Chapter 1.

Product Specifications
1-1. Product Specifications

Frequency
► Range : 9 kHz to 3.0 GHz
► Resolution : minimum 1 Hz
► Span Range : 100 Hz / div to 300 MHz / div
Selection of 1,2,5 steps (automatic), ZERO Span, FULL Span (9 kHz to 3.0 GHz)
► Frequency Selection : Start, Stop, Center, Span set-up
► Span Accuracy : ±3 % of the Indicated Span Width
► Readout Accuracy : ≤±(Indicated frequency × Reference frequency accuracy + Span
× Span accuracy + 50% of RBW)
► Phase Noise : ≤−90 dBc/Hz @10 kHz offset

Amplitude
► Range : +20 dBm ~ −105 dBm
► Avg. Noise Level (1 kHz RBW, 10 Hz VBW)
≤−105 dBm : 150 kHz ~ 1 GHz
≤−100 dBm : 1 GHz ~ 2.4 GHz, 50 kHz ~ 150 kHz
≤−95 dBm : 2.4 GHz ~ 3 GHz
► Amplitude Unit : dBm, dBmV, dBuV, V, mV, uV, W, mW, uW
► Display Scale Linearity
≤±1.5 dB / 70 dB (10 dB / div), ≤±1.5 dB / 40 dB (5 dB / div)
≤±0.5 dB / 8 dB (1 dB / div), ≤±0.5 dB / 16 dB (2 dB / div)
► Frequency Response (0 dB attenuation) : −3.5 dB ~ 1.5 dB (100 kHz ~ 10 MHz)
±1.5 dB (10 MHz ~ 3 GHz)
► Reference Level
Range : −90 dBm to +20 dBm
Resolution : 0.1 dB step
Accuracy : ±1.5 dB
► Second Harmonic Distortion : ≤−60 dBc, −40 dBm input
► Intermodulation Distortion : ≤−70 dBc, −40 dBm input

3
 ► Residual Spurious : ≤−85 dBm (Input terminated, 0 dB attenuation)
► Other Input Spurious : ≤−60 dBc, −30 dBm input
► Resolution Bandwidth
Selections : 1 kHz, 3 kHz, 10 kHz, 30 kHz, 100 kHz, 300 kHz, 1 MHz, 3 MHz, 9 kHz, 120 kHz
Accuracy : ±20 %
Selectivity : 60 dB / 3 dB ratio < 15 : 1
60 dB / 6 dB ratio < 12 : 1 (9 kHz, 120 kHz)
Switching Error : ≤±1.0 dB (1 kHz Reference RBW)
Video Bandwidth : 10 Hz to 3 MHz in 1-3-10 step

Sweep
► Time : 100 ms to 1000 sec, 40 ms to 1000 sec (zero span)
► Accuracy : ≤±20 %
► Trigger Source : External (rear), Video, Free run, Line
► Trigger Mode : continuous, single
► Trigger Level : TTL level

Storage
► Trace Storage : maximum 900 waveforms
► Setup Storage : maximum 3,000 states

Screen Display
► Type : 6.4″ color TFT LCD screen
► Display Resolution : 640 (H) × 480 (V) active display area
► Marker Mode : Peak search, Delta marker, Marker to Center,
Marker to Reference (8 markers maximum)

Input
► RF Input Connector : N-type Female, 50 Ω nominal
► VSWR : 150 kHz to 3.0 GHz, VSWR < 1.5 : 1 (with 0 dBm Ref Level)
► Maximum Input Level : 0 Vdc, +20 dBm

4
Standard Frequency (10 MHz, Ref.)
► Temperature Stability : ±0.5 ppm
► Aging : ±0.5 ppm / Year
► Connector : BNC female
► Input Level : −5 dBm to +15 dBm
► Output Level : 10 MHz, +8 dBm nominal

Interface
► RS-232C
► Printer
Driver : PCL3 or PCL5, HP, EPSON, Laser-Jet, Desk-Jet etc. supports most of printers
Connector : for standard 25 pin female D-Sub parallel printer, support USB
► USB 2.0 Host
Printer Driver : Supports most of printers including HP, EPSON, Laser-Jet, Desk-Jet, etc.
USB Storage Device : supports 1.1, 2.0, for storing image files, supports GIF format
► Ethernet (Option)
10-Base-T Ethernet : supports Internet remote control
► GPIB Interface (Option) : IEEE 488 bus

General Specifications
► Size : 350 (width) × 195 (height) × 375 (length) mm
► Weight : 10 kg
► Warming-up Time : More than 20 minutes for precise measurement
► Power
Supply Electrical Power : 100-240 VAC at 50 / 60Hz
Consumption Power : 80 watts maximum (when an option is not built in)
► Operating Temperature : 0 ℃ to 40 ℃
► Temperature for Storage : −20 ℃ to 70 ℃
► RF Emissions, Immunity
RF emissions : EN 550011

5
Chapter 2. Preparation for Use
2-1. Initial Inspection

Please inspect all packing boxes and check if they contain all contents. Keep the packing
box and packing materials until the inspection by an analyzer is completed.

There is information on accessories offered along with an analyzer in Table 2-1. Please
contact LP customer support center when the contents are lacking or there is something
wrong with the analyzer.

If you need cleaning, please clean only with wet cloth.

To prevent an electric shock, please separate main power supply

WARNING !
of the spectrum analyzer before cleaning.
Please clean the surface of the case with dry cloth or wet cloth.
Please do not clean the inside of the case.

[Table 2-1] Accessories Offered Along With an Analyzer

Name of Accessories Explanation

Operating Manual CD It will be basically offered.

Power Cable (AC Power Cable 3 Holes) It will be basically offered.

9
 2-2. Requirements for Power

This analyze is a portable device, and does not need the additionally established devices
except for the connection with power.
You need not select line power.

[Table 2-2] Requirements for AC Power

Electric Pressure 100 - 120 VAC ( 50 - 60 Hz )

Electric Pressure 220 - 240 VAC ( 50 - 60 Hz )
Power Consumption
Less than 80W
When Using

2-3. Fuse Check

When there is no spare fuse offered along with the device, the fuse to change should
match the fuse in the fuse holder, power, and rating electric current (250 VAC, 3.15 A type
T 5 × 20 mm).

A fuse should be established in the fuse holder located in the upper part of a power switch
on the back board.

To prevent the danger of fire, please use only the same type and rating of
WARNING !
power fuse when changing it. The use of a fuse with different rating may
incur the damage to the device.

10
2-4. Power Cable

The analyzer uses a power cable with three lines in accordance with the international
safety standard. When it is connected to a power socket concerned, this cable grounds
a cabinet of the device.

When there is no grounded AC power socket, FG terminal on the rear panel should be
grounded.

Use a grounded power cable with three lines, or connect the analyzer to
WARNING !
a protective ground.
If you turn on the power without following these warnings, you might have
the danger of electric shock.
Also, you need to check the electric pressure of power. When power
exceeding the standard value, comes into the analyzer, the analyzer might
be damaged or be caught in a fire.

2-5. Environment Conditions

The analyzer operates in 0 ℃ to 40 ℃ in general. However, in order to keep the best

performance, it needs to avoid the following.
- Where there is severe vibration,
- Where there is high moisture,
- Where the device should be exposed to a direct ray,
- Where the electric pressure of power should be widely changed,

If you use the analyzer in the normal temperature, after using or keeping
WARNING !
it in a low temperature for a long time, there is a danger that it might get
short-circuited due to condensation. Thus, in order to prevent such a danger,
please do not supply power until the analyzer is fully dried.

In order to prevent the inner temperature of the device from rising, there is
WARNING !
a freezing fan on the rear panel of the analyzer. You should leave at least
10 cm between the back panel and a wall or nearby device, or barrier,
so that a ventilating hole does not get clogged.

11
 2-6. Turning on Power

Please connect a power code to the analyzer, before using the analyzer.
Please press the On key.
In order to use the analyzer, please check the operating temperature, and heat the analyzer
for about 10 minutes before measuring.
When you intend to use an external 10 MHz signal as a standard frequency, please
connect the external standard signal to a 10 MHz REF IN connector on the rear panel.
A signal level should be over -5 dBm.

12
LPT-3000
Chapter 3. Starting
3-1. Function of a Front Panel

[Figure 3-1] Outline of a Function of a Front Board

1. It is 6.4″ TFT-LCD.
It indicates wave type, parameter set-up, indicated value, and menu key label.

2. A menu key is beside a screen, and there is no label indicated on it. The menu key label appears in
a form of a button on an LCD screen beside the key. Most of keys of which their labels are indicated
on the front panel of the analyzer, can be used via the menu key with functions concerned.

3. FREQUENCY, SPAN, and AMPLITUDE keys activates the main functions of the analyzer, and make
it possible to use menus with functions concerned.
FREQUENCY key is an input part of frequency parameter data.
SPAN key is an input part of span parameter data.
AMPLITUDE key is an input part of amplitude parameter data.

4. MARKER function controls marker, reading frequency, and amplitude on the trace of the analyzer,
and automatically finds out a signal of the highest amplitude.
MARKER key is for setting a marker.
PEAK SEARCH key is related to the peak search function.

15
 MARKER → This key is for setting a marker value as a specific parameter.
5. CONTROL function controls the broadband of resolution and sweep time, and make it possible to
use a menu controlling a device display. Also, it makes it possible to set the variable of other
analyzer necessary for measurement.
I/O DETECT key is for setting input and output of a Ref. 10 MHz signal, and Detect Mode.
TRACE key is related to the set-up of trace on an LCD screen.
AUTOSET key is for searching for voluntary signal, and automatically setting a measuring
parameter.
BW/AVG key is for setting functions including RBW, VBW, and AVG.
DISPLAY key is for setting a screen indicating functions.
TRIG key is for setting a trigger function.
SINGLE key is for performing the single sweep.
SWEEP key is for setting a sweep time and sweep mode.

6. MEASURE makes it possible to use key menus for performing the measurement by the analyzer.
Once the measurement gets started, you can use an additional menu key that defines the set-up of the
current measurement function by using a MEAS SETUP key. MEAS CONTROL and RESTART make
it possible to use additional measurement controlling function.
MEASURE key is for performing the measurement function.
MEAS CONTROL is for controlling the measurement function.
MEAS SETUP key is for setting the measurement function.
RESTART key is for restarting the measurement.

7. The function within a SYSTEM key, affects the entire state of the analyzer. You can make diverse
set-up and arrangement by using this SYSTEM key.
PRESET key is initializing the analyzer to an established state.
FILE key menu makes it possible to save the current trace state in a memory of the analyzer or USB
flash memory, or make it to be loaded from them.
SAVE key immediately perform the currently defined saving function.
PRINT SETUP menu key makes it possible to set printing stuffs.
PRINT key immediately sends printing data to a printer.

8. This is a power switch. It is used when the main power switch on the back panel is on. If you lightly
press the key, there comes the power under STBY condition. If you click the key for three seconds,

16
 it can revert to a STBY condition from the state of turning on of the power.
9. This is a USB Connector for USB Flash memory and USB printer.

10. It is a Tracking Generator or CDMA Signal Generator input connector.

(It is not supplied when there is no option.)

