increased heart rate, increased blood pressure, sweating, nausea, diarrhea, improved memory, and
increased alertness.
4. HALLUCINOGENS
- Known as "psychedelics," a collection of natural or synthetic psychoactive substances
that create a shift in the state of consciousness that triggers reactions, including perceptual
alterations. They create hallucinations or visions in the form of shapes and changes of color in the
appearance of the outside world, which progress in replacing the actual reality with imaginary
beings and landscapes in extreme cases.
LYSERGIC ACID DIETHYLAMIDE (LSD)
- A fungal-derived crystalline material that infects wheat or rye. Well, known and most
potent hallucinogen in the form of tablets, gelatin, or impregnated paper took orally. Some
effects are hallucinations, distorted visual awareness of shapes, colors, altered sounds,
anxiety and depression, hallucinations

EFFECTS: - The physical effects of lsd from person to person are unpredictable. Typically, the
drug's first effects are felt 30 to 45 minutes after it is taken by mouth, peak at 2 to 4 hours, and can
last for 12 hours or more.
MESCALINE
- Known as "stp," a product extracted from peyote cactus dried tops.

EFFECTS: - Mescaline may have physical effects: increased body temperature, heart rate
increased, pupils dilated, shaking, dizziness, heavy sweating, flushed skin, lack of coordination,
vomiting and nausea, loss of appetite.
PSILOCYBIN
- A mushroom-ingested hallucinogenic agent to achieve its effect close to lsd and stp.

EFFECTS: - The psilocybin effects are usually like the lsd effects. These include altered time and
space perception and extreme shifts in mood and feeling. Possible impacts of psilocybin include
euphoria, peacefulness, spiritual awakening, rapidly shifting feelings, derealization or the
sensation that the world is not real, depersonalization, or a dreamlike sense of disengagement from
the surroundings, altered perception, visual alteration, and distortion, such as light halos and bright
colors, dilated pupils, dizziness, drowsiness, poor focus, muscle fatigue, lack of coordination,
unusual body sensations, nausea, anxiety, confusion, frightening hallucinations, vomiting, and
yawning.
PHENCYCLIDINE (PCP)
- Considered threatening and highly dangerous drugs because it can be easily synthesized
with no human medical purpose but used by veterinarians as anesthetic and animal
sedative.

EFFECTS: HERE IS A LIST OF DISSOCIATIVE DRUG EFFECTS IN GENERAL:

• Low to moderate doses: loss of coordination, disorientation, confusion, dizziness, nausea
and vomiting, numbness, changes in sensory perception, hallucinations, feelings of
detachment from oneself and the environment, increased blood pressure, increased heart
rate, rapid breathing rate, increased body temperature.
• Higher doses: hallucinations, loss of memory, physical pain, marked psychological
distress, intense panic or fear, anxiety, hysteria, invulnerability, excessive force, violence.
Aside from the general effects described above, pcp users can become highly aggressive or
abusive, and may experience schizophrenia-like psychotic symptoms.
MARIJUANA
- Known as cannabis, a moderate hallucinogenic product extracted from crushed leaves,
flowering tops, and stems of the "cannabis sativa" hemp plant. In central Asia and China,
they typically smoked or eaten for pleasure in juicing and folk medicine.

