EEEngineering, LLC

Colorado, USA, power grid data. December 23, 10:30 pm. I captured this live data. 2 questions: 1 -What is the power factor? 2- Is power factor lagging? Leading? You have all the data in the pictures to answer. Good luck I will respond in the comments. Thierry Julio Epassa- P.E. in Thirteen USA States #electrical #engineering #electricalengineering #epassa Judge M. Dialwa

OSHA requires companies working in hazardous industries to have a Management of Change (MOC) process. Any change can introduce new hazards, so everyone involved with the proposed change must be aware; They must approve the MOC and document it. However, we have occasionally taken this process for granted and sometimes abused it. The MOC process is NOT a documented email on a Microsoft Word document. It is not a bunch of emails saved somewhere. It is an interface where everyone can input comments and upload and download drawings. Unless it is emergency work, you must follow the guidance below. 1-  You must include every discipline the changes will touch—Civil, electrical, instrumentation, environmental, whatever. 2-  Everyone involved must approve the MOC before the work starts 3-  You must not be pressured. If you disagree with the MOC's statements, do NOT approve it. Contact the MOC owner and work with them. 4-  You must upload all the documentation involved with the change 5-  The scope of work must be cleared and detailed 6-  When you approve it, you can't say: "I did not know about this." It is your responsibility to read everything in the MOC. 7- The work can begin once the MOC is approved and authorized for use. 8-  Once the work is done, someone has an additional task to upload the new drawings/documents. The MOC must stay open until everyone closes their tasks. 9-  You must upload all pertinent drawings/documents to the MOC system and your external database It is dangerous when we do not follow that process adequately. I have seen $100 million projects being built, and the MOC was never approved. The MOC was written for 6 months and left hanging. I have seen countless MOCs left open for up to 5 years after the change occurred. I have seen people approving MOC without even reading them. If you see all the CSB safety incident videos, you can understand how an MOC could have saved people's lives. Thierry Julio Epassa- P.E. in Thirteen USA States #electrical #engineering #electricalengineering #powersystems

Fantastic and graphic video showing how electricity is made in a power plant using steam. Steam turbine, generator, boiler, cooling tower, heat exchanger, and so on. Great visuals are the best way to learn. Thanks to learnengineering. Thierry Julio Epassa- P.E. in Thirteen USA States #electricalengineering #epassa #electrical #engineering

We, electrical power engineers, have a terrible habit of failing to properly conduct root cause failure analysis. When you are sick, the root cause is not the headache but the fever. We should learn from medical doctors that symptoms are not root causes.   A high-value motor or generator is damaged: The shop analyzes it and reports the result: windings insulation. deterioration.   We use that information to close the investigation with the root cause identified as windings insulation deterioration. Sometimes, we attribute that deterioration to manufacturer defects.   What we don't usually check:   The operating conditions of the motor over the past 6 months, 12 months, 2 years, etc..   2- What about the electrical faults that occurred in the past? Was the motor protected adequately to prevent accelerated degradation of the windings?   We promptly identify issues with the equipment because it is what we are designed to do.   We are programmed to focus on symptoms, and unfortunately, we often fail to realize that the root cause is not the manufacturer's defect, it is not the workmanship, and it is not the GE/SEL relays' malfunction.   The root cause is not the equipment, but:   1- Our electrical process   2- Our protection scheme   3- Our flawed electrical studies   Unfortunately, the equipment is returned from the shop; we install it and then inform our boss that the equipment is back in service. What do you think will happen?   A few months later, another incident. Guess what? Now we're going to blame it on the shop repair. Shake my head Thierry Julio Epassa- P.E. in Thirteen USA States #engineering #electricalengineering #epassa #electrical