11. It is an RF input connector.

12. A data controlling key including a step key, knob, and number key pad, makes it possible to change
the value of the currently activated functions.
The data controlling key is used for changing the value of functions including central frequency,
starting frequency, resolution band, and a marker location.
Data controlling changes the current functions in a stipulated way of functions concerned. For
instance, the central frequency may adjust value precisely by using a knob, or change the value to
be accurate value by using a step key or number key pad step by step.
The knob makes it possible to successively change the functions such as central frequency,
reference level, and a marker location. When you turn the knob clockwise, the value will go up. As
for making successive changes, the scope of adjustment will be determined upon the scale of the
scope of measurement.
The knob makes it possible to change central frequency, starting or suspending frequency, or
reference level. When the central frequency or reference level is adjusted, a signal may move from
the right to the left, or goes up or down in accordance with the revolution of the knob before a new
sweep is actually performed.
The number key pad is used for inputting accurate value on the currently established functions of
the analyzer. A decimal point might be used with a number part. If not, the decimal number will be
located at the end of the number.
The input of a number will be completed only when pressing a unit key. Once the input of the
number gets started, a unit key label will appear on a menu key. The unit key will be changed upon
the currently activated function. For instance, unit keys on frequency span are GHz, MHz, kHz, and
Hz, and a unit key of reference level is dBm.

17
 3-2. Function of a Rear Panel

[Figure 3-2] Outline of the Function of a Rear Panel

1. Fan cooling heats arisen from the inside of a device

2. External trigger input connector

3. Connector for communication via Ethernet

4. RS－232C connector

5. AC main power switch (including fuse)

6. Input/Output connector of the standard frequency, When the external standard frequency is inputted
in this connector, a user may be able to use this port by operating keys on a front panel.

7. Frame grounding circuit

8. GPIB connector

9. Connector for the use of a printer

10. AC power switch connecting a power code offered (including a fuse)

Includes two protective fuses for excessive electric current.

18
3-3. Explanation of a Display

The below is an example of an item that might be shown on a display of the analyzer.
Please refer to the below explanation for the explanation for a display item. A function key
indicates a key setting a function conforming to the item concerned.

[Figure 3-3] Indication of a Screen

[Table 3-1] Explanation of a Screen

Item Explanation Function Key

1 Detect mode I/O DETECT >> Detect
2 Reference level AMPLITUDE >> Ref Level
3 Activating function block Subject to changes in accordance with the selection of a key
4 Screen title DISPLAY >> Title >> Change Title
5 Time and date SYSTEM >> Time/Data
6 Attenuation AMPLITUDE >> Attenuation
7 Marker frequency Marker
8 Marker amplitude Marker
9 Menu title Subject to changes in accordance with the selection of a key

19
 Item Explanation Function Key
10 Menu Subject to changes in accordance with the selection of a key
Frequency span or Stop SPAN or
11
frequency FREQUENCY >> Stop Freq
12 Sweep time SWEEP >> Sweep Time
13 Video bandwidth BW/AVG >> Video BW
14 Frequency offset FREQUENCY >> Freq Offset
15 Resolution bandwidth BW/AVG >> Res BW
Center frequency or starting FREQUENCY >> Center Freq or
16
frequency FREQUENCY >> Start Freq
17 Trigger / Sweep TRIG, SWEEP
18 Trace mode TRACE
19 Video avg. BW/AVG >> Average
20 Display line DISPLAY >> Display Line
21 Amplitude offset AMPLITUDE >> Ref Level Offset
22 Amplitude scale AMPLITUDE >> Scale/Div

[Table 3-2] Explanation of a Screen on Trace Mode

Screen Code Explanation

W Clear Write
M Max Hold
V View
S Blank
m Min Hold

[Table 3-3] Explanation of a Screen on Trigger Mode

Screen Code Explanation

F Free Run
L Line trigger
V Video trigger
E External trigger

[Table 3-4] Explanation of a Screen on Sweep Mode

Screen Code Explanation

C Continuous sweep
S Single sweep

20
3-4. Outline of a Key

All key labeled as FREQUENCY, SYSTEM and MARKER, are an example of a key on
a front panel.
If you press a key on the front panel, a menu will appear on the right of the display LCD.

A menu shows functions other than functions that can be directly used by a key on the
front board. If you intend to activate a menu concerned, please press a menu key concerned.
The menu indicated will be changed in accordance with a key selected on the front panel.

When the value of the function concerned of the menu can be changed, it can be said that the
function concerned becomes activated. The label of the activated function will be emphasized
after the menu key concerned is pressed. For instance, please press AMPLITUDE key. Then, the
function labeled with Ref level, which is a basic selection key on the amplitude menu will be
activated. Next, Ref Level will show up on an activated function block, and you can input data.

Menus with the indication of on and off can be used for turning on and off of the
functions concerned of the menus. If you intend to activate the function, please press a menu
key so that there appears an underline below On. If you intend to inactivate the function,
please press a menu key so that there appears an underline below Off.

Functions with the indication of Auto and Man can manually change value or can be
automatically connected with other functions. The value of functions can be manually
changed by using a number key pad, scroll knob, or step key. If you intend to automatically
connect the functions, please press a menu key so that there can be an underline below Auto.

21
 3-5. Measurement Methods

The 80 MHz standard signal of the inside of an analyzer can be used as a test signal.

1. First, please turn on the device by pressing On. Please wait until the work for power approval and
alignment are completed.

2. Please press SYSTEM >> Power On/Preset >> Preset Type >> Factory in order, and select
a Factory Preset.

3. Please press a PRESET key. Turn on the 80 MHz standard signal of the inside of the analyzer by
pressing I/O DETECT >> Ref Out (On).

4. Please set frequency by pressing a FREQUENCY key.

A Center Freq of a Frequency menu on the activated function block on the left of a screen becomes
emphasized, and thus indicates that the center frequency function got activated. The activated
function block is a space within the lattice on the screen showing an activated function message.
The activated function value may be changed by using a scroll knob, step key, or number key pad.
Please set the center frequency as 80 MHz by pressing 80 MHz with a number key pad. Also, you
can use a scroll knob and a step key for setting the center frequency.

5. Please set a span by pressing a SPAN key.

Span is indicated on an activated function block, and a span button on the span menu is emphasized,
thus, they show that it is an activated function. Please reduce span to 20 MHz by using a scroll knob,
or pressing a step down key (↓) or 20 MHz.

6. Please set amplitude.

If the maximum value of a signal does not show up on a screen, please control the amplitude level
on a screen. Please press an AMPLITUDE key. Ref Level 0.0 dBm will show up on an activated
function block. Ref Level button will be emphasized, thus, it will show that reference level is an
activated function. Reference level is the highest lattice on the screen, and is set as 0.0 dBm. When
you change the value of this reference level, the amplitude level on the highest lattice line will be
changed. If you want to arrange the maximum value of a signal on the upper part of a screen by
using a scroll knob, a step key, or a number key pad, please use the reference level function. The

22
 figure 3-4 fully shows the relationship between the central frequency and reference level. The box
in the figure shows a display of the analyzer. The change of the center frequency changes the
horizontal location of the display. The change of reference level changes the vertical location of a
signal on the display. If you increase a span, the scope of frequency shown horizontal on the display
will increase.

[Figure 3-4] Relationship Between Frequency and Amplitude

7. Please set a marker.

The marker function measures the frequency and amplitude of a signal. You can find out the
frequency and amplitude of a signal by placing a diamond-shaped marker on the maximum value of
the signal.
If you intend to activate the marker, please press a marker key. A normal button will be emphasized,
thus, it shows that the marker is the activated function. Please place a marker on the maximum
value of a signal by turning a scroll knob. Also, you can automatically place a marker on the peak
of trace by using a PEAK SEARCH key.
The decipherment result of the marker frequency and amplitude will show up on an activated
function block, and on the upper right corner of the display. If you are to determine the amplitude of
a signal, please check the decipherment result of the marker.
When other function is activated, you can find the marker frequency and amplitude on the
ecipherment result of the marker on the upper right corner of the display.

23
 3-6. Summary of Measurement

1. Please press SYSTEM >> Power On/Preset >> Preset Type >> Factory in order. Please press a
PRESET key. Turn on the 80 MHz standard signal of the inside of the analyzer by pressing I/O
DETECT >> Ref Out (On).

2. Please set the center frequency by pressing the following key : FREQUENCY, 8, 0, MHz

3. Please set a span by pressing the following key : Span, 5, 0, 0, kHz

4. The 80 MHz standard signal of the inside of the analyzer is about -40 dBm. Please adjust reference
level to -30 dBm. If necessary, please activate reference level by pressing an amplitude key, and
locate the signal on the upper side of a screen by changing reference level by using a scroll knob or
step key.

5. Please determine the amplitude and frequency of a signal. You can move a marker to the maximum
value of a signal by pressing PEAK SEARCH or MARKER. Please read amplitude and frequency.
It should be indicated as the figure 3-5. The frequency is indicated horizontally, and the amplitude
vertically.

[Figure 3-5] Decipherment of Amplitude and Frequency

24
Chapter 4. Menu Structure
4-1. Frequency

4-2. Span

27
 4-3. Amplitude

4-4. Marker

28
4-5. Peak Search

4-6. Marker →

29
 4-7. I/O DETECT

4-8. Trace

30
4-9. BW/Avg

4-10. Trig

31
 4-11. Display

32
4-12. Sweep

4-13. Measure

33
 4-14. Measure Control

4-15. Measure Setup

※ a. Channel Power / b. Occupied BW / c. ACP

34
4-16. System

35
 4-17. File

36
4-18. File ( Save )

37
 4-19. File ( Load )

4-20. File ( Delete )

38
4-21. File ( Copy )

4-22. File ( Rename )

39
 4-23. File ( Create Dir )

4-24. Print Setup

40
Chapter 5. Explanation of a Key on the Front Panel
5-1. AMPLITUDE

It makes it possible to activate the function of changing reference level, and change
menus related to amplitude. The amplitude menu indicates or corrects data on a vertical axis.

