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Slavery and Capitalism: A New Marxist History
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Karl Marx’s writings on enslavement and labor have fallen out of favor among historians, but David McNally injects new life into them. Slavery and Capitalism gives the first systematic Marxist account of the capitalist character of Atlantic slavery—using colonial travel literature, planter records and diaries, and slave narratives—to support the provocative claim for enslaved labor in the plantation system as capitalist commodity production.
Weaving together history, political economy, and radical abolitionism, McNally demonstrates that plantation slaves formed a modern working class. Unlike those scholars who insist that enslaved people were too sensible to set their sights on liberty, he highlights the self-activity of enslaved people fighting for their freedom and reframes their resistance as labor struggles over production and reproduction, with significant implications for US and Atlantic history and for understanding the roots of racial capitalism.
- ISBN-100520415973
- ISBN-13978-0520415973
- EditionFirst Edition
- PublisherUniversity of California Press
- Publication dateSeptember 2, 2025
- LanguageEnglish
- Dimensions6 x 1.4 x 9 inches
- Print length368 pages
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Editorial Reviews
Review
“Historical works like McNally’s have never been more necessary.”
― Cosmonaut"Chapters are brisk and passionately argued, and McNally’s knowledge of Marx’s published work and correspondence is encyclopedic and impressive"."
― Journal of Social History"Slavery and Capitalism was a tremendous pleasure to read and chew over. I think many of us who teach the history of slavery from a more materialist perspective have been waiting for a book just like this."
― LAWCHA (The Labor and Working-Class History Association)“Ultimately, Slavery and Capitalism succeeds not because it offers a novel moral condemnation of slavery – something few would dispute – but because it reorients the historical and theoretical terrain on which such condemnations are made.”
― Marx & Philosophy Review of Books“McNally ranges across several centuries without the book ever feeling superficial or overly general. Instead, vivid stories pepper the text, drawn from colonial travel literature, planter records and diaries, slave narratives, and recent historical scholarship.”
― The AAG Review of Books“A historical and theoretical case for the views that Atlantic chattel slavery was formally capitalist . . . that the enslaved of this system constituted a chattel proletariat.”
― Journal of the History of IdeasFrom the Back Cover
"David McNally's deft application of Marx's theory and method not only unearths the hidden dynamics of slavery's political economy but radically broadens our understanding of modern capitalism and its class struggles. The result: a new history of slavery that centers the enslaved—the chattel proletariat—not as 'constant capital' or fungible cogs in the machine but as its gravediggers."—Robin D. G. Kelley, author of Race Rebels: Culture, Politics, and the Black Working Class
"Slavery and Capitalism powerfully employs Marxist categories to provide new insights into the capitalist nature of New World slavery, the lives and labor of the enslaved, and, fundamentally, their resistance."—Pepijn Brandon, Professor of Global Economic and Social History, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, and lead investigator of Amsterdam's historic connections to slavery
"What a remarkable book. Grown from the theoretical soil of C.L.R. James, W.E.B. Du Bois, and Sylvia Wynter, Slavery and Capitalism nourishes readers with example after thrilling example of how to think dialectically. McNally’s archival evidence tells stories he uses to make a compelling, cumulative argument about class composition centered on the chattel proletariat. Suggesting critical elements of internationalism, the book invites methodological extension and substantive debate to connect his cases to the vast South Atlantic world where most enslaved people lived, worked, and fought. Fresh historical understanding of past social reality can refocus contemporary political analysis of racial capitalism. McNally sharpens dynamic awareness of highly differentiated sectors and regions of value production and social reproduction—the overlapping and interlocking realities where people self-consciously make freedom by remaking place."—Ruth Wilson Gilmore, author of Abolition Geography
"This is that rare object—writing that is scholarly and gripping, crammed with insight and the engaging detail of the best history writing. Reframing the non-debate about race and class to return to questions of agency, McNally reminds us that the question is how to become free."—Gargi Bhattacharyya, author of Rethinking Racial Capitalism: Questions of Reproduction and Survival
About the Author
Product details
- Publisher : University of California Press
- Publication date : September 2, 2025
- Edition : First Edition
- Language : English
- Print length : 368 pages
- ISBN-10 : 0520415973
- ISBN-13 : 978-0520415973
- Item Weight : 1.42 pounds
- Dimensions : 6 x 1.4 x 9 inches
- Best Sellers Rank: #85,383 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
- Customer Reviews:
About the author

Social justice activism and scholarship are David McNally’s abiding passions. His lifelong interests in the history and economics of capitalism and racism—and his enduring belief that another world is possible—began when he marched as a teenager against the War in Vietnam and became a campus organizer for the National United Committee to Free Angela Davis. Through his years of teaching and organizing, McNally has written eight books. His “Monsters of the Market: Zombies, Vampires, and Global Capitalism” won the 2012 Deutscher Memorial Award, and he received the 2012 Paul Sweezy Award for “Global Slump: The Economics and Politics of Crisis and Resistance.”
Today, David teaches at the University of Houston, where he holds the NEH-Cullen Chair in History and Business and continues to indulge his love of jazz and baseball. His latest book, “Slavery and Capitalism: A New Marxist History” (2025) is published by the University of California Press.
“Slavery and Capitalism” has been praised by prominent historians and social theorists. Robin D. G. Kelley, author of “Race Rebels: Culture, Politics, and the Black Working Class,” writes that the book offers “a new history of slavery that centers the enslaved—the chattel proletariat—not as ‘constant capital’ or fungible cogs in the machine but as its gravediggers.” Ruth Wilson Gilmore, author of “Abolition Geography,” says, “This fresh historical understanding of past social reality can refocus our contemporary political analysis of racial capitalism." And Gargi Bhattacharyya, author of “Rethinking Racial Capitalism: Questions of Reproduction and Survival” adds of “Slavery and Capitalism” that it “is that rare object – writing that is scholarly and gripping, crammed with insight and the engaging detail of the best history writing. Reframing the non-debate about race and class to return to questions of agency, McNally reminds us that the question is how to become free.”




