EFFECTS: - Users describe the feeling of smoking marijuana as relaxed, happy, and generally
having a gay mood. then say it enhances tense feelings, intense situations, and others say it makes
them fall asleep.
5. INHALANTS
- Substances that are not usually considered to be medicinal products but have great potential
for misuse. They are inhaled or sniffed to produce a state of intoxication for their psychoactive
(mind/mood-altering) effects. The effects can be felt instantly and last for 45 minutes, and the
central nervous system becomes depressed.
• Rugby
• gasoline, kerosene (gas)
• paint thinner, and solvent
• Nail polish and cuticle remover
• lighter fluid
• fluorocarbons such as aerosol sprays, nasal sprays, and organic isoamyl nitrite (popper).
DRUG LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES
1. The dangerous drugs board
2. Philippine national police – drug enforcement agency
3. National drug law enforcement & prevention coordinating center
4. Philippine center on transnational crime
5. National bureau of investigation
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9165
COMPREHENSIVE DANGEROUS DRUGS ACT OF 2002
Unlawful Acts and Penalties
Sale, trading, administration, dispensation, delivery, distribution, and transportation of
dangerous drugs and/or controlled precursors and essential chemicals (SEC 5, RA 9165)
• Penalty:
• Life Imprisonment
• fine ranging from Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) to Ten million pesos
(P10,000,000.00)
Maintenance of a Den, Dive or Resort (SECTION 6, RA 9165)
• Penalty:
• Life Imprisonment
• fine ranging from Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) to Ten million pesos
(P10,000,000.00)
Employees and Visitors of a Den, Dive or Resort
• Penalty:
 • Imprisonment of 12 years and 1 day to 20 years
• fine ranging from One hundred thousand pesos (P100,000.00) to Five Hundred Thousand
pesos (P500,000.00)
Any employee of den, dive, or resort, who is aware of the nature of the place as such
Possession of dangerous drugs. (SEC 11, RA 9165)
• (1) 10 grams or more of opium.
• (2) 10 grams or more of morphine.
• (3) 10 grams or more of heroin.
• (4) 10 grams or more of cocaine or cocaine hydrochloride.
• (5) 50 grams or more of methamphetamine hydrochloride or "shabu”.
• (6) 10 grams or more of marijuana resin or marijuana resin oil.
• (7) 500 grams or more of marijuana; and
• 8) 10 grams or more of other dangerous drugs such as, but not limited to,
methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDA) or "ecstasy", Para methoxyamphetamine
(PMA), trimethoxyamphetamine (TMA), lysergic acid diethylamine (LSD), gamma
hydroxy amphetamine (GHB), and those similarly designed or newly introduced drugs
and their derivatives, without having any therapeutic value or if the quantity possessed is
far beyond therapeutic requirements, as determined and promulgated by the Board in
accordance to Section 93, Article XI of this Act.
• Penalty:
• Life imprisonment
• fine ranging from Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) to Ten million pesos
(P10,000,000.00)
IF THE QUANTITY INVOLVED IS LESS THAN THE FOREGOING QUANTITIES, THE
Possession of equipment, instrument, apparatus, and other paraphernalia for dangerous
drugs. (Sec 12, RA 9165)
• Penalty:
• imprisonment ranging from six (6) months and one (1) day to four (4) years
• fine ranging from Ten thousand pesos (P10,000.00) to Fifty thousand pesos
(P50,000.00)

Possession of dangerous drugs during parties, social gatherings, or meetings- any person
found possessing any dangerous drug during a party, or at a social gathering or meeting, or
in the proximate company of at least two (2) persons (Sec 13, RA 9165)
 • Penalty:
• Life imprisonment
• fine of Ten million pesos (P10,000,000.00)
A person apprehended or arrested, who is found to be positive for use of any dangerous drug,
after a confirmatory test, shall be imposed a penalty of a minimum of six (6) months
rehabilitation in a government center for the first offense.
• If apprehended using any dangerous drug for the second time (SEC 15, RA 9165) penalty:
• Imprisonment ranging from six (6) years and one (1) day to twelve (12) years
• Fine ranging from fifty thousand pesos (p50,000.00) to two hundred thousand pesos
(p200,000.00)
Criminal liability of government officials and employees (SEC 28, RA 9165)
• Penalty:
• Life Imprisonment
• absolute perpetual disqualification from any public office

QUESTIONS IN QUIZ NO. 1

1. Aimed to enhance Civic consciousness and defense preparedness in the youth.
- NSTP
2. Designed to provide military training to motivate and mobilize.
- ROTC (RESERVE OFFICERS TRAINING CORPS)
3. Also, a program component design to train students to become teachers of literacy and
numeracy skills to school children, out-of-school youth, and other segments of society in
need of their service
- LITERACY TRAINING SERVICE
4. Program component contributory to the general welfare and for the betterment of life for
the members of the community.
- CWTS (CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE)
5. How many semesters would NSTP be taken?
- 2 SEMESTERS
6. What will be your organization when you graduate of Non – ROTC component
- NSRC (NATIONAL SERVICE RESERVE CORPS)
7. What will be your organization when you graduate of ROTC component
- CITIZEN ARMED FORCES
8. It involves sport fest, parlor games, and team building to relate with one another in the
community.
- RECREATION
9. It is known as the National Service Training Program Act of 2001
- RA 9163
10. When was the effectivity of the NSTP Law
- MARCH 23, 2002
11. Bill of Rights serves as our protection against violations
- TRUE
12. Search for the officer takes the possession of the items during the scene
- FALSE
13. Warrant of Arrest is an official document signed by the judge which authorities the police
officer to arrest the person or people named in the document
- TRUE
14. Authorities can restrict the right to hold the rally if it is prevention of crime
- TRUE
15. Expose facto law is applicable to civic cases
- FALSE
16. Juan Felipe wrote the lyrics of our National Anthem
- FALSE
17. A trace of the sun symbolizes the first provinces that revolted against Spaniards
- TRUE
18. A trace symbolizes Manila, Pampanga, Bulacan, Laguna, Cavite, Nueva Vizcaya, Bataan,
and Tarlac
- FALSE
19. If the flag is in a hanging position, the blue fields should be in the left, right to the server
in time of peace and right of the observer in time of war
- FALSE (BONUS)
20. From May 28 to June 12 of each year is declared as Flag Day
- TRUE