■ Ref Level
You can change reference level. This function is basically activated when you press an
amplitude key. Reference level is a value expressed on the upper part of a lattice line on
a display. If you change the value of reference level, the reference level indicated on the
upper part of a lattice line on the display will be changed. You can change reference level
by using a step key, a scroll knob, or a number key pad. If you press any number among
0 ~ 9 on a number key pad, a unit menu of the current reference level will appear.
AMPLITUDE >> Ref Level

■ Attenuation Auto Man

Set the value of input attenuation to a 10 dB unit. The input attenuation of the analyzer
reduces the power level of an input signal entering the input mixer. When there appears
an underline below Auto, the appropriate input value of attenuation will be automatically
established in accordance with the currently established reference level. You can change
the input attenuation value by using a step key, a scroll knob, or a number key pad.
If you press any number among 0 ~ 9 on a number key pad, a unit menu will appear.
AMPLITUDE >> Attenuation

■ Scale/Div
It sets the log unit on the vertical lattice sector on a display. The scope of Scale/Div value is 1 dB ~
20 dB per vertical lattice sector, and can be changed by 1 dB unit. You can change the input
attenuation value by using a step key, a scroll knob, or a number key pad. If you press
any number among 0 ~ 9 on a number key pad, a unit menu will appear.
AMPLITUDE >> Scale/Div

43
 ■ Ref Level Offset
It adds the offset value to the currently indicated reference level. The reference level
offset value can be inputted only on the same number key pad. If you input the reference
level offset value, trace or input attenuation value will not be changed. The reference
level offset is used when there is a gain or loss of level between the inputs of a device
under test, and the analyzer. Accordingly, a signal level measured by the analyzer can be
thought to be the input level of the device for changing external amplitude. When the
reference level offset is inputted, the value will show up below the offset on the left of the screen. (it is
different from the frequency offset indicated below the lower part of a display.) In order to remove
offset, please press Ref Level Offset, 0, dB. Also, if you press Preset, the reference level offset value will
be established as 0 dB.
AMPLITUDE >> Ref Level Offset

■ Y Axis Units
It displays a menu for changing an amplitude unit. You can change the amplitude unit by
pressing dBm, dBmV, dBμV, Volts or Watts.
AMPLITUDE >> Y Axis Units

44
5-2. BW/Avg

It activates the resolution bandwidth function, and sets the bandwidth function and trace
average function.

■ Resolution BW Auto Man

The 3 dB resolution bandwidth of the analyzer can be changed to 1 kHz ~ 3 MHz on 1. 3.
10. sequence by using a scroll knob or a step key. When a usable bandwidth is inputted
on a number key pad, the most similar bandwidth will be used. When the resolution band
decreases, a sweep time will increase for keeping the correction of amplitude.
Also, the resolution bandwidth is connected to a span. When a span decreases, the
resolution band will also decrease. If the resolution bandwidth is changed, the video
band will be changed for keeping the ratio of VBW/RBW when in automatic connection
mode. When it is not connected, “#” mark will appear beside the Res BW on a display. If
you intend to connect the resolution bandwidth again, please press Resolution BW(Auto),
You can change the resolution bandwidth by using a step key, a scroll knob, or a number key
pad. If you press any number among 0 ~ 9 on a number key pad, a unit menu will appear.
BW/AVG >> Res BW

■ Video BW Auto Man

You can change the analyzer post-detective filter up to 10 Hz ~ 3 MHz on 1. 3. 10 sequence
by using a scroll knob or a step key. When the usable bandwidth is inputted on a number
key pad, the most similar bandwidth will be used. When the video bandwidth decreases,
a sweep time will increase for keeping the correction of amplitude. When it is not
connected, “#” mark will appear beside VBW on the lower part of the analyzer display.
If you intend to connect the resolution bandwidth again, please press Video BW(Auto),
You can change the video bandwidth by using a step key, a scroll knob, or a number key
pad. If you press any number among 0 ~ 9 on a number key pad, a unit menu will appear.
BW/AVG >> Video BW

■ VBW/RBW Auto Man

Select ratio between video bandwidth and resolution bandwidth. When a signal response
near the noise level, is visually indicated, it can be established below 1 for reducing
noise. A scroll knob and a step key change the ratio on 1, 3, 10 sequence. You can

45
 change the ratio by using a step key, a scroll knob, or a number key pad. If you press any
number among 0 ~ 9 on a number key pad, a unit menu will appear.
BW/AVG >> VBW/RBW

■ Average On Off
It turns on or off the trace average function. When the trace average function is on, and
the detector is in automatic mode, it will be changed to the sample mode.
BW/AVG >> Average

■ EMI Res BW
It makes it possible to select among the resolution bandwidth of 120 kHz, 9 kHz. This
function is established to be none, when the resolution bandwidth is established with
other value by using a Resolution BW key.
BW/AVG >> EMI Res BW

■ Avg Type Auto Man

It displays a menu that makes it possible to select an average type.

▪ Video
After taking the average of data in the current trace memory, put it on the trace memory
again, and display it. When the average type video is selected, VAvg will be indicated on the
left of display LCD.
BW/AVG >> Avg Type >> Video

▪ Pwr
After taking the average by converting data in the current trace memory, to a linear power
level, then convert it again to a log scale, and then display it. When the average type is
selected, PAvg will be indicated on the left of display LCD.
BW/AVG >> Avg Type >> Pwr

46
5-3. Display

It is a menu setting the parts indicated including a title, display line, and the indication of
lattice, on the analyzer.

■ Full Screen
It makes the measuring window indicated all over the display. If you press a key
indicating a new menu, the full screen function will be cancelled.
DISPLAY >> Full Screen

■ Display Line On Off

It activates the display line. The value of the display line is indicated on the activated
function block, or on the left of the display. The display line can be adjusted by using a
step key, a scroll knob, or a number key pad. If you press any number among 0 ~ 9 on a
number key pad, a unit menu will appear. If you intend to turn off the display line, please
press Display Line( Off ).
DISPLAY >> Display Line

■ Active Position
It makes it possible to change the location of the activated function block on a display.
DISPLAY >> Active Position

■ Title
It makes it possible to change or delete the title of a display.

▪ Change Title
It enables you to write a title on a title indication line on the upper part of a display. If you
press Change Title, the Alpha Editor menu including usable letters and signs will appear. The
title of a display will be kept until you press the change title again, or withdraw trace saved
along with the previous title.
You can delete the display title by using the delete function.
DISPLAY >> Title >> Change Title

47
 ▪ Clear Title
Delete the title on the title indication line on the upper part of a display. Once deleted,
it cannot be restored again.
DISPLAY >> Title >> Clear Title

▪ Graticule On Off
It turns on or off the display.
DISPLAY >> Graticule

5-4. File

It is a menu usable for loading, saving, and managing data from the memory inside the
analyzer. The file menu key opens a conversation box equivalent to the function selected.

■ Save
It enables you to save the analyzer state, trace, and screen data on the internal memory.
If you intend to save the file, please perform the following steps.

1. Pleases select data type to save by pressing a menu key concerned. As for trace, you should
select 1. 2. 3 or all on a source menu key.

2. Pleases select a format you want in a Format conversation box

3. If you intend to change a file name to save, please change the name by using a name menu key.

4. Please press a save now menu key after determining a location to save. When changing a
directory to save, please change the location to save by using a step key and a dir select menu
key.

▪ State
The state file saves the set-up of a device. You can save the analyzer state on a memory with
State.

▪ Trace
Trace can be saved independently or along with the analyzer state. Although CSV type can

48
 be read in a form of a spread sheet of a PC, it cannot be drawn to the analyzer. If you save
trace 1. 2 or 3, the trace selected can be saved along with the state. If you save the trace as
All, the trace are all saved along with State in a .trc single file.

▪ Screen
It enables you to save a screen image on a file, and to select GIF and Reverse GIF file format.
The screen image cannot be read with the analyzer.

■ Load
You can load the analyzer state and trace from the internal memory to the analyzer.
If you intend to load a file, please perform the following steps.

1. Put a select bar on a file to load by using a step key. You cannot load GIF file by the analyzer.
As for trace file, please select trace 1. 2 or 3 on Destination.

2. If you are ready to load, please press a Load Now menu key.

▪ State
The state file includes the set-up of the analyzer. If you load the state, the most of set-up is
restored to the value previously saved.

▪ Trace
Trace can be loaded along with the analyzer state when saved. If you load Trace, it will be in
View mode. If you load Trace, it will go to Trace 1 except for Trace All returning to a
location of the state that each trace is saved. Trace + State type only can be loaded.

■ Delete
It deletes a file as a memory of the analyzer.

■ Copy
It copies a file on other directories of the internal analyzer or USB flash memory.

■ Rename
It changes a file name.

49
 ■ Create Dir
It creates a new directory on the internal memory of the analyzer.

5-5. FREQUENCY

It activates the center frequency set-up function, and displays the menu of the frequency
function. The value of the center frequency or starting and stop frequency are shown below
the lattice of the display.
The analyzer allows the frequency input of the scope exceeding the designated frequency.
However, it prohibits the use of frequency exceeding the scope of frequency of the analyzer.

■ Center Freq
It sets the center frequency. The center frequency can be changed by using a step key,
scroll knob, or a number key pad. . If you press any number among 0 ~ 9 on a number
key pad, a unit menu will appear.
FREQUENCY >> Center Freq

■ Start Freq
It sets the start frequency. The left and right of the lattice conform to the start and stop
frequencies. When the function of changing this start frequency gets activated, the start
frequency and stop frequency will be indicated on a location indicating the center
frequency under the lattice and a span. The start frequency can be changed by using a
step key, scroll knob, or a number key pad. If you press any number among 0 ~ 9 on a
number key pad, a unit menu will appear.
FREQUENCY >> Start Freq

■ Stop Freq
It sets the stop frequency. The left and right of the lattice conform to the start and stop
frequencies. When the function of changing this stop frequency gets activated, the start
frequency and stop frequency will be indicated on a location indicating the center
frequency under the lattice and a span. The stop frequency can be changed by using a
step key, scroll knob, or a number key pad. If you press any number among 0 ~ 9 on a
number key pad, a unit menu will appear.
FREQUENCY >> Stop Freq

50
■ CF Step Auto Man
It changes the center frequency step. The scale of the center frequency step is changed,
and the center frequency button on the frequency menu is emphasized, thus, the center
frequency function gets activated. Then, a step key will change the center frequency in
accordance with the scale of the center frequency step. The center frequency step
function is useful for finding out harmonics or side band exceeding the current frequency
span of the analyzer. When selecting Auto, the scale of the center frequency step will be established
as one lattice (10% of a span). It can be changed by using a step key, scroll knob, or a
number key pad. If you press any number among 0 ~ 9 on a number key pad, a unit
menu will appear.
FREQUENCY >> CF Step

■ Freq Offset
It enables you to input the frequency offset value. The offset can be inputted only in a
number key pad. Even if you input the offset, there is no change in trace. If you intend to
remove the offset, please press Freq Offset, 0, Hz. When the frequency offset is inputted,
the value will show up on the lower part of the display. (it is different from the reference
level offset indicated on the left of the display.)
FREQUENCY >> Freq Offset

■ Signal Track On Off

When it is On, the peak of the current trace memory is indicated in the center after the
sweep is over. Signal Track function gets inactivated in a zero span.
FREQUENCY >> Signal Track

51
 5-6. I/O DETECT

■ 10 MHz
It selects the use of the 10 MHz standard signal of the analyzer. When Int(Internal) is
selected, use the standard signal of the inside of the analyzer, and output the 10 MHz
standard signal with a port on the back. When Ext(External) is selected, use a signal
coming into the standard frequency input/output port on the back as the 10 MHz
standard frequency.
I/O DETECT >> 10 MHz

■ Ref Out (f = 80MHz) On Off

It turns on or off the internal 80 MHz standard signal. When the internal amplitude
standard signal is on, RF input cannot be used.
I/O DETECT >> Ref Out

■ Detect
It enables you to select among Peak, Sample, Normal, Average, and Neg Peak detection
modes.

