Mostrar código-fonte de Ajuda:Guia de pronúncia/Inglês

{{Guia de pronúncia}}
Abaixo está a pronunciação do {{l|pt|inglês}}.

==AFI e SAMPA para a língua inglesa==
{| align=center style="text-align:center"
| valign=top |
{| style="border:1px solid #aaaaaa" rules=all cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0
! colspan="8" bgcolor="#ffffaa" | '''Vogais'''
|-
! colspan="8" bgcolor="#ffffaa" | Curtas
|-
| colspan="8" bgcolor="#ffffaa" | Monotongos
|-
| rowspan="2" bgcolor="#ffffaa" width="10%" | AFI 
| rowspan="2" bgcolor="#ffffaa" | Nomes || rowspan="2" bgcolor="#ffffaa" | SAMPA || rowspan="2" bgcolor="#ffffaa" | enPR<ref>A representação de pronúncia enPR pertence ao [[w:American Heritage Dictionary|American Heritage Dictionary]].</ref>|| colspan="4" bgcolor="#ffffaa" | Exemplos
|-
| bgcolor="#ffffaa" | Iniciais
| bgcolor="#ffffaa" | Mediais
| bgcolor="#ffffaa" | Finais
| bgcolor="#ffffaa" | Consolidados
|-
|/[[æ]]/ 
|<small>{{l|en|trap|TRAP}}</small>, {{l|en|short A}} (A curto)|| /{/ || ă || {{l|en|am}} /'''æ'''m/
|{{l|en|cat}} /k'''æ'''t/
| colspan="2" rowspan="5" |''proibido''<ref>As vogais curtas não ocorrem em fim de palavra exceto em interjeições ({{l|en|meh}} /mɛ/, {{l|en|yeah}} /jæ/, {{l|en|huh}} /hʌ/).</ref>
|-
|/[[ɛ]]/ 
|<small>{{l|en|dress|DRESS}}</small>, {{l|en|short E}} (E curto)|| /E/ || ĕ || {{l|en|else}} /'''ɛ'''ls/
|{{l|en|bed}} /b'''ɛ'''d/
|-
|/[[ɪ]]/ 
|<small>{{l|en|kit|KIT}}</small>, {{l|en|short I}} (I curto)|| /I/ || ĭ || {{l|en|in}} /'''ɪ'''n/
|{{l|en|sit}} /s'''ɪ'''t/
|-
|/[[ʌ]]/ 
|<small>{{l|en|strut|STRUT}}</small>, {{l|en|short U}} (U curto)|| /V/ || ŭ || {{l|en|up}} /'''ʌ'''p/
|{{l|en|urge}} /'''ʌ'''ɹd͡ʒ/, {{l|en|bird}} /b'''ʌ'''ɹd/<ref>No inglês britânico, a sequência /ʌɹ/ é pronunciada /ɜː/ (SAMPA: /3:/, enPR: û).</ref>, {{l|en|enough}} /i̽ː.ˈn'''ʌ'''f/
|-
|/[[ʊ]]/ 
|<small>{{l|en|foot|FOOT}}</small>|| /U/ || o͝o || ''não há''
|{{l|en|put}} /p'''ʊ'''t/, {{l|en|foot}} /f'''ʊ'''t/, {{l|en|book}} /b'''ʊ'''k/
|-
| colspan="8" bgcolor="#ffffaa" |'''Longas'''
|-
|/[[ɑ|ɑː]]/<ref name=":0">No inglês britânico, /ɑː/ é distinguido de /ɒ, ɔː/ (<small>LOT</small>, <small>THOUGHT</small>; SAMPA: /Q, O:/; enPR: ŏ, ô). Anglófonos típicos americanos pronunciam os três fonemas como /ɑː/, exceto /ɔː/ quando sucedido por /ɹ/, esse se tornando /oʊ̯/, e em ''{{l|en|of}}'' e ''{{l|en|what}}'', onde /ʌ/ é pronunciado.</ref>
