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Psych Notes - Tuesday

Humanistic personality theories emphasize the inherent goodness of individuals and the pursuit of self-fulfillment, with self-actualization as a key goal. Key figures like Rogers and Maslow highlight the importance of congruence and a hierarchy of needs in personal development. Additionally, trait theories categorize personality traits into stable characteristics, while social/cognitive perspectives focus on the influence of personal history and self-perception on personality formation.

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Tim Dahms
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72 views3 pages

Psych Notes - Tuesday

Humanistic personality theories emphasize the inherent goodness of individuals and the pursuit of self-fulfillment, with self-actualization as a key goal. Key figures like Rogers and Maslow highlight the importance of congruence and a hierarchy of needs in personal development. Additionally, trait theories categorize personality traits into stable characteristics, while social/cognitive perspectives focus on the influence of personal history and self-perception on personality formation.

Uploaded by

Tim Dahms
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as ODT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Humanistic Theory Humanistic personality theories reject psychoanalytic notions Humanistic theories view each person as basically good

d and striving for self-fulfillment Humanistic theory argues that people carry a perception of themselves and the world The goal for a humanist is to develop/promote a positive self-concept The goal of humanistic theory is self-actualization to keep our environment from blocking this Self-actualization = realizing the fullest potential two vital conditions: congruence (means there's no conflict between experience and self perceptions) and selfconsistency (means there's no conflict between self perceptions) 1. Rogers The self originator of the term used in a psychoanalytic perspective Self = personality Organized and consistent pattern of perception Inconsistency evokes anxiety and threat People with low self-esteem generally have poor congruence btwn self-concepts (s-c) and experiences (e)

2. Maslow Hierarchy of needs 1. Self-actualization 2. Aesthetic needs 3. Cognitive needs 4. Esteem needs 5. Belonging needs 6. Safety needs 7. Physiological needs Maladaptive Personality anxiety inconsistency between self-concept and experience Less overlap btwn s-c and e Highly Functioning Personality more overlap btwn s-c and e Fully functioning self

Two factor trait theory of personality: stable-unstable and introverted-extroverted Trait = biological personality Traits are relatively stable and consistent personal characteristics Trait personality theories suggest that a person can be described on the basis of some number of personality traits Allport identified 4500 traits Cattel used factor analysis to identify 30-35 basic traits Eysenck argued that there are 3 extro/introversion, neuroticism, psychotocism The Big 5 Theory - higher score = more of a trait Openness Conscientiousness Extroversion Agreeableness Neuroticism

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) Most widely researched and clinically used of all personality tests developed to identify emotional disorders

Social/Cognitive Perspective Each person has a unique personality because of our personal histories and interpretations shape our personalities Bandura's approach focuses on self-efficacy and reciprocal determinism Rotter's locus of control theory emphasizes a person's internal/external focus as a major determinant of personality Bandura reciprocal determinism Self-perception behavior Rotter - Locus of control environment

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