▪ Peak
When selected, the peak is shown on the upper part of the left of the display. The detection of
the peak is mainly used for detecting a signal on the noise level.
Find out the maximum level between the current display indicating point and the next indicating
point, and save the level on a trace memory where it meets the current indicating point.

▪ Sample
When selected, the Samp is shown up on the upper part of the left of the display.
The detection of a sample is used for indicating noise or a signal similar to noise.
The inspecting signal level on the current display point is saved on a trace memory.

▪ Normal
When selected, the Norm is shown up on the upper part of the left of the display.
The detection of normal is the detection mode combining the accurate signal measurement
of the peak, and the noise display function of the detection of a sample.

52
▪ Average
When selected, the Avg is shown up on the upper part of the left of the display. It saves the
average data between the detection of the Peak and the Neg Peak. It is used for reducing
VBW or irregular noise without using the trace average function. This function makes the
indication of the averaged value to be with swifter sweep speed.

▪ Neg Peak
When selected, the NPk is shown up on the upper part of the left of the display.
The detection of the Neg Peak is used for searching for a similar signal below the noise level.
Find out the minimal level between the current display indicating point and the next
indicating point, and save the level on a trace memory where it meets the current indicating
point.
I/O DETECT >> Detect

53
 5-7. Marker

You can turn on or off by selecting a marker type and number. The marker is a diamond-shaped letter
showing a point. There can be four couples of markers at the maximum on the display at the
same time. Only one couple can be controlled at one time. The marker controlled is called
“activated” marker. If you press Marker, the Normal menu key gets activated.

■ Select Marker 1 2 3 4
Select one marker among 4 markers. Then, a marker already on, is activated when
selected. When the marker is designated to a different trace while it is already on, the
marker will be inactivated on trace concerned when selected.
MARKER >> Select Marker

■ Normal
When the marker is not yet indicated, a single frequency marker on the currently
selected marker will be activated on the center frequency. When the marker is already
indicated, it becomes activated on a selected location. The marker number is indicated on
the marker. The indications on the activated function block and the right of the display
show the frequency and amplitude of a marker. If you press Normal, the Delta function
goes out, and the activated marker moves to the location of the Delta marker.
MARKER >> Normal

■ Delta
The second marker gets activated on the location of the first marker. (When there is no
marker, two markers appear on the center of the display.) The amplitude and frequency
of the first marker were fixed. The marker number is indicated on the Delta marker, and
the same number is indicated on the standard marker as R. (For instance, 1R) The
indications on the activated function block and the right of the display show the
difference between the frequency and amplitude of two markers.
MARKER >> Delta

■ Delta Pair Ref Delta

It converts to a mode that two markers can be independently adjusted. When you press
Delta Pair, there is a conversion between Reference marker and Delta. The reference

54
 marker number is indicated on the marker as R, (for instance, 1R) and Delta marker is
indicated as a marker number.
MARKER >> Delta Pair

■ Span Pair Span Center

It converts to a mode that two markers can be independently adjusted. If you press Span
pair, there is a conversion between a span and the center marker. The reference marker
number is indicated on the marker as R, (for instance, 1R) and Delta marker is indicated
as a marker number. If you adjust a span, the difference between the two markers will be
changed. If you change the center, the center point of the two markers will be changed.
MARKER >> Span Pair

■ Off
Turn off the selected marker with Select Marker 1 2 3 4 keys. It removes a marker
indication on the display.
MARKER >> Off

■ Marker Trace Auto 1 2 3

It designates a marker on trace. If you press Marker Trace Auto 1 2 3, a marker on trace
1 will be activated when there is no marker on. While the marker is currently activated, press
Marker Trace Auto 1 2 3 until there shows up an underline on 1, 2, or 3. The current activated marker
will move to selected trace. If you select Auto mode, the marker will automatically move to
the selected trace.
MARKER >> Marker Trace

■ Readout
It changes the activated marker value.

▪ Frequency
It sets the marker value as frequency. It is a basic value when it is not on zero span,
The following keys are used.

▪ Period
It sets the marker value as a period. It shows the reverse value of the frequency.

55
 ▪ Time
It sets the marker value as a time. It is a basic value when it is on zero span.
MARKER >> Readout

■ Marker Table On Off

It shows a marker table on the display. The information includes marker number,
trace number, X axis value, and the amplitude.
MARKER >> Marker Table

■ Marker All Off

It turns off all markers. Also, it deletes the marker indication.
MARKER >> Marker All Off

56
5-8. Marker →

■ Mkr → CF
It sets the marker frequency as the center frequency. On Delta marker mode, Mkr → CF
sets the center frequency as the marker delta value. Mkr → CF cannot be used when it is on
zero span.
MARKER → >> Mkr → CF

■ Mkr → CF Step
It changes the scale of the center frequency step so that it can match the activated marker
value. In order to see the scale of the step, please press FREQUENCY >> CF Step. As
for marker delta mode, the scale of the step is established as the difference between a
marker and the frequency. Mkr → CF Step cannot be used when it is on zero span.
MARKER → >> Mkr → CF Step

■ Mkr → Start
It sets the marker frequency as the start frequency. On delta marker mode, Mkr → Start
sets the start frequency as the marker delta value. Mkr → Start cannot be used when it
is on zero span.
MARKER → >> Mkr → Start

■ Mkr → Stop
It sets the marker frequency as the stop frequency. On delta marker mode, Mkr → Stop
sets the stop frequency as the marker delta value. Mkr → Stop cannot be used when it
is on zero span.
MARKER → >> Mkr → Stop

■ Mkr Delta → Span

It sets the start and stop frequencies as the delta marker. Mkr Delta → Start cannot be
used when the marker is off, or is on zero span.
MARKER → >> Mkr Delta → Span

57
 ■ Mkr Delta → CF Step
It sets the difference between markers as the scale of the center frequency. If you want to
see the scale of the step, please press FREQUENCY >> CF Step. Mkr Delta → CF Step
cannot be used when the marker is off, or is on zero span.
MARKER → >> Mkr Delta → CF Step

■ Mkr → Ref Lvl

It sets the analyzer so that reference level can be the amplitude of a marker. On delta
mode, Mkr → Ref Lvl sets the reference level as the difference of amplitudes between
markers.
MARKER → >> Mkr → Ref Lvl

58
5-9. Meas Control

It enables you to temporarily stop the power measurement function usable on a measure
key menu, or resume it. Also, the Meas Control enables you to select continuous sweep or
single sweep.

■ Restart
It repeats measurement from the beginning.
MEAS CONTROL >> Restart

■ Measure Cont Single

Measure(Single) indicates the measurement result through one-time measurement sweep.
Measure(Cont) successively performs measurement, and shows the result by every
measurement sweep.
MEAS CONTROL >> Measure

■ Pause
It temporarily stops measurement. If you press Pause, it makes conversion between the
temporary pause of measurement and resume.
The key label makes conversion between Pause and Resume.
MEAS CONTROL >> Pause

■ Resume
It resumes the temporarily suspended measurement. The key label makes conversion
between Pause and Resume.
MEAS CONTROL >> Resume

59
 5-10. Meas Setup

It indicates the measurement set-up menu. The indicated set-up menu shows differently in
accordance with selected measurement (ACP, Channel Power, Occupied BW, etc.) on the
measure menu.

■ ACP Meas Setup

It sets the adjacent channel power measurement function.

▪ Avg Number On Off

In order to designate the average measurement number, please press Avg Number (On).
When each sweep is over, the average value will appear. Avg Number (Off ) inactivates the
average measurement.
MEAS SETUP >> Avg Number

▪ Ch Integ BW
It designates the scope used in calculating the power on the center channel.
MEAS SETUP >> Ch Integ BW

▪ Offset BW
It designates the scope used in calculating the power on the adjacent channel.
MEAS SETUP >> Offset >> Offset BW

▪ Offset Freq
It designates the difference between the center frequency of the center channel, and the
center frequency of the adjacent channel.
MEAS SETUP >> Offset >> Offset Freq

■ Channel Power Meas Setup

It sets the channel power measurement function.

▪ Avg Number On Off

In order to designate the average number, please press Avg Number (On). The average value
will appear when each sweep is over. Avg Number (Off ) inactivates the average measurement.

60
 MEAS SETUP >> Avg Number

▪ Integ BW
It sets the scope of making calculation of channel power.
MEAS SETUP >> Integ BW

▪ Chan pwr span

It sets the span of the analyzer on the channel power measurement.

■ Occupied BW Meas Setup

It sets the occupied bandwidth measurement function.

▪ Avg Number On Off

In order to designate the average number, please press Avg Number (On). The average value
will appear when each sweep is over. Avg Number (Off) inactivates the average measurement.
MEAS SETUP >> Avg Number

▪ OBW span
It sets the span of the analyzer on the occupied bandwidth measurement.
MEAS SETUP >> OBW Span

▪ Occ BW % Pwr
It changes the ratio of signal power used for determining the occupied bandwidth.
MEAS SETUP >> Occ BW % Pwr

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 5-11. MEASURE

It performs diverse measurement functions including the adjacent channel power,

channel power, and occupied bandwidth

■ Meas Off
It turns off the measurement function.
MEASURE >> Meas Off

■ ACP
It calculates power in the center and adjacent channel of a signal. A marker point can be
established as a measurement set-up menu while ACP is selected.

If you press Meas Setup while ACP is selected, you can set the adjacent channel power
measurement parameter. If you press Meas Control when ACP is selected, the
measurement can be temporarily suspended or resumed or makes conversion between
continuous or single modes.
MEASURE >> ACP

■ Channel Power
It calculates power and power spectrum density on a channel bandwidth designated by a
user. A marker on the display indicates the end of the channel bandwidth. The marker
selects Channel Power, and can be established as a Meas Setup menu. It operates on
single or continuous sweep mode.

If you press Meas Set-up after selecting Channel Power, you can set the channel power
measurement parameter. If you press Meas Control after selecting Channel Power, you
can temporarily suspend or resume measurement or make conversion between
continuous or single sweep modes.
MEASURE >> Channel Pwr

■ Occupied BW
The basic value of measurement is 99% of occupied bandwidth power. The measurement
operates on single or continuous sweep mode.

62
If you press Meas Set-up after selecting Occupied BW, you can set the occupied
bandwidth power measurement parameter. If you press Meas Control after selecting
Occupied BW, you can temporarily suspend or resume measurement or make conversion
between continuous or single sweep modes.
MEASURE >> Occupied BW

63
 5-12. Preset

It sets the state of the analyzer to the state of being delivered from a factory, while
pressing Preset (when Preset (Factory) is selected). As for the set-up of the state of a free set,
please refer to the following table of conditions of free set. If you are to select Preset
(Factory), press SYSTEM >> Power On/Preset >> Preset Type (Factory).

[Table 5-1] Conditions of Free Set

Amplitude Unit dBm

Indication and Lattice Display On

Attenuation 30 dB

Center Frequency 1.5 GHz

Start Frequency 0 Hz

Stop Frequency 3.0 GHz

CF Step 10% of a span

Detect Normal

Display Line -25 dBm, display turns off.

