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Kesehatan & Perilaku: Panduan Lengkap

This document discusses concepts related to health, illness, and health behavior. It covers definitions of health and illness, including infectious diseases and chronic diseases. It also discusses health behavior, health status, and risk/protective factors. The document then presents several models of health and illness, including ecological models of health, social-ecological models, the Health Belief Model, and the Theory of Reasoned Action. It also discusses some health promotion/education models like the Health Field Concept and PRECEDE model. Diagrams are provided to illustrate several of these models. The document also discusses the biopsychosocial model and a socio-cognitive approach to predicting health behavior.

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281 views11 pages

Kesehatan & Perilaku: Panduan Lengkap

This document discusses concepts related to health, illness, and health behavior. It covers definitions of health and illness, including infectious diseases and chronic diseases. It also discusses health behavior, health status, and risk/protective factors. The document then presents several models of health and illness, including ecological models of health, social-ecological models, the Health Belief Model, and the Theory of Reasoned Action. It also discusses some health promotion/education models like the Health Field Concept and PRECEDE model. Diagrams are provided to illustrate several of these models. The document also discusses the biopsychosocial model and a socio-cognitive approach to predicting health behavior.

Uploaded by

yosazwar
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

A.

PENGERTIAN KESEHATAN, KESAKITAN, DAN PERILAKU KESEHATAN


[Link] [Link]/ SAKIT a. Penyakit Infeksi b. Penyakit Kronis [Link] KESEHATAN [Link] KESEHATAN [Link] RISIKO & PROTEKTIF

B. MODEL KESEHATAN & PENYAKIT


1. HEALTH MODEL a. Ecological models of health b. Social-ecological health models 2. HEALTH BEHAVIOR MODELS a. Health Belief Model (Becker) b. Theory of Reasoned Action (Fishbein & Ajzen) 3. HEALTH PROMOTION/ EDUCATION MODELS a. Health Field Concept (Lalonde) b. PRECEDE (Green et al)

Monocausal-linear model
Agens Organism Symptoms

Multifactorial-linear model

Organism
ENVIRONMENT

Multifactorial-systemic (Interactive) model

Organism
ENVIRONMENT

Health Field Concept

Human Biology

Organization of medical care

HEALTH

Lifestyles

Environment

Health Outcome Model

Cognitive

Behavioral

Physiological

E N V I R O N M E N T

Biopsychosocial Model
THE WORLD
THE PERSON

Social System

Phychological System

Biological System

Society Community Family

Cognition Emotion Motivation

Organs Tissues Cells

Socio-cognitive Approach
MODELS FOR PREDICTING HEALTH BEHAVIOR BEHAVIORAL OR PERSONALITY PATTERN Type A (PERCEIVED) SOCIAL SUPPORT Emotional Respectation Instrument Information

Health Belief Model


Theory of Reasoned Action

Hardiness
Optimism

HEALTH BEHAVIOR

HEALTH OUTCOME

ILLNESS REPRESENTATION

CONTROL & ATTRIBUTIONAL STYLE

Self-Efficacy
Mental representation of illness disease prototype Perceived Control Locus of Control Attributional style

Health Belief Model


PERCEPTIONS AND MODIFYING FACTORS ASSESSMENT LIKELIHOOD OF ACTION

DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES age, gender, race SOCIOPSYCHOLOGICAL VARIABLES personality, social class, peer and reference group pressure STRUCTURAL VARIABLES knowledge about and prior contact with the disease Perceived SERIOUSNESS and SUSCEPTIBILITY CUES TO ACTION

Assessed sum of PERCEIVED BENEFITS


Minus PERCEIVED
LIKELIHOOD OF PREVENTIVE ACTION

PERCEIVED THREAT of injury or illness

Theory of Reasoned Action


BELIEFS ATTITUDES INTENTION BEHAVIOR

BEHAVIORAL BELIEFS Outcomes of the behavior Evaluation regarding the outcomes

ATTITUDE REGARDING THE BEHAVIOR


BEHAVIORAL INTENTION
EXERCISING

NORMATIVE BELIEFS Beliefs about others opinion Motivation to comply with others opinion

SUBJECTIVE NORM FOR EXERCISING

Alma Ata, before-after 1978


Before Specialized Health Care
After

Hospital

Medical specialist Psychotherapist Puskesmas Posyandu

Primary Health Care

BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE Integrasi ilmu perilaku dan ilmu biomedis dalam usaha-usaha perawatan kesehatan

BEHAVIORAL HEALTH

MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGY Pendekatan holistik dan humanistik pada permasalahan pasien dalam hubungan dokter dan pasiennya HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY MEDICAL ANTHROPOLOGY Subdisiplin dari antropologi, yang mempelajari faktor-faktor bioekologi dan sosial budaya yang berpengaruh terhadap kesehatan serta timbulnya penyakit, baik pada masa kini maupun sepanjang sejarah kehidupan manusia

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