CONJUNCTION is a part of speech that connects words, phrases, or
clauses
TYPES OF CONJUNCTION
[Link] CONJUNCTIONS – join words, phrases, and
independent clauses. F A N B O Y S
For – presents rationale
They do not gamble or smoke, for they are ascetics.
And – used to join words or sentences that show a similar idea
They gamble and they smoke.
Nor – presents a non-contrasting negative idea
They do not gamble, nor they do not smoke.
But – presents a contrast or exception
They gamble but they don’t smoke.
Or – is used to show a choice
Every day they gamble or smoke.
Yet – presents a contrast or exception
They gamble, yet they don’t smoke.
So – used to show a result
He gambled well last night, so he smoked a cigar to
celebrate.
2. CORRELATIVE CONJUNCTIONS – join together words,
phrases and similar clauses
either…or / not only…but (also) / neither…nor / both…and /
whether…or / just as…so / the…the /as… as / as much…as /
no sooner…than/ rather…than
EXAMPLES:
1. You either do your work or prepare for a trip to the office.
2. He is not only handsome but also brilliant.
3. Neither the basketball team nor the football team is doing
well.
4. Both the cross country team and the swimming team are
doing well.
5. You must decide whether you stay or you go.
6. Just as many Americans love basketball, so many Canadians
love ice hockey.
7. The more you practice dribbling, the better you will be at it.
8. Football is as fast as hockey.
9. No sooner did she learn to ski than snow began to thaw.
10. I would rather swim than surf
3. SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTION – join together an independent
and dependent clause
*They remodeled the library
While while school was out.
*When I study, I do well on
When To show time
my test.
As soon as *She mailed the letter as soon
Before as she could.
*Before the tornado hit,
grandma called to warn us.
*She can’t wait for snow
because she loves to ski.
*Since the tutoring lab
Because
opened up, he’s better with
Since math.
So that To show cause and effect *Her parents made sacrifices
In order that or purpose so that she could have a good
education.
*We send them weekly
reports in order that they may
have full information about
their children’s progress.
*If you need help, you only
If need to ask.
*You will damage your health
Unless To show condition
unless you stop smoking.
Whenever *The crickets begin chirping
whenever night falls.
*Though I don’t get to ride, I
Though still love horses.
*Tom doesn’t want to be a
Although
doctor, although he’s good in
Even though To show contrast science.
Whereas *The flower bloomed even
though it was winter.
*My husband is allergic to
dogs, whereas I’m a dog lover.
As though *He spoke as though he knew
As if To show similarity the topic well.
*Let’s pretend as if this never
happened.
Whenever *Whenever Mary went, the
Where To show place lamb followed.
*I show you where you can
sleep.
RULES OF CONJUNCTION
We are already aware that conjunctions also show the relationships
between the words/ phrases/ clauses they link. There are certain rules
according to which these conjunctions work in order to highlight these
relations between elements they join. Based on these rules,
conjunctions can be divided into four main groups-
A) Co- ordinate Conjunctions:
These conjunctions join the elements of equal importance.
The rule according to which they work:
When they join two words within a sentence, the connected words are
equal in importance of their function in a sentence.
Example:
1. Alan and Ashley are best friends. (noun connected with
noun)
2. She paints and draws quite skillfully. (verb connected with verb)
3. Emily loves reading and Aiden loves dancing.
(independent clause connected with independent clause)
B) Subordinate Conjunctions