Frequency Offset 0 Hz

Log Scale 10 dB per sector

Reference Level 0 dBm

Reference Level Offset 0 dB

Marker Off

Resolution Bandwidth 3 MHz ( Auto )

Video Bandwidth 3 MHz ( Auto )

VBW/RBW Ratio 1.000

Video Avg. Off

Span 3.0 GHz

Sweep Continuous

Title Clear

Trace 1 Clear-Write

Trace 2 Blank

Trace 3 Blank

Trigger Free Run

64
5-13. Print

Please press a print key if you want to immediately output the screen with the currently
defined printer. The screen will remain temporarily suspended until the data transmission is
completed.(there is no more sweep proceeded.) As for the set-up of a printer, please refer to
the explanation of a Print Set-up key in this chapter.

5-14. Print Setup

It defines a printer, and selects a printer option.

■ Printer
Determine whether to output printed data via a Centronics printer port or USB printer port.
PRINT SETUP >> Printer

■ Printer Setup
Select a printer driver concerned on the inside of the analyzer.
PRINT SETUP >> Printer Setup

■ Orientation
Select between Portrait or Landscape print.
PRINT SETUP >> Orientation

■ Page Size
Select a paper to print.
PRINT SETUP >> PageSize

65
 5-15. Return

It returns to the previous menu. If you repeatedly press this key, it will return to the menu
previously selected.

5-16. Peak Search

It moves a marker to the maximum label by detecting the largest label among waves
outputted from the current screen, in the entire trace. If there is no peak, the marker will not
move. When there is no mark indicated, marker 1 will appear.

■ Next Peak
It detects the second largest peak next to the current marker label, and moves it to the
place. If you successively performs it, you can detect the peak that you can find the next,
and move the marker to each peak.
PEAK SEARCH >> Next Peak

■ Next PK Right
It moves to the next peak of the right of the current marker. In order to be recognized as
the signal peak, the level of the signal should be moved after it increase or decrease as
much as the value of excursion (6 dB). When there is no peak on the right, the marker
does not move.
PEAK SEARCH >> Next PK Right

■ Next PK Left
It moves to the next peak on the left of the current marker. In order to be recognized as the
signal peak, the level of the signal should be moved after it increase or decrease as much as
the value of excursion (6 dB). When there is no peak on the left, the marker does not move.
PEAK SEARCH >> Next PK Left

■ Min Search
It moves a marker on the current trace to the minimal level.
PEAK SEARCH >> Min Search

66
■ PK-PK Search
It finds out and indicates the difference between frequencies between the highest tracer
point and the lowest tracer point (or when the span is 0), and the amplitude.
PEAK SEARCH >> PK-PK Search

■ Continuous Pk On Off
When it is On, the marker is located on the highest level of trace, and when the sweep is
over, it successively detects the highest level, and locates the marker.
PEAK SEARCH >> Continuous Pk

■ Mkr → CF
It sets the center frequency of the analyzer as the marker frequency. On delta mode, Mkr →
CF sets the center frequency as the marker delta value. Mkr → CF cannot be used when it is
on zero span.
PEAK SEARCH >> Mkr → CF

67
 5-17. Single Sweep

When the analyzer is on continuous sweep mode, it converts to a single sweep. When the
analyzer is already on single sweep mode, it performs a new sweep once if the trigger meets
the conditions.

■ SINGLE
SWEEP >> Sweep

5-18. SPAN

It activates the span function, and makes it possible to change the span.

■ Full Span
It sets the span as the entire frequency scope of the analyzer.
SPAN >> Full Span

■ Zero Span
It changes the frequency span as 0.
SPAN >> Zero Span

■ Last Span
It changes the frequency span of the analyzer to the previous span.
SPAN >> Last Span

68
5-19. Sweep

■ Sweep Time Auto Man

It sets the time for the analyzer to take for sweeping the currently established frequency
span. If the sweep time is reduced, the sweep speed increases. The sweep time can be
changed by using a step key, a scroll knob, or a number key pad. If you press any
number among 0 ~ 9 on a number key pad, a unit menu will appear.
SWEEP >> Sweep Time

■ Sweep Cont Single

It makes a conversion between continuous sweep mode and single sweep mode. If you
press Sweep (Single), the analyzer will be established as single sweep mode. To check
the sweep on single sweep mode, please press the single on the front panel. When Sweep
(Cont) is selected, the next sweep will follow after it is triggered.
SWEEP >> Sweep

69
 5-20. System

The System menu appears.

■ Power On Preset
If you press the Power On Preset button, the following menus will appear.

▪ Power On Last Preset

It determines the state of the analyzer when you turn on the analyzer. When the function of
turning on power is established as Preset, the state of the analyzer becomes the same of
pressing Preset while the analyzer is turned on. When the function of turning on power is
established as Last, the state of the analyzer will be restored to the previous state where the
power was still on.

Although you press Preset, the set-up (Last or Preset) of the function of turning on power is
not changed, To change the set-up of the state of the analyzer restored when inputting power,
please use the Power On/Preset menu key.

▪ Preset Type Factory User

If you press Preset (Factory), it becomes initialized in accordance with the composition of
the original state of the analyzer, which was established in delivery. If you press Preset
(User), you can set the analyzer as saved by the Save User Preset key. Also, if you press
Preset (Factory) and Preset (User), the initialization of the device gets started. (Please refer
to the Preset in this chapter.)

Save User Preset

When you press Save User Preset, the current state of the analyzer is saved on the User
Preset register.

■ Time/Date
There appears a menu that you can change time and date.

▪ Time/Date
It turns on and off the time and date.

70
 SYSTEM >> Time/Date >> Time/Date

▪ Date Format
It changes the display type of a date from MM-DD-YY to DD-MM-YY.
SYSTEM >> Time/Date >> Date Format

▪ Set Time
It sets the time. Please input the time in accordance with the 24 hrs HHMMSS form by using
a number key pad, and press Enter. The effective time values (HH) are 00 ~ 23. The effective
MM and SS values are 00 ~ 59.
SYSTEM >> Time/Date >> Set Time

▪ Set Date
It sets a date. Please input a date in accordance with YYYYMMDD form by using a number
key pad, and press Enter. The effective YYYYs are from 2000 to 2037. The effective MM
value is 01 ~ 12, and the DD is 01 ~ 31. Use the following keys.
SYSTEM >> Time/Date >> Set Date

■ Alignments
It enables you to accurately acquire frequency and level by arranging the internal circuit
of the analyzer.

▪ Align Now
It immediately starts the arrangement of a system.
SYSTEM >> Align Now

▪ Align Auto
Off turns off the automatic arrangement. When you select On, the arrangement work of the
analyzer will be automatically made every 30 minutes.
SYSTEM >> Align Auto

■ Show System
There are the model number, serial number, firmware version, the version of each board
within the device, and the state of the set-up of an option of the analyzer.

71
 SYSTEM >> Show System

■ Diagnostics

▪ Front Panel Test

It enables you to check the function of keys on each front panel. Whenever you press the key,
the number beside the name of each key will be increased. If you turn a knob, the number of
pulse will be counted. If you intend to terminate it, please press Esc.
SYSTEM >> Diagnostics >> Front Panel Test

▪ Screen Test Black Pixel

It displays the pixels of a display LCD screen as all black.
SYSTEM >> Diagnostics >> Screen Test Black Pixel

▪ Screen Test White Pixel

It displays the pixels of a display LCD screen as all white.
SYSTEM >> Diagnostics >> Screen Test White Pixel

■ Program Update
LPT-3000 offers convenient ways to update firmware. Copy firmware update file
downloaded from a corporate website on a USB flash memory. Equip the USB flash
memory to the front USB port, and press a menu key concerned. Then you will see a file
list, and then press an update menu key while placing a file selection bar on an update
file. Then, there will be a message of “Program update success. Reboot LPT-3000.” On a
status window on the most lower part of display LCD, when the update was successful,
and if you turn on the power of the analyzer and turn on it again, the updated file will be
applied to the analyzer.
SYSTEM >> Program Update

72
5-21. Trig

It selects trigger mode of the analyzer.

■ Free Run
When sweep is over, it will immediately start the next sweep.
TRIG >> Free Run

■ Video
It is synchronized with an ascending angle of detection wave bigger than trigger level,
thus, it will start sweep.
TRIG >> Video

■ Line
It is synchronized with AC power frequency, it will start sweep. Line trigger is
conveniently used when observing waves related to power.
TRIG >> Line

■ External Pos Neg

It is synchronized with external trigger source, thus, it will start sweep. The sweep starts
from the ascending/descending angle of the signal wave form inputted on EXT TRIG
input connector of the back panel. To start the trigger, TTL input signal is required.
TRIG >> External

■ Trig Delay On Off

You can set the delay of the time that the analyzer is awaiting, or turn it on or off before
starting sweep after receiving the external trigger signal. This function can be used only
when it is an external trigger.
TRIG >> Trig Delay

73
 5-22. Trace

It saves and establishes amplitude information drawn on the display LCD screen. Each
trace is composed of a series of data memories including the amplitude information. The
analyzer renews trace information whenever the sweep is over.

■ Trace 1 2 3
Select trace 1, trace 2, and trace 3. Please press a trace key until there appears an
underline below the trance number that you want.
TRACE >> Trace

■ Clear Write
It deletes data previously saved in trace memory selected, it saves amplitude data newly
acquired after sweep, and indicate amplitude data on display LCD screen. This function
is applied to trace 1 when inputting power.
TRACE >> Clear Write

■ Max Hold
Keep the current amplitude data of each point of trace memory selected, and renew the
current trace memory with new amplitude data when the bigger level than the amplitude
data of the current trace memory among amplitude data newly acquired from sweep, is
acquired.
TRACE >> Max Hold

■ Min Hold
Keep the current amplitude data of each point of trace memory selected, and renew the
current trace memory with new amplitude data when the smaller level than the amplitude
data of the current trace memory among amplitude data newly acquired from sweep, is
acquired.
TRACE >> Min Hold

■ View
Keep the amplitude data of trace memory selected, and indicate it on display LCD. Trace
memory does not be renewed even after sweep. When inactivating trace by pressing

74
 Blank, you can read trace data saved by pressing View.
TRACE >> View

■ Blank
Save amplitude data on the selected trace, and delete it on the display. The trace memory
selected will not be renewed even after sweep. This function will be applied to trace 2
and 4 when inputting AC power.
TRACE >> Blank

75
Chapter 6. Function Test
6-1. Definition of Function Test

The function test means a test on diverse functions of the analyzer, and is to check whether the
analyzer normally operates. Before inspection or after repair, it is better check the operation the
analyzer. The objective of the function test lies in testing a device operating on the scope of
stipulated temperature suited to the standard of the device with the minimal test device.

6-2. Test Explanation

The following is the explanation on the test, thus, it lists up each test standard, explanation
on the test objective or measurement value, lists of the specifications of devices necessary for
the test performance, test configuration, and test procedure by step. In terms of the test
objective, the operation of the device should be tested in the scope of stipulated temperature
for operation, suited to the standard of the device. You should perform test only after the
stipulated heating time has passed.

In this chapter, the following tests are explained.