|<small>{{l|en|palm|PALM}}</small>|| /A:/ || ä || {{l|en|arm}} /'''ɑː'''ɹm/
|{{l|en|lot}} /l'''ɑː'''t/, {{l|en|caught}} /k'''ɑː'''t/<ref name=":0" />, {{l|en|father}} /ˈf'''ɑː'''.ðʌ̽ɹ/, {{l|en|car}} /k'''ɑː'''ɹ/
|{{l|en|saw}} /s'''ɑː'''/<ref name=":0" />, {{l|en|spa}} /sp'''ɑː'''/
|{{l|en|ah}}, {{l|en|awe}}, {{l|en|aw}}
|-
|/[[i|iː]]/ 
|<small>{{l|en|fleece|FLEECE}}</small>, {{l|en|long E}} (E longo)|| /i:/ || ē || {{l|en|even}} /ˈ'''iː'''.vɛ̽n/
|{{l|en|beat}} /b'''iː'''t/
|{{l|en|happy}} /ˈhæp.'''iː'''/
|{{l|en|E}}, {{l|en|eek}}
|-
|/[[u|uː]]/ 
|<small>{{l|en|goose|GOOSE}}</small>, {{l|en|long U}} (U longo)|| /u:/ || o͞o || ''raro'', {{l|en|ooze}} /'''uː'''z/
|{{l|en|lose}} /l'''uː'''z/
|{{l|en|into}} /ˈɪn.t'''uː'''/
|{{l|en|ooh}}
|-
| colspan="8" bgcolor="#ffffaa" |Ditongos<ref name=":1">O inglês britânico tem ditongos adicionais e tritongos pela substituição do fonema /ɹ/ (rótico) pela semivogal /ə̯/ (central) em fim de palavra, exceto quando uma vogal segue: /ɪə̯, ɛə̯, ʊə̯, ɔə̯, ɑɪ̯ə̯, æʊ̯ə̯/.</ref>
|-
|/ɑɪ̯/
|<small>{{l|en|price|PRICE}}</small>, {{l|en|long I}} (I longo)
|/QI/
|ī
|{{l|en|ice}} /'''ɑɪ̯'''s/
|{{l|en|rise}} /ɹ'''ɑɪ̯'''z/
|{{l|en|my}} /m'''ɑɪ̯'''/
|{{l|en|I}}, {{l|en|eye}}, {{l|en|aye}}
|-
|/æʊ̯/
|<small>{{l|en|mouth|MOUTH}}</small>
|/{U/
|ou
|{{l|en|out}} /'''æʊ̯'''t/
|{{l|en|house}} /h'''æʊ̯'''s/
|{{l|en|now}} /n'''æʊ̯'''/
|{{l|en|ow}}
|-
|/ɔɪ̯/
|<small>{{l|en|choice|CHOICE}}</small>
|/OI/
|oi
|''raro'', {{l|en|ointment}} /ˈ'''ɔɪ̯'''nt.mɛ̽nt/
|{{l|en|noise}} /n'''ɔɪ̯'''z/
|{{l|en|boy}} /b'''ɔɪ̯'''/
|{{l|en|oi}}
|-
|/eɪ̯/
|<small>{{l|en|face|FACE}}</small>, {{l|en|long A}} (A longo)
|/eI/
|ā
|{{l|en|eight}} /'''eɪ̯'''t/
|{{l|en|same}} /s'''eɪ̯'''m/, {{l|en|bait}} /b'''eɪ̯'''t/
|{{l|en|play}} /pl'''eɪ̯'''/
|{{l|en|A}}, {{l|en|ay}}
|-
|/oʊ̯/
|<small>{{l|en|goat|GOAT}}</small>, {{l|en|long O}} (O longo)
|/oU/
|ō
|{{l|en|own}} /'''oʊ̯'''n/
|{{l|en|boat}} /b'''oʊ̯'''t/, {{l|en|nose}} /n'''oʊ̯'''z/
|{{l|en|though}} /ð'''oʊ̯'''/
|{{l|en|O}}, {{l|en|owe}}, {{l|en|oh}}
|}
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| valign=top |

| width=1% |
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{| style="border:1px solid #aaaaaa" rules=all cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0
! colspan="7" bgcolor="#ffffaa" bgcolor="#ffffaa" | Consoantes
|- bgcolor=#ffffcc
