Supplementary Problems for Practice
1. A mass of 0.15 kg of air is initially exists at 2 MPa and 350oC. The air is first expanded
isothermally to 500 kPa, then compressed polytropically with a polytropic exponent of
1.2 to the initial pressure and finally compressed at the constant pressure to the initial
state. Determine the boundary work for each process and the net work of the cycle.
[-4.75 kJ]
2. 0.078 kg of a carbon monoxide initially exists at 130 kPa and 120oC. The gas is then
expanded polytropically to a state of 100 kPa and 100oC. Sketch the P-V diagram for this
process. Also determine the value of n (index) and the boundary work done during this
process. [1.248,1.855 kJ]
3. A gas contained within a piston-cylinder assembly undergoes three processes in series:
Process 1-2: Compression with pV=C from p1 = 1 bar, V1= 1m3 to V2 = 0.2 m3. Process
2-3: Constant pressure expansion to V3 = 1 m3. Process 3-1: Constant volume. Sketch the
processes in series on a p-V diagram labeled with pressure and volume values at each
numbered state.
4. A gas undergoes a thermodynamic cycle consisting of the following processes:
Process 1-2: Constant pressure, p = 1.4 bar, V1 = 0.028 m3, W1-2 = 10.5 kJ; Process 2-3:
Compression with pV = constant, U3 = U2; Process 3-1: Constant volume, U1 – U3 = -
26.4 kJ. There are no significant changes in KE and PE. a) Sketch the cycle on a p-V
diagram, b) Calculate the net work for the cycle in kJ.
5. A system contains 0.15 m3 of air pressure of 3.8 bars and 150oͦC. It is expanded
adiabatically till the pressure falls to 1.0 bar. The air is then heated at a constant pressure
till its enthalpy increases by 70 kJ. Sketch the process on a P-V diagram and determine
the total work done. Use cp=1.005 kJ/kg.K and cv=0.714 kJ/kg.K [54.9 kJ]
6. If a gas of volume 6000 cm3 and at a pressure of 100 kPa is compressed quasi-statically
according to pv1.2 = constant until the volume becomes 2000 cm3, determine the final
pressure and the work transfer. [382 kPa, 0.82 kJ]
7. A certain gas of mass 4 kg is contained within a piston-cylinder assembly. The gas
undergoes a process for which pv1.5 = constant. The initial state is given by 3 bar, 0.1 m3.
The change in internal energy of the gas in the process is, u2 – u1 = - 4.6 kJ/kg. Find the
net heat transfer for the process when the final volume is 0.2 m3. Neglect the changes in
KE and PE. [-0.8 kJ]
8. A turbine operates under steady flow conditions, receiving steam at the following state:
pressure 1.2 MPa, temperature 188 ᵒC, enthalpy 2785 kJ/kg, velocity 33.3 m/s and
elevation 3m. The steam leaves the turbine at the following state: pressure 20kPa,
enthalpy 2512 kJ/kg, velocity 100 m/s and elevation 0 m. Heat is lost to the surroundings
at the rate of 0.29 kJ/s. If the rate of steam flow through the turbine is 0.42 kg/s, what is
the power output of the turbine in kW? [112.51kW]
9. A reciprocating air compressor takes in 2 m3/min at 0.11 MPa, 20 ᵒC, which it delivers at
1.5 MPa, 111 ᵒC to an after-cooler where the air is cooled at constant pressure to 25 ᵒC.
The power absorbed by the compressor is 4.15 kW. Determine the heat transfer in
a) the compressor and b) the cooler. [-0.16 kW, 3.768 kW]
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