1. Displayed average noise level

2. Frequency readout accuracy
3. Frequency response
4. Reference level accuracy
5. Resolution bandwidth switching error
6. Display scale linearity
7. Second harmonic distortion

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 6-3. Displayed Average Noise Level

■ Test Standard

Frequency Range Measured Frequency Display Line Center Value

10 MHz ~ 1.0 GHz 1.0 GHz -105 dBm
1.0 GHz ~ 2.4 GHz 2.0 GHz -100 dBm
2.4 GHz ~ 3.0 GHz 3.0 GHz -95 dBm

■ Explanation on the Test

The displayed average noise level means a noise level within the inside of the analyzer
itself, and becomes the standard for measuring a small power signal. It is measured within
the scope of designated frequency, and the actual measurement will be performed in the
representative frequency by frequency bandwidth. The input of the analyzer is terminated
as 50 Ω.

■ Requirements for the Device

Termination (50 Ω Type-N(m))

[Figure 6-1]

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■ Test Procedures (10 MHz ~ 1.0 GHz)
1. Please press the Preset of the analyzer. Wait until the Preset procedure is over.
FREQUENCY >> Center Freq >> 1.0 GHz
SPAN >> 20 kHz
AMPLITUDE >> -70 dBm
BW/AVG >> 1 kHz
Video BW >> 10 Hz

2. Please press the following key on the analyzer.

BW/AVG >> Average (On) >> 10 >> Enter
Please wait until Avg 10 appears on the left of the lattice. (The analyzer performs ten times of sweeps.)

3. Please press the following value on the analyzer.

DISPLAY >> Display Line (On)
Please ignore the remaining response, and adjust the display line to appear in the center of noise.

4. Please record the average noise level read in the display line.

■ Test Procedures (1.0 GHz ~ 2.0 GHz)

1. Please press the Preset of the analyzer. Wait until the Preset procedure is over.
FREQUENCY >> Center Freq >> 2.0 GHz
SPAN >> 20 kHz
AMPLITUDE >> -70 dBm
BW/AVG >> 1 kHz
Video BW >> 10 Hz

2. Please press the following key on the analyzer.

BW/AVG >> Average (On) >> 10 >> Enter
Please wait until Avg 10 appears on the left of the lattice. (The analyzer performs ten times of sweeps.)

81
 3. Please press the following key on the analyzer.
DISPLAY >> Display Line (On)
Please ignore the remaining response, and adjust the display line to appear in the center of noise.

4. Please record the average noise level read in the display line.

■ Test Procedures (2.0 GHz ~ 3.0 GHz)

1. Please press the Preset of the analyzer. Wait until the Preset procedure is over.
FREQUENCY >> Center Freq >> 3.0 GHz
SPAN >> 20 kHz
AMPLITUDE >> -70dBm
BW/AVG >> 1 kHz
Video BW >> 10 Hz

2. Please press the following key on the analyzer.

BW/AVG >> Average (On) >> 10 >> Enter
Please wait until Avg 10 appears on the left of the lattice. (The analyzer performs ten times of sweeps.)

3. Please press the following key on the analyzer.

DISPLAY >> Display Line (On)
Please ignore the remaining response, and adjust the display line to appear in the center of noise.

4. Please record the average noise level read in the display line.

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6-4. Frequency Readout Accuracy

■ Test Standard

Span Minimum Maximum

100 kHz 0.999996000 GHz 1.000004000 GHz
10 MHz 0.999649500 GHz 1.000350500 GHz

■ Explanation on the Test

The frequency readout accuracy of the analyzer is tested with an input signal of frequency
that is already known. For accurate test, you can use the same standard frequency to the
analyzer and the signal generator.

The standards of calculating the specification of the analyzer are as follows.

Frequency readout accuracy : ±(frequency readout value × accuracy of the standard

oscillator + span x span accuracy + RBW × 0.5)

Example of the frequency readout accuracy : When frequency 1 GHz, Span 100 kHz,
RBW 1 kHz,

Example of calculation : (1 × 109 Hz × 0.5 × 10-6 / [Link]) = 500 Hz

(100 kHz × 3 % ) = 3000 Hz
(1 kHz × 0.5) = 500 Hz
Total Î ±(500 Hz + 3000 Hz + 500 Hz = 4000 Hz)

■ Requirements for the device

Signal generator (10 MHz ~ 3 GHz)
Adaptor : Type-N( f )
Cable : Type-N, 100 cm
BNC, 100 cm

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 ■ Test Procedures
Please connect the device as the figure 6-2. Connect the 10 MHz REF OUT of the analyzer
to the 10 MHz REF IN of a signal generator.

[Figure 6-2]

1. Please set the control device as follows, after pressing INSTRUMENT PRESET of a signal generator.
FREQUENCY >> 1.0 GHz
AMPLITUDE >> -10 dBm

2. Please wait until the Preset procedures are over, after pressing the Preset of the analyzer.
Please set the analyzer by pressing the following keys.
FREQUENCY >> 1.0 GHz
SPAN >> 100 kHz
BW/AVG >> Res BW >> 1 kHz
Video BW >> 1 kHz

3. Please measure the frequency value by pressing the PEAK SEARCH of the analyzer. When the
device is normally operating, the measured frequency should be between 0.999996000 GHz ~
1.000004000 GHz.

4. Please set the analyzer as follows.

SPAN >> 10 MHz
BW/AVG >> Res BW >> 100 kHz
Video BW >> 100 kHz

84
 5. Please measure the frequency value by pressing the PEAK SEARCH of the analyzer. When the
device is normally operating, the measured frequency should be between 0.999649500 GHz ~
1.000350500 GHz.

6-5. Frequency Response (Flatness)

■ Test Standard

Frequency Minimum (dB) Maximum (dB)

100 kHz ~ 10 MHz -3.5 1.5
10 MHz ~ 3 GHz -1.5 1.5

■ Explanation on the Test

The output of a signal generator is transmitted to the power sensor and the analyzer
through a power splitter. To make the indicated signal to be placed on the center horizontal
lattice of the analyzer, adjust the power level of the signal generator to 80 MHz. It is
measured in diverse spots in accordance with the model under test. Remove errors due to
source amplitude by measuring the signal source amplitude with a power meter. Before
starting the measurement, adjust the zeroing of the power meter.

■ Requirements for the Device

Signal generator
Adaptor : Type-N( f ) ~ BNC( f )
BNC( f ) ~ SMA( m )
Cable : Type-N 150 cm
Both-ends BNC 100 cm
Power meter
Power sensor
Power splitter

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 ■ Test Procedures
Adjust the zeroing of the power meter and power sensor.
Please connect the device as the figure 6-3

[Figure 6-3]

1. Please set a signal generator as follows.

FREQUENCY >> 80 MHz
AMPLITUDE >> -30 dBm

2. Please wait until the Preset procedures are over, after pressing the Preset of the analyzer.
Please set the analyzer by pressing the following keys.
FREQUENCY >> 80 MHz
CF Step >> 50 MHz
SPAN >> 20 kHz
AMPLITUDE >> -30 dBm
AMPLITUDE >> -30 dBm >> Attenuation >> 0 dB
Scale/Div >> 2 dB
BW/AVG >> 10 kHz
Video BW >> 3 kHz
PEAK SEARCH

3. Please adjust the frequency of the signal generator so that the marker frequency value is between -
34 dBm + / - 0.10 dB.

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 4. Please refer to the table 6-1, Frequency Response Report. Please input 80 MHz of the marker
reading value on an amplitude column of the analyzer as indicated.

5. Please input the power meter reading value on an amplitude column of the power meter.

6. Calculate the 80 MHz frequency response error with the following formula, and record the result
on a response error column.
Frequency response error = Amplitude of the analyzer - Amplitude of a power meter

7. Please perform the following steps by set-up of the center frequency in the table 6-1.
1) Adjust source to the following frequency in the center frequency column.
2) Perform the calibration of the power meter to the new test frequency.
3) Adjust the center frequency of the analyzer by pressing FREQUENCY, Center Freq, “n”, MHz.
(here, “n” is the following test frequency in the table 6-1.)
4) Press PEAK SEARCH.
5) Input the reading value of the power meter on the power meter amplitude column.
6) Input the reading value of the analyzer on the amplitude column.
7) Calculate the frequency response error with the following formula, and record the result on a
response error column.

Frequency response error = Amplitude of the analyzer – Amplitude of the power meter
The frequency response error should be smaller than the designated scale.

[Table 6-1]

Amplitude of the Test Standard of

Center Amplitude of the Frequency
Wattmeter Frequency Response
Frequency Analyzer Response Error
( Wattmeter ) Error (dB)
80 MHz ±1.5
300 MHz ±1.5
500 MHz ±1.5
1000 MHz ±1.5
1500 MHz ±1.5
2000 MHz ±1.5
2500 MHz ±1.5
3000 MHz ±1.5

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 6-6. Reference Level Accuracy

■ Test Standard
[Table 6-2]

Reference Level Minimum Standard (dB) Maximum Standard (dB)

0 dBm -1.5 1.5

-10 dBm -1.5 1.5
-20 dBm -1.5 1.5
-30 dBm -1.5 1.5
-40 dBm -1.5 1.5
-50 dBm -1.5 1.5
-60 dBm -1.5 1.5
-70 dBm -1.5 1.5

■ Explanation on the Test

Apply an input 80 MHz CW signal to the analyzer. Then, reference level of source
amplitude and the analyzer will decrease to 10 dB level. The marker function of the
analyzer will be used for measuring the difference between amplitudes by step. The
reference level accuracy will be tested on a log scale.

■ Requirements for the Device

Signal generator
Adaptor : Type-N(m) ~ BNC( f )
Cable : Type-N, 150 cm
BNC, 100 cm

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■ Test Procedures
Please connect the device as figure 6-4.

[Figure 6-4]

1. Please set the signal generator as follows.

FREQUENCY >> 80 MHz
AMPLITUDE >> -30 dBm

2. Please wait until the preset procedure is over, after pressing the Preset of the analyzer.
Please press SYSTEM >> Alignments >> Align Now. Set the analyzer by pressing the following keys.
FREQUENCY >> 80MHz
SPAN >> 50 kHz
AMPLITUDE >> -30 dBm
BW/AVG >> Res BW >> 1 kHz
Video BW >> 30 Hz

3. Please press the MARKER SEARCH of the analyzer. Make the marker amplitude of the analyzer
to be between -30 dBm +/- 0.10 dBm by adjusting the amplitude of the signal generator. Please
record the power level of the signal generator on the amplitude standard of the signal generator of
table 6-2.

4. Please adjust the power level of the signal generator and the reference level of the analyzer in accordance
with table 6-2, since the standard of the 4th step result was established. (The output power of the signal

89
 generator and the reference level of the analyzer will be changed on 10 dB step.)