One of the biggest challenges in power engineering is knowing enough to believe you're right but not enough to realize you're wrong. A feeder relay job is to protect the feeder! NOT TRUE. A feeder relay job safeguards more than just the feeder. SEL relays are more complicated than others! NOT TRUE A 3-phase fault is the worst fault scenario in a system! NOT TRUE If you decrease fault current, you decrease arc flash risks! NOT TRUE A system ground purpose is to remove ground faults! NOT TRUE If you have 2 transmission lines in parallel, you will increase your MW transfer capability! NOT TRUE A transformer's high side is the primary side! NOT TRUE! Many more… What is the definition of a TRUE Statement? It means it is always true. And this is when errors and mistakes occur; we become misled! We will discuss every single statement in our weekly articles, part of our LinkedIn newsletter. If you need the link to subscribe, let us know. EEEngineering, LLC #engineering #electrical #electricalengineering #epassa

Great paper wrote by Dr Edmund Schweitzer III and Dr Bogdan Kasztenny. Have you ever heard of distance protection? Why do we need it when we have overcurrent protection? hmmm The paper looks back at the history of distance protection and why the industry settled on designs we know and appreciate today. EEEngineering, LLC #electricalengineering #engineering #epassa #electrical

If you become PE-licensed in the USA, you can own a 1-man engineering firm, make $1 million while working no more than 40 hours a week. A PE license will change life. DO IT. I attached Alabama PE Paths to licensure. There are 7 paths to licensure in Alabama. You can do it Thierry Julio Epassa- P.E. in Thirteen USA States #electricalengineering #engineering #electrical #epassa

A little love and respect for GE Multilin Relays. In the 2000s, GE Multilin relays had 99% of the market in USA petrochemicals. There was no competition. ZERO! They dominated USA refineries and chemicals. Fast forward now, the competition has increased. They are still number 1 in USA petrochemicals, but the market share has significantly dropped. Do you recognize any models in the picture? Yes, the beginnings! IMPORTANT: Notice I said market in USA petrochemicals, not the USA overall. I did not know back then who dominated the utility and other areas. Thierry Julio Epassa- P.E. in Sixteen USA States #engineering #epassa #electricalengineering #electrical

A challenge to all my electrical engineers (including electronics). So far, this question's success rate has been ZERO percent! No, the answer is NOT on Google or YouTube! Why does every MacBook in America come with 2 chargers with different numbers of prongs? It makes no freaking sense! Electrical engineers tell the world that the third prong is for safety! We changed the entire code for housing circuits to allow outlets with 3 holes, because it helps protect people. Now Apple, a genius and great company, ships you a laptop with 2 charger ends. The same laptop has one charger with 2 prongs and another with 3 prongs. What in the world? Are 3 prongs required and at the same time not needed? They will not build a 3-pronged charger just for fun if it is not required. It costs money and adds extra weight during shipping. Do you know the answer? Yes, the electrical engineering discipline is tricky!! Yes, it is fun!! I asked this question during our training, and so far no one has been able to tell us the correct answer. Thierry Julio Epassa- P.E. in Sixteen USA States #electrical #engineering #electricalengineering #epassa

Welcome to ETAP. The symbol below is a high-voltage (HV) breaker and its editor. Some values are shown in callout 1. Do you know what those values are? Every element on ETAP has an editor with several pages (see callout). For the HV Breaker, there are 6 pages. - Info - Rating - Reliability - Interlock - Asset/UD - Comment The page you are currently on is highlighted in blue. We are on the info pages. The info page has some read-only fields. The read-only field is greyed out. Call out 1 shows 4 values: They came from the rating page (not shown in this picture). They are read-only fields; you can see 245 kV, 2 Cy, 50 kA, and 135 kA. Hmm, what are those values? The symbol of the HV breaker (ANSI Symbol) is a square. Notice the name says CB52; it is the ID. ETAP automatically calls all their breakers by CB, followed by an integer that starts with 1. The default naming in ETAP can be changed to any desired nomenclature. Thierry Julio Epassa- P.E. in Sixteen USA States #electrical #electricalengineering #engineering #epassa