Chivhenda
Chivhenda (Vhe: Tshivenda) kana Vhenda, mutauro weBantu unowanikwa kuZimbabwe neAfurika Chamhembe. Chivhenda chinehukama hwuri pedyo ne Chishona kunyanya Chikaranga ne Chindau (zvishoma), nekuda kwazvo zvese Chishona ne Chivhenda chakaita kakufana pakutaurwa uye mashoko mazhinji anoshandiswa zvimwe kunyangwe achigona kupereterwa zvakatisiyanei.
Zvinonzi Chivhenda, ne mitauro ye Chivanhu senge Chikaranga zvakatangira kubva kuChikalanga, asi Chivhenda chaka influwenzwa ne Chipedhi (Sepedi).
Bumbiro reMabhi
[chinjirudza | chinjirudza mabviro]Chivhenda chinonyorwa chichishandiswa bumbiro re mabhi reChiratini, asi mabhi acho anonyorwa zvichienderana ne mainzwi e Chivhenda.
| A a | B b | (C c) | D d | Ḓ ḓ | E e | F f | G g | |
| H h | I i | (J j) | K k | L l | Ḽ ḽ | M m | N n | |
| Ṋ ṋ | Ṅ ṅ | O o | P p | (Q q) | R r | S s | T t | |
| Ṱ ṱ | U u | V v | W w | X x | Y y | Z z |
Keruro
[chinjirudza | chinjirudza mabviro]Pamusoro pezvo, iriko keruro inogona kushandiswa kunyora Chivhenda. Pane keruro mbiri dzinogona kushandiswa kunyora Chivhenda asi pane imwechete inozivikwa kwazvo inonzi Ditema tsa Dinoko uye muChivhenda unonzi "Luṱhofunḓeraru lwa Mibvumo". Ditema tsa Dinoko ndeye mitauro yese yekuAfurika Chamhembe.
Imwe keruro inonzi Mwangwego yakasikwa na Nolence Mwangwego kunyora mitauro ye kuMarawi uye mitauro yekuChamhembe cheAfurika zve.
Chivhenda ne Chishona
[chinjirudza | chinjirudza mabviro]Chivhenda ne Chishona kunyangwe chichinzwika zvakatifananei zvinonyorwa zvakasiyana, muenzaniso pakunyorwa kweChivhenda "vh" anoshandiswa panoshandiswa "v" muChishona, saka isu patinoti "vanhu" ivo vanonyora vachiti "vhathu". Va na Vha zvinotaurwa zvimwechete sezvinoitwa neChikalanga ne Chishona panoshandiswa Ba na Va zvimwe.
| Chivhenda | Chishona | Tsananguro |
|---|---|---|
| khotsi | baba
|
|
| ḓuvha | zuva | rinotaurwa sokuti "dhuva"
|
| tshikolo | chikoro | Rinotaurwa sokuti "Chikolo"
|
| ndala | nzara, zhara | |
| ndo takala | ndofara, ndodakara
[ndinofara] |
fungai Chindau,
|
| lini | riinhi | |
| madekwana | madekwana, madeko | Zvinoreketwa zvimwechete
|
| vhona | ona, vona | |
| tafula | tafura | |
| thumbu | nhumbu, mimba, pamwiri | |
| musidzana | musikana | |
| mutukana | mukomana | |
| Swondaha | svondo, sondo | swo anoutaurwa sa "svo" |
| Musumbuluwo | muvhuro | pamwe sokuti svumbunuro |
| Lavhuvhili | chipiri | rinotaurwa sokuti lavuvili (kureva rauviri) |
| Lavhuraru | Chitatu | fungai Chikaranga
|
| Lavhuna | China | |
| Lavhutanu | Chishanu | |
| Mugivhela | Mugovera |
Mabviro eruzivo
[chinjirudza | chinjirudza mabviro]- ↑ https://www.math.lsu.edu/~zgersh2/tshivenda.pdf
- ↑ https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/43176418.pdf
- ↑ https://dokumen.site/download/english-venda-dictionarypdf-a5b39f117c2335