5. Please record data measured by the analyzer in accordance with the changes of the power level of
the signal generator and the reference level of the analyzer, on the marker reading value of the
analyzer of table 6-2.
[Table 6-2]

Analyzer Amplitude of the Signal Minimum Analyzer Marker Maximum

Reference Level Generator (dBm) (dB) Level Value (dBm) (dB)
-30 dBm Standard + -1.5 1.5
-20 dBm Standard + (10 dB) -1.5 1.5
-10 dBm Standard + (20 dB) -1.5 1.5
-0 dBm Standard + (30 dB) -1.5 1.5
-40 dBm Standard + (-10 dB) -1.5 1.5
-50 dBm Standard + (-20 dB) -1.5 1.5
-60 dBm Standard + (-30 dB) -1.5 1.5
-70 dBm Standard + (-40 dB) -1.5 1.5

90
6-7. Resolution Bandwidth Switching Error

■ Test Standard

Resolution Bandwidth Minimum (dB) Maximum (dB)

1 kHz 0 ( standard ) 0 ( standard )
3 kHz -1.0 dB 1.0 dB
9 kHz -1.0 dB 1.0 dB
10 kHz -1.0 dB 1.0 dB
30 kHz -1.0 dB 1.0 dB
100 kHz -1.0 dB 1.0 dB
120 kHz -1.0 dB 1.0 dB
300 kHz -1.0 dB 1.0 dB
1 MHz -1.0 dB 1.0 dB
3 MHz -1.0 dB 1.0 dB

■ Explanation on the Test

In order to measure the resolution bandwidth switching error, set the standard of the
amplitude while the resolution bandwidth remains 1 kHz. The scope of the resolution
bandwidth will be changed to 3 MHz ~ 3 kHz, and it will be compared with the standard
specification since the deviation of the amplitude is measured on each set-up by the marker
delta function. The span changes upon necessity, thus keeps the similar ratio of lengths and
breadths.

■ Requirements for the Device

There is no necessary device.

■ Test Procedures
1. Please wait until the Preset procedures are over, after pressing the Preset of the analyzer.
Please set the analyzer by pressing the following keys.

2. SYSTEM >> Alignments >> Align Now

I/O DETECT >> Ref Out (f = 80 MHz) (On)
FREQUENCY >> 80 MHz

91
 SPAN >> 50 kHz
AMPLITUDE >> -30 dBm
Scale/Div >> 2 dB
BW/AVG >> 1 kHz
Video BW >> 1 kHz

3. After pressing AMPLITUDE, adjust reference level until a signal appears below the reference
level by using a scroll knob. Normally, the signal is located on the center of display.
MARKER SEARCH
MARKER >> Delta

4. Please set the resolution bandwidth and span of the analyzer in accordance with table 6-3.

5. After pressing PEAK SEARCH, please record the △ Mkr 1 amplitude value on table 6-3.

6. As for the set-up of other resolution bandwidth and span shown on table 6-3, please repeat the 3rd
and 4th steps.
The △ Mkr 1 amplitude value should be between the scope shown on the test standard.

[Table 6-3]

Resolution Bandwidth Set-up Span Ste-up △ Mkr 1 Amplitude Value

1 kHz 50 kHz 0 ( standard )
3 kHz 50 kHz
9 kHz 50 kHz
10 kHz 50 kHz
30 kHz 500 kHz
100 kHz 500 kHz
120 kHz 500 kHz
300 kHz 5 MHz
1 MHz 10 MHz
3 MHz 10 MHz

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6-8. Display Scale linearity

■ Test Standard

Standard Amplitude Scale (dB) Minimum (dB) Maximum (dB)

10 dB / div total 80 dB -1.5 1.5
5 dB / div total 40 dB -1.5 1.5
1 or 2 dB / div total 10 or 20dB -0.5 0.5

■ Explanation on the Test

Input 80 MHz CW signal to the analyzer from the signal generator. The source will be adjusted
to the response of reference level. Set the signal to the reference level by adjusting the
amplitude of the signal generator. Seek out the display scale linearity error by comparing the
amplitude marker of the analyzer, and actual source change with the delta marker.

■ Requirements for the Device

Signal generator
Adaptor : Type-N(m) ~ BNC( f )
Cable : Type-N, 152 cm
BNC, 122 cm

■ Test Procedures
Please connect the device as figure 6-5.

[Figure 6-5]

93
 1. Please set the signal generator as follows.
FREQUENCY >> 80 MHz
AMPLITUDE >> -30 dBm

2. After pressing the Preset of the analyzer, please wait until the Preset procedure is over.
Press SYSTEM >> Alignments >> Align Now.
FREQUENCY >> 80 MHz
SPAN >> 10 kHz
AMPLITUDE >> Attenuation >> 30 dB
BW/AVG >> Res BW >> 1 kHz
Video BW >> 10 Hz
PEAK SEARCH

3. Please adjust the amplitude of the signal generator until the marker amplitude of the analyzer
moves between 0 dBm +/- 0.10 dB.

4. Please press the following keys on the analyzer.

MARKER >> Delta

5. Please record the marker delta reading value on table 6-4.

Please record the delta marker value by power level of each signal generator.

[Table 6-4] Screen Scale Royalty

Signal Generator Level Minimum (dB) Marker Level (dB) Maximum (dB)
Standard = ____ 0 ( standard ) 0 ( standard )
Standard -10 dB
Standard -20 dB
Standard -30 dB
Standard -40 dB
Standard -50 dB
Standard -60 dB
Standard -70 dB Total -1.5 dB Total 1.5 dB

94
6-9. Second Harmonic Distortion

■ Test Standard
≤-60 dBc, -40 dBm input

■ Explanation on the Test

In order to test the distortion of the second harmonic, filter the source output with 50 MHz
low pass filter so that the harmonic deciphered on the analyzer is not created on the source,
but be created internally. After passing this filtering process, input a signal with nearly no
harmonics, and measure the harmonics occurring within the analyzer.

■ Requirements for the Device

Signal generator
50 MHz Low pass filter
Adaptor : Type-N(m) ~ BNC( f )
BNC( f ) ~ BNC( f )
Cable : BNC, 150 cm

■ Test Procedures
Please connect the device as figure 6-6.

[Figure 6-6]

95
 1. Please set the signal generator as follows.
FREQUENCY >> 50 MHz
AMPLITUDE >> -40 dBm

2. Press the Preset of the analyzer, Wait until the Preset procedure is over.
Set the analyzer by pressing the following keys.
FREQUENCY >> 50 MHz
SPAN >> 1 MHz
AMPLITUDE >> -40 dBm >> Attenuation >> 0 dB
BW/AVG >> 30 kHz

3. Adjust the amplitude of the signal generator so that the signal peak gets to reference level.

4. Please set the analyzer by pressing the following keys.

SPAN >> 50 kHz
BW/AVG >> 1 kHz
Video BW >> 100 Hz

5. Wait until two times of sweep are over, and press the keys on the analyzer as follows.
MARKER SEARCH
MARKER >> Delta

6. Please move the center frequency of the analyzer to the second harmonics (100 MHz).
Press Peak Search. The marker delta amplitude value should be below the test standard.

96
Chapter 7. Measurement Guide
7-1. Composition

The following examples of use explain the functions of the analyzer by taking a simple
example of measurement generally used. When an inexperienced user performs experiment,
he/she can promptly learn how to use.

Utilization of delta marker ; Comparison of signals

Utilization of RBW ; Distinction of a small signal
Measurement of a small signal
Measurement of CDMA channel power
Measurement of CDMA ACPR
Use of a Printer
Use of USB memory
Use of the trace function

99
 7-2. Utilization of Delta Marker ; Comparison of Signals

You can easily compare the difference of frequency and amplitude between spectrum
signals of radio, wireless device, mobile communication phone, and CATV by using the
analyzer. If you use the delta marker function of the analyzer, you can compare the
difference of power between two signals.

■ Examples of Use (Delta Marker Function)

It compares the difference of power between two signals.

1. Connect 10 MHz REF OUT on the back panel of the analyzer to RF INPUT on the front panel of
the analyzer.

2. By pressing FREQUENCY >> 30 MHz >> SPAN >> 50 MHz, set the center frequency to 30
MHz, and set the span to 50 MHz.

3. By pressing AMPLITUDE >> 10 dBm, set reference level to 10 dBm.

The 10 MHz standard signal and its harmonics are displayed on the screen.

If you lower reference level instead of adjusting it to 10 dBm , 10 MHz

WARNING !
standard signal harmonics will be displayed very high since the mixer input
level becomes elevated. In this case, the higher level may enter the mixer
input than the stipulated level, thus, take heed to it. Please keep the level of
the input signal not to be higher than reference level all the time.

4. By pressing BW/AVG >> Average, perform ten times of trace average.

5. By pressing PEAK SEARCH, locate the marker on the peak point.

100
 [Figure 7-1] Reading 10 MHz signal by using marker

6. Turn on the delta marker by pressing MARKER >> Delta, Move the delta marker to the next
peak by using a scroll knob or PEAK SEARCH >> Next Peak.

7. The differences of amplitude and frequency between markers appear on the right of the upper
part of display LCD.

[[Figure 7-2] Delta Marker Function

101
 7-3. Utilization of RBW ; Distinction of a Small Signal

In order to distinguish two signals with similar signal, you need to consider the feature of the form of the
analyzer IF(RBW) filter and 3 dB bandwidth. The feature of the form of a filter is defined by selectivity
which is a ratio of 3 dB bandwidth and 60 dB bandwidth. If a small signal is too near a big signal, the small
signal might be hidden by the IF(RBW) filter selection.

■ Examples of Use (IF(RBW) Selection)

If the value of frequency difference is 200 kHz, you can gain feature of IF(RBW) and
measuring methods by measuring two input signals with amplitude difference.

1. In order to gain a signal with 200kHz of frequency difference, connect the analyzer as figure 7-3.
Set the first signal generator to be 100 MHz, -30 dBm.

[Figure 7-3] Set-up for Input of Two Signals

2. By pressing FREQUENCY >> 100 MHz >> SPAN >> 1 MHz, set the center frequency of the
analyzer to 100 MHz and set the span to 1MHz.

3. By pressing I/O DETECT >> Detect >> Peak, set detect mode as peak.

4. By pressing BW/AVG >> Average, perform ten times of trace average.

5. Set the second signal generator to 100.2 MHz, set the signal 200 kHz higher than the first signal.
Set the signal amplitude to -90 dBm. (it is lower than the first signal by 60 dB.)

102
 [Figure 7-4] Signal Resolution with 10 kHz of RBW

6. By pressing PEAK SEARCH >> MARKER → >> Mkr → Ref Lvl, set the 100 MHz signal as
reference level. When a 10 kHz filter with less than 15 : 1 of selectivity is used, the bandwidth of
the filter will be less than 150 kHz on the point of 60 dB, and the half of the disintegration
capacity bandwidth becomes smaller than the difference of frequency (less than 75 kHz), you
can distinguish an input signal.

7. By pressing MARKER >> Delta >> PEAK SEARCH >> Next Pk Right, move the marker on
a small signal. When a filter with RBW 30 kHz is used, the area of 60 dB bandwidth will be less
than 450 kHz.
Since the half of bandwidth (less than 225 kHz) is larger than the difference of frequency (200
kHz), you cannot nearly distinguish a signal.

103
 [Figure 7-5] Signal Resolution with RBW 30 kHz

[Figure 7-6] Signal Resolution with RBW 100 kHz

8. Figure 7-6 is an example of using an RBW 100 kHz filter. It shows that a signal with 200 kHz
distance, enters the inside of RBW 100 kHz bandwidth, thus, any signal cannot be distinguished
at all. As such, you can distinguish a delicate signal by adjusting RBW.

