RadioButton is a UI component in Android that allows users to select one option from multiple choices. Multiple RadioButtons are placed inside a RadioGroup, which ensures that only one option can be selected at a time. RadioButtons are commonly used in forms, quizzes, settings, and selection-based interfaces.

Allows users to select only one option at a time.
RadioButtons are grouped together using RadioGroup.
Helps create user-friendly and organized selection interfaces.

Example:

radio button in android application

This image shows 4 options of the subjects for a question. In this, each mentioned subject is a Radio Button and all the 4 subjects together are enclosed in a Radio Group.

How to Create an Android App to Use Radio Buttons?

This example demonstrates how to create an Android application using RadioButtons and RadioGroup.

Step 1: Create a New Android Project

Create a new Android project in Android Studio. This will automatically generate:

activity_main.xml
MainActivity.java

Step 2: Add UI Components in activity_main.xml

Open the activity_main.xml file and add the following components inside a ConstraintLayout.

Components Used

TextView for displaying the question
RadioGroup to hold RadioButtons
Four RadioButtons for options
Submit Button
Clear Button

activity_main.xml: (Using Constraint Layout)

XML

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/text_view1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Select your Subject?"
        android:textSize="20sp"
        android:textStyle="bold"
        android:layout_marginTop="40dp"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent" />

    <RadioGroup
        android:id="@+id/groupradio"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_margin="16dp"
        android:orientation="vertical"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@id/text_view1"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent">

        <RadioButton
            android:id="@+id/radia_id1"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="DBMS"
            android:textSize="18sp" />

        <RadioButton
            android:id="@+id/radia_id2"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="C/C++ Programming"
            android:textSize="18sp" />

        <RadioButton
            android:id="@+id/radia_id3"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="Data Structure"
            android:textSize="18sp" />

        <RadioButton
            android:id="@+id/radia_id4"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="Algorithms"
            android:textSize="18sp" />

    </RadioGroup>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/submit"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Submit"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@id/groupradio"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@id/clear"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/clear"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Clear"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@id/groupradio"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@id/submit"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5" />

</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
Step 3: Create Backend Logic in MainActivity.java

Open the MainActivity.java file and initialize the components using findViewById().

MainActivity.java
package com.gfg.radio_buttons;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.RadioButton;
import android.widget.RadioGroup;
import android.widget.Toast;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private RadioGroup radioGroup;
    Button submit, clear;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        submit = findViewById(R.id.submit);
        clear = findViewById(R.id.clear);
        radioGroup = findViewById(R.id.groupradio);

        // Reset RadioButtons initially
        radioGroup.clearCheck();

        // RadioGroup Listener
        radioGroup.setOnCheckedChangeListener(
                (group, checkedId) -> {

                    RadioButton radioButton =
                            group.findViewById(checkedId);
                });

        // Submit Button Listener
        submit.setOnClickListener(v -> {

            int selectedId =
                    radioGroup.getCheckedRadioButtonId();

            if (selectedId == -1) {

                Toast.makeText(
                        MainActivity.this,
                        "Please select an option",
                        Toast.LENGTH_SHORT
                ).show();

            } else {

                RadioButton radioButton =
                        findViewById(selectedId);

                Toast.makeText(
                        MainActivity.this,
                        "Selected: " + radioButton.getText(),
                        Toast.LENGTH_SHORT
                ).show();
            }
        });

        // Clear Button Listener
        clear.setOnClickListener(v ->
                radioGroup.clearCheck()
        );
    }
}

Layout:

Step 3: Create Backend Logic in MainActivity.java

Open the MainActivity.java file and initialize the components using findViewById().

Java

package com.gfg.radio_buttons;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.RadioButton;
import android.widget.Toast;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import com.gfg.radio_buttons.databinding.ActivityMainBinding;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private ActivityMainBinding binding;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        binding = ActivityMainBinding.inflate(getLayoutInflater());
        setContentView(binding.getRoot());

        // Reset radio buttons initially
        binding.groupradio.clearCheck();

        // Submit Button
        binding.submit.setOnClickListener(v -> {

            int selectedId =
                    binding.groupradio.getCheckedRadioButtonId();

            if (selectedId == -1) {

                Toast.makeText(
                        MainActivity.this,
                        "Please select an option",
                        Toast.LENGTH_SHORT
                ).show();

            } else {

                RadioButton radioButton =
                        findViewById(selectedId);

                Toast.makeText(
                        MainActivity.this,
                        "Selected: " + radioButton.getText(),
                        Toast.LENGTH_SHORT
                ).show();
            }
        });

        // Clear Button
        binding.clear.setOnClickListener(v ->
                binding.groupradio.clearCheck()
        );
    }
}

Step 4: Add Functionality

Use radioGroup.clearCheck() to reset all RadioButtons initially.
Add OnCheckedChangeListener to detect the selected RadioButton.
Add OnClickListener on the Submit button to display the selected option using Toast.
Add OnClickListener on the Clear button to reset all RadioButtons.

Output:

The app displays four subject options.
Users can select one option at a time.
The selected option is displayed when Submit is clicked.
All options are cleared when Clear is clicked.

Working of the Application

The application displays multiple RadioButtons inside a RadioGroup.
Only one RadioButton can be selected at a time.
Clicking the Submit button displays the selected option using Toast.
Clicking the Clear button resets all RadioButtons.

Advantages of RadioButton

Allows single-option selection from multiple choices.
Improves user interaction and form handling.
Easy to implement using RadioGroup.
Commonly used in quizzes, surveys, and settings.
Provides a clean and organized UI.

How to Add Radio Buttons in an Android Application?