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Dynamic IP using RIP configuration
What is Routing Information Protocol (RIP)?
RIP is an open source routing protocol, what it means RIP is compatible with all routers more than
Cisco.
RIP is Distance vector based Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (IGP).
– What is an IGP? An Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) is a kind of protocol used for interchanging routing
information between gateways (commonly routers) within an Autonomous System
– What is Distance vector? Distance vector protocols use a distance calculation together with outgoing
network interface (a vector) to choose the best path to a destination network.
RIP is the simplest and easiest routing protocol to configure. Every routing protocol has its own
metric to calculate best path available.
RIP utilizes ‘hop count’ as metric to decide the best path among two locations (Here hop count is
calculated by Distance Vector Algorithm).
(I will be posting separate article covering Metric, Administrative Distance, Distance Vector, etc.)
– Hop count: Which is the number of routers the packet need go through until it reaches the destination
network.
The extreme acceptable number of hops in RIP network is 15 hops. Means the packet will not be
able to reach at the target if the destination is apart from 15 hops.
Two variations of RIP are RIP Version 1 and RIP Version 2.
RIP Applied in small networks having less than 15 hops.
In a RIP enabled network, every router broadcasts its entire RIP table to its adjacent routers in
each 30 seconds.
When a router receives a neighbor’s RIP table, it updates its own routing table from the received
information and then broadcast updated routing table to the adjacent router
RIP Configuration
Create a practice lab as shown in following figure or download this pre-created
practice lab and load in packet tracer.
Scenario 1
Consider the following network.
Configure IP address on PC0
Configure IP address on PC1
Configure Fastethernet 0/0 of Router0
Configure Fastethernet 0/0 of Router1
Configure Serial port 2/0 of router 0
Configure Serial port 2/0 of router 1
You can see all green.
Now Configure RIP protocol on Router0 and add all networks attached to it.
Add Second Network i.e. [Link]
Now go on the settings of Router0 and click on NVRAM’s save button
Do the whole process for Router1
Check Configuration using message packets.
Scenario 2
Initial IP configuration
Device Interface IP Configuration Connected with
PC0 Fast Ethernet [Link]/8 Router0’s Fa0/1
Router0 Fa0/1 [Link]/8 PC0’s Fast Ethernet
Router0 S0/0/1 [Link]/30 Router2’s S0/0/1
Router0 S0/0/0 [Link]/30 Router1’s S0/0/0
Router1 S0/0/0 [Link]/30 Router0’s S0/0/0
Router1 S0/0/1 [Link]/30 Router2’s S0/0/0
Router2 S0/0/0 [Link]/30 Router1’s S0/0/1
Router2 S0/0/1 [Link]/30 Router0’s S0/0/1
Router2 Fa0/1 [Link]/30 PC1’s Fast Ethernet
PC1 Fast Ethernet [Link]/30 Router2’s Fa0/1
Assign IP address to PCs
Double click PC0 and click Desktop menu item and click IP Configuration. Assign
IP address [Link]/8 to PC0.
Repeat same process for PC1 and assign IP address [Link]/8.
Assign IP address to interfaces of routers
Double click Router0 and click CLI and press Enter key to access the command
prompt of Router0.
Three interfaces FastEthernet0/0, Serial0/0/0 and Serial0/0/1 of Router0 are used in
this topology. By default interfaces on router are remain administratively down during
the start up.
We need to configure IP address and other parameters on interfaces before we could
actually use them for routing. Interface mode is used to assign IP address and other
parameters. Interface mode can be accessed from global configuration mode.
Following commands are used to access the global configuration mode.
Router>enable
Router#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#
From global configuration mode we can enter in interface mode. From there we can
configure the interface. Following commands will assign IP address on
FastEthernet0/0.
Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address [Link] [Link]
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#
interface fastEthernet 0/0 command is used to enter in interface mode.
ip address [Link] [Link] command will assign IP address to interface.
no shutdown command will bring the interface up.
exit command is used to return in global configuration mode.
Serial interface needs two additional parameters clock rate and bandwidth. Every
serial cable has two ends DTE and DCE. These parameters are always configured at
DCE end.
We can use show controllers interface command from privilege mode to check the
cable’s end.
Router#show controllers serial 0/0/0
Interface Serial0/0/0
Hardware is PowerQUICC MPC860
DCE V.35, clock rate 2000000
[Output omitted]
Fourth line of output confirms that DCE end of serial cable is attached. If you see
DTE here instead of DCE skip these parameters.
Now we have necessary information let’s assign IP address to serial interface.
Router#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#interface serial 0/0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address [Link] [Link]
Router(config-if)#clock rate 64000
Router(config-if)#bandwidth 64
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#interface serial 0/0/1
Router(config-if)#ip address [Link] [Link]
Router(config-if)#clock rate 64000
Router(config-if)#bandwidth 64
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#
Router#configure terminal Command is used to enter in global configuration mode.
Router(config)#interface serial 0/0/0 Command is used to enter in interface mode.
Router(config-if)#ip address [Link] [Link] Command assigns IP
address to interface. For serial link we usually use IP address from /30 subnet.
Router(config-if)#clock rate 64000 And Router(config-if)#bandwidth 64 In real
life environment these parameters control the data flow between serial links and need
to be set at service providers end. In lab environment we need not to worry about
these values. We can use these values.
Router(config-if)#no shutdown Command brings interface up.
Router(config-if)#exit Command is used to return in global configuration mode.
We will use same commands to assign IP addresses on interfaces of remaining
routers. We need to provided clock rate and bandwidth only on DCE side of serial
interface. Following command will assign IP addresses on interface of Router1.
Router1
Router1
Router>enable
Router#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#interface serial 0/0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address [Link] [Link]
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#interface serial 0/0/1
Router(config-if)#ip address [Link] [Link]
Router(config-if)#clock rate 64000
Router(config-if)#bandwidth 64
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#exit
Use same commands to assign IP addresses on interfaces of Router2.
Router2
Router>enable
Router#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address [Link] [Link]
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#interface serial 0/0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address [Link] [Link]
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#interface serial 0/0/1
Router(config-if)#ip address [Link] [Link]
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#exit
Now routers have information about the networks that they have on their own
interfaces. Routers will not exchange this information between them on their own. We
need to implement RIP routing protocol that will insist them to share this information.
Configure RIP routing protocol
Configuration of RIP protocol is much easier than you think. It requires only two
steps to configure the RIP routing.
Enable RIP routing protocol from global configuration mode.
Tell RIP routing protocol which networks you want to advertise.
Let’s configure it in Router0
Router0
Router0(config)#router rip
Router0(config-router)# network [Link]
Router0(config-router)# network [Link]
Router0(config-router)# network [Link]
router rip command tell router to enable the RIP routing protocol.
network command allows us to specify the networks which we want to advertise. We
only need to specify the networks which are directly connected with the router.
That’s all we need to configure the RIP. Follow same steps on remaining routers.
Router1
Router1(config)#router rip
Router1(config-router)# network [Link]
Router1(config-router)# network [Link]
Router2
Router2(config)#router rip
Router2(config-router)# network [Link]
Router2(config-router)# network [Link]
Router2(config-router)# network [Link]
That’s it. Our network is ready to take the advantage of RIP routing. To verify the
setup we will use ping command. ping command is used to test the connectivity
between two devices.
Access the command prompt of PC1 and use ping command to test the connectivity
from PC0.