104
7-4. Measurement of a Small Signal

The capacity of the analyzer for measuring a small signal is limited by noise level
occurred inside of the analyzer itself. A small signal with poor power level may not be seen
while hidden by noise level of the analyzer. As for sensitivity on the measurement of a small
signal, the set-up of the device is the most important when measuring, thus, noise level
within the analyzer get affected by the set-up state.

RBW set-up affects noise level within the analyzer the most, and the attenuator of input
part of the analyzer affects the level of a signal measured. Ultimately, you can accurately
measure a small signal if you set the analyzer with high S/N ratio (Signal - to - noise ratio).
(RBW, Atten Î set it relatively smaller) The following example shows several examples for
measuring a small signal. When it is difficult to distinguish a small signal from noise even
after setting RBW, attenuator, you can enhance the visuality by reducing video bandwidth
and using the video average function. The reduction of video bandwidth and average
function averages irregularly occurring noise.

■ Examples of Use (Set-up of Input Part Attenuator)

When a signal approaches mostly closely the noise level, if you decrease the input part
attenuator to 0 dB, and adjust reference level to lower part, you can measure maximized
signal output of the analyzer.

1. Connect the signal generator to RF INPUT of the analyzer.

2. Set the frequency of the signal generator to 100 MHz, and set the amplitude to -90 dBm.

3. Set the center frequency of the analyzer to 100 MHz.

4. Set the span to 1 MHz.

5. Set reference level to -30 dBm.

6. Perform ten times of trace average.

105
 7. Press AMPLITUDE >> Attenuation (Man). By pressing a step key, select 10 dB attenuation
rate, If you increase the attenuation rate, noise will move closer to a signal.

8. In order to clearly measure a signal, set the attenuator to 0 dB or Atten(Auto).

The attenuator 0 dB shows the signal more clearly.

[Figure 7-7] Set-up of 0 dB Attenuation

[Figure 7-8] Set-up of 10 dB Attenuation

106
■ Examples of Use (RBW Selection)
By reducing RBW and lowering noise level of the analyzer, you can measure a small signal.

1. Set the frequency of the signal generator to 100 MHz, and set the amplitude to -90 dBm.

2. Set the center frequency of the analyzer to 100 MHz.

3. Set the span to 1 MHz.

4. Set reference level to -30 dBm.

5. Perform ten times of trace average.

6. After pressing BW/AVG >> RBW (Man), decrease the disintegration capacity bandwidth by
pressing a step key. Since noise level of the analyzer decreases, a small signal will appear more
clearly.

[Figure 7-9] Signal with RBW 10 kHz

107
 [Figure 7-10] Signal with RBW 3 kHz

There is # mark in front of RBW mark on the lower left of the screen, which means it is not
RBW Auto. As RBW decreases, the sweep time will increase.

■ Examples of Use (Video Bandwidth Reduction)

If you set a video filter with a smaller value, it is useful for measuring a small signal or
noise around noise level. A video filter is a sort of low band penetrating filter, Thus, if
you decrease the video filter, reduce irregular random noise, and make a signal look
better, when it is difficult to distinguish signal adjacent to noise level of the analyzer
from noise, If you decrease video bandwidth, the sweep time will increase.

Measure the level of a small signal by using the video bandwidth function.

1. Set the frequency of the signal generator to 100 MHz, and set the amplitude to -90 dBm.

2. Set the center frequency of the analyzer to 100 MHz.

3. Set the span to 1 MHz.

4. Set reference level to -30 dBm.

108
5. Perform ten times of trace average.

6. After pressing BW/AVG >> VBW (Man), decrease the disintegration capacity bandwidth by
pressing a step key. Since noise level of the analyzer decreases, a small signal will appear more
clearly and the measurement of signal level will improve.

[Figure 7-11] Signal with VBW 10 kHz

[Figure 7-12] Signal with VBW 3 kHz

109
 [Figure 7-13] Signal with VBW 1 kHz

[Figure 7-14] Signal with VBW 300 Hz

110
 [Figure 7-15] Signal with VBW 100 Hz

[Figure 7-16] Signal with VBW 30 Hz

■ Examples of Use (Trace Average)

When signal level is very close to noise level, the trace average will enhance the
visibility of a measuring signal via normalization of irregular random noise.

The final result of trace average is similar to the reduction of video bandwidth. As video
bandwidth reduces, the sweep time increases, and the trace average will use the

111
 averaging of many sweep data.

1. Set the frequency of the signal generator to 100 MHz, and set the amplitude to -90 dBm.

2. Set the center frequency of the analyzer to 100 MHz.

3. Set the span to 1 MHz.

4. Set reference level to -30 dBm.

5. By pressing BW/AVG >> Average (On), operate the trace average. If the trace average function
softens trace, the visibility of a small signal will be enhanced.

6. In order to set the number of sweep, input the number by using a number key while the average
button is pressed. After inputting the number, if you press the next unit key, the averaging of
trace will be initialized, and resumed.

While the trace average function is performed, the current sweep counter will appear on the
center of the left of the screen. When the sweep with established time is completed, the analyzer
will keep trace averaging based on the established number.

[Figure 7-17] Trace Average Function

112
7-5. Measurement of CDMA Channel Power

Channel power measures the power of the area equivalent to the channel bandwidth
designated on the base of the current center frequency.

1. Set the frequency of CDMA signal generator to 850 MHz, and set the amplitude to -30 dBm.

2. By pressing MEASURE >> Channel Pwr, change the analyzer to the power measurement mode.

3. Set the center frequency of the analyzer to 850 MHz.

4. Set reference level to -30 dBm.

5. Set Integration BW to 2 MHz. Then, the entire span will be automatically established as 1.5
times of Integration BW.

6. By pressing MEAS SETUP >> Avg Number >> 10 >> ENTER, perform ten times of average.

[Figure 7-18] Channel Power Measurement Function

113
 7-6. CDMA ACP Measurement

On the transmission using multi-channels, it measures the effect of transmitted power

amount of a channel on the adjacent channels. (lower band channel, upper band channel)
ACP performs measurement after setting Channel Integration BW, Offset Frequency, Offset
BW based on the current center frequency.

1. Set the frequency of CDMA signal generator to 850 MHz, and set the amplitude to -30 dBm.

2. By pressing MEASURE >> ACP, change the analyzer to ACP measurement mode.

3. Set the center frequency of the analyzer to 850 MHz.

4. Set reference level to -30 dBm.

5. Set Channel Integration BW to 1.23 MHz.

6. By pressing Offset, set Offset Freq to 2 MHz.

7. By pressing Offset, set Offset BW to 1.23 MHz.

8. By pressing MEAS SETUP >> Avg Number >> 10 >> ENTER, perform ten times of average.

[Figure 7-19] ACP Measurement Function

114
7-7. Printer Use

On LPT-3000, it offers USB port apart from a parallel port for the connection to a printer.
Set a port to transmit print data on a printer of PRINT SETUP menu. As for USB port on the
front, you can save data by using USB memory apart from a print port.

■ Examples of Use
1. On PRINT SETUP >> Printer, select a parallel port or USB port.

2. On PRINT SETUP >> Printer Setup, select a driver of a print to use.

3. On PRINT SETUP >> Orientation, select printing direction.

4. On PRINT SETUP >> Page Size, select the size of printing paper.

5. Press PRINT key.

[Figure 7-20] PRINT SETUP Menu

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 7-8. USB Memory Use

On LPT-3000, in order to bring picture data saved outside of the analyzer, USB flash
memory is used instead of 3.5″ floppy disk. As for locations to save data of LPT-3000, there
are “screen” which is an internal memory of the analyzer, and “usbfs” indicating USB flash
memory. If you set a path to usbfs on the file list screen, while USB flash memory is
attached to USB port on the front of the analyzer, operations including Save, Load, Delete,
Rename, and Create Dir will perform not as a screen, which is an internal memory of the
analyzer, but as USB flash memory on File menu. Also, if you get out of the file menu after
setting a path to usbfs on the file list screen of the file menu, the saving of a file by the
operation of Save key on the front board will be directly performed not as an internal
memory of the analyzer, but as USB flash memory.

■ Examples of Use
1. Equip USB flash memory to USB port on the front.

2. By pressing FILE >> Save >> Type >> Screen keys, set a file type to a picture file.

3. By pressing FILE >> Save >> Format >> GIF keys, set a picture format file.

4. By pressing FILE >> Save >> Dir Select keys, set a path to usbfs.

5. By pressing RETURN key, comes out to the analyzer wave sweep screen.

6. Press SAVE key. Then, the current display screen will be saved as a picture file on USB flash
memory.

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7-9. Trace Use

It offers three trace memories on LPT-3000. The movement between trance memories will
be used by the first menu key.

Clear Write deletes the current data in trace memory, and rewrite data newly acquired
after sweep, on the memory, This operation is successively performed after every sweep is
over. Clear Write is the basic trace mode of the analyzer.

Max Hold saves the biggest value by comparing data in the current trace memory and
data newly acquired after sweep, and display them.

Min Hold saves the smallest value in trace memory by comparing data in the current
trace memory and data newly acquired after sweep, and display them.

View indicates the contents of the current trace memory while suspending the writing on
the display screen.

Blank deletes trace on the display screen. However, the contents of the trace memory do
not get deleted, and they will show up on the display screen, when View menu key is
pressed.

[Figure 7-21] Trace Menu

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Chapter 8. Options
8-1. Specifications

► Opt-1 : TRACKING GENERATOR

Scope of Frequency : 100 kHz ~ 3 GHz
Scope of the Amplitude : 0 dBm ~ -50 dBm
Accuracy of the Amplitude : ±3 dB, Typically ±1.5 dB
Flatness of the Amplitude : ±2 dB, Typically ±1.5 dB
Distortion of Harmonics : <-20 dBc (10 MHz ~ 2.8 GHz), Typically <-30 dBc
Reverse Power : +30 dBm
Impedance : 50Ω nominal
Connector : N-type Female
RF Input VSWR : <1.5 : 1

► Opt-2 : CDMA(CDMA2000 ; Pilot Channel, WCDMA ; 1 CPICH) Signal Generator

► Opt-3 : AC/DC/BATTERY OPERATION PACK

► Opt-4 : GPIB interface

IEEE 488 Bus

► Opt-5 : ETHERNET interface ; for Internet Remote Control

► Opt-6 : SOFT CARRYING CASE

► Opt-7 : General KIT SET

SMA-N adapter × 2
10 dB attenuator × 1, 20dB attenuator × 1
RF cable (SMA-SMA, RD316, 300 mm) × 2
Kit box × 1

► Opt-8 : CATV KIT SET

N-BNC adapter × 2
50Ω ~ 75Ω adapter × 2
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 RF cable (N-N, RD223, 1000 mm) × 2
Kit box × 1

► Opt-9 : RETURN LOSS BRIDGE KIT SET

Termination 50Ω × 1
Cap with chain × 1
RF cable (N-N, RD223, 1000 mm) × 2
Kit box × 1

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