1.

What is Study of ___________ phenomena and the properties of ___________

Physics?

Recognise the physics in every-day objects & in natural phenomena

1.________ & _____ 2. __________ 3. _________

Investigate the Studies the Explains the

action of force and influence of heat different

motion on different phenomena

types of matter due to light

4. ________ 5. _______

Understand the Fields of study __________

properties of in physics Investigates

different types the interactions

of waves and of electric &

their uses magnetic fields

6. _______

Studies the 7. _________

use of Study of nuclear

electronic structure and

devices in their application

various fields
Phenomena & Occurrence Around us Field of study in physics

1. Car racing

2. cooking in the kitchen

3. rainbow in the sky

4. Shadow on the ground

5. Nuclear bomb

6. Light bulb lights up during night

7. communicating using mobile phone

8. Memory chip in a computer

1
 1.2

In learning physics, we need to carry out investigations. We gather

information through observations and taking measurement. We
measure many types of physical quantities

Physical Quantities is a physical characteristic that can be _______.

The value of the measurement consists of a numerical ___________ and a _________

Examples : _________________________________________________________

All physical quantities can be classified into two groups :

1.__________________________ 2. _______________________

What are
Base quantities are quantities that cannot be _____________ in terms
base
of other base quantities.
quantities?

List of 5 basic physical quantities and their units.

Base quantity Symbol S.I. Unit Symbol for S.I. Unit

Length

Mass

Time

Current

Temperature
What are Derived quantity is one which obtained by ___________ base quantities by

derived multiplication, division or both these operations. Its unit is derived from a
quantities? similar combination of the base units.

Determine the derived unit for the following derived quantities.

Derived Name of
Formula Derived unit
quantity derived unit

area = length x width

area

volume volume = length x width x height

mass
density density
volume

2
 Derived Name of
Formula Derived unit
quantity derived unit

displacement
velocity velocity
time

momentum = mass x velocity

momentum

change in velocity
Acceleration acceleration
time

Force force = mass x acceleration

force
pressure pressure
area

weight = mass x gravitational

weight
acceleration

work = force x displacement

work

work
power power
time

1
kinetic K.E mass velocity 2
energy 2

potential P.E = mass x gravitational acceleration x

energy height

charge charge = current x time

 work
voltage voltage
charge

voltage
resistance resistance
current

Note that the physical quantities such as width, thickness, height, distance, displacement,
perimeter, radius and diameter are equivalent to length.

Exersise 1

The extension of an elastic spring is directly proportional to the stretching force acting on it. It
can be shown by the following formula:

F x

F = kx where F = the force (unit N)

k = spring constant

x = the extension (unit m)

Determine the value of the spring constant k.

3
 The values of measurements which is either very large of very small
Express
are written in Standard Form so as to be neater, brief and easier to
quantities
read.
using

standard Standard form = A x 10n , 1 < A < 10 and n = integer

form

Exercise 2

Write the following quantities in standard form :

a. Radius of the earth = 6 370 000 m =………………………………………………….

b. Mass of an electron = 0.000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 911 kg =………...

c. Size of a particle = 0.000 03 m = ………………………………………………………

d. Diameter of an atom = 0.000 000 072 m = …………………………………………...

e. Wavelength of light = 0.000 000 55 m = ……………………………………………..

Express quantities using prefixes

Prefix is used to
simplify the
expression of very
The list of prefixes : big or very small
numerical values of
physical quantities.

1012 Tera (T) Prefix Value Standard Symbol

form

109 Giga (G) Tera 1 000 000 000 000

106 Mega (M) Giga 1 000 000 000

 3 kilo (k) Mega 1 000 000

102 Hekto (ha)

10

10 Deka (da) Kilo 1 000

100

10-1 desi (d)

10-2 -3 centi (s) Hekto 100

10 mili (m)

Deka 10

10-6 micro ( )

Deci 0.1
10-9 nano (n)

Centi 0.01

10-12 pico (p)

Mili 0.001

Micro 0.000 001

Nano 0.000 000 001

Piko 0.000 000 000 001

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3. Complete the table below

1 Tm = __________ m 1 m = ____________ Tm

1 Gm = __________ m 1 m = ____________ Gm

1 Mm = __________ m 1 m = ____________ Mm

1 km = __________ m 1 m = ____________ km

1 hm = __________ m 1 m = ____________ hm

1 cm = __________ m 1 m = ____________ cm

1 mm = __________ m 1 m = ____________ mm

1 μm = __________ m 1 m = ____________ μm

1 nm = __________ m 1 m = ____________ nm

1 pm = __________ m 1 m = ____________ pm

4. Convert the measurement into SI unit and in standard form:

a. Radio Melaka Frequency of radio wave = 102.3 MHz = _______________________

b. Diameter of the earth = 12 800 km = _______________________________________

c. Distance between the moon and the earth = 383 000 km = ____________________

d. Mass of the earth = 6 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 0000 g = ____________________

e. The height of Petronas Twin Towers is 452 000 mm = ___________________

f. The wavelength of a visible light is 0.00042 mm = _______________________

4. Convert each of the following measurements into metre, m

(a) 2.98 Tm =

(b) 2.98 km =
(c) 2.98 μm =

(d) 2.98 x 10-1 Gm =

(e) 2.98 x 10-3 Mm =

(f) 2.98 x 107 nm

(g) 2.98 x 104 μm =

5. Convert

(a) 4 m2 into the units of cm2 (b) 30 cm2 into the units of m2