| rowspan="3" bgcolor="#ffffaa" width="10%" | AFI || rowspan="3" bgcolor="#ffffaa" | SAMPA || rowspan="3" bgcolor="#ffffaa" | enPR || colspan="4" bgcolor="#ffffaa" | Exemplos
|-
| colspan="2" bgcolor="#ffffaa" | Consolidados
| colspan="2" bgcolor="#ffffaa" | Em encontro consonantal
|-
| bgcolor="#ffffaa" | Em ataque
| bgcolor="#ffffaa" | Em coda
| bgcolor="#ffffaa" | Em ataque
| bgcolor="#ffffaa" | Em coda
|-
|/[[b]]/ || /b/ || b || {{l|en|but}} /'''b'''ʌt/
|{{l|en|cab}} /kæ'''b'''/
|{{l|en|brute}} /'''b'''ɹuːt/, {{l|en|blue}} /'''b'''luː/, {{l|en|imbue}} /ɪm.ˈ'''b'''juː/ 
|{{l|en|garb}} /ɡɑːɹ'''b'''/, {{l|en|bulb}} /bʌl'''b'''/, {{l|en|bulbs}} /bʌl'''b'''z/
|-
|/[[t͡ʃ]]/ || /tS/ || ch || {{l|en|chair}} /'''t͡ʃ'''ɛɹ/
|{{l|en|catch}} /kæ'''t͡ʃ'''/
|''proibido''
|{{l|en|porch}} /poʊ̯ɹ'''t͡ʃ'''/, {{l|en|belch}} /bɛl'''t͡ʃ'''/, {{l|en|lunch}} /lʌn'''t͡ʃ'''/, {{l|en|lunched}} /lʌn'''t͡ʃ'''t/
|-
|/[[d]]/ || /d/ || d || {{l|en|do}} /'''d'''uː/
|{{l|en|wood}} /wʊ'''d'''/
|{{l|en|drag}} /'''d'''ɹæɡ/
|{{l|en|horde}} /hoʊ̯ɹ'''d'''/, {{l|en|old}} /oʊ̯l'''d'''/, {{l|en|find}} /fɑɪ̯n'''d'''/, {{l|en|finds}} /fɑɪ̯n'''d'''z/, {{l|en|width}} /wɪ'''d'''θ/
|-
|/[[d͡ʒ]]/ || /dZ/ || j || {{l|en|gin}} /'''d͡ʒ'''ɪn/
|{{l|en|edge}} /ɛ'''d͡ʒ'''/
|''proibido''
|{{l|en|large}} /lɑːɹ'''d͡ʒ'''/, {{l|en|bulge}} /bʌl'''d͡ʒ'''/, {{l|en|change}} /t͡ʃeɪ̯n'''d͡ʒ'''/, {{l|en|changed}} /t͡ʃeɪ̯n'''d͡ʒ'''d/
|-
|/[[f]]/ || /f/ || f || {{l|en|fool}} /'''f'''uːl/
|{{l|en|enough}} /i̽ː.ˈnʌ'''f'''/
|{{l|en|from}} /'''f'''ɹʌm/, {{l|en|fly}} /'''f'''lɑɪ̯/, {{l|en|few}} /'''f'''juː/, {{l|en|sphere}} /s'''f'''ɪɹ/
|{{l|en|surf}} /sʌɹ'''f'''/, {{l|en|elf}} /ɛl'''f'''/, {{l|en|triumph}} /ˈtɹɑɪ̯.ʌ̽m'''f'''/, {{l|en|gift}} /ɡɪ'''f'''t/
|-
|/[[ɡ]]/ || /g/ || g || {{l|en|go}} /'''ɡ'''oʊ̯/
|{{l|en|bag}} /bæ'''ɡ'''/
|{{l|en|green}} /'''ɡ'''ɹiːn/, {{l|en|glow}} /'''ɡ'''loʊ̯/, {{l|en|argue}} /ˈɑːɹ.'''ɡ'''juː/
|''raro'', {{l|en|cyborg}} /ˈsɑɪ̯.boʊ̯ɹ'''ɡ'''/, {{l|en|iceberg}} /ˈɑɪ̯s.bʌ̽ɹ'''ɡ'''/
|-
|/[[h]]/ || /h/ || h || {{l|en|ham}} /'''h'''æm/
|''proibido''
|''raro'', {{l|en|hue}} /'''h'''juː/
|''proibido''
|-
|/[[k]]/ || /k/ || k || {{l|en|cat}} /'''k'''æt/, {{l|en|kill}} /'''k'''ɪl/
|{{l|en|back}} /bæ'''k'''/
|{{l|en|cream}} /'''k'''ɹiːm/, {{l|en|close}} /'''k'''loʊ̯z/, {{l|en|cue}} /'''k'''juː/, {{l|en|queen}} /'''k'''wiːn/, {{l|en|skip}} /s'''k'''ɪp/, {{l|en|scratch}} /s'''k'''ɹæt͡ʃ/, {{l|en|sclera}} /ˈs'''k'''lɪ.ɹɑ̽ː/, {{l|en|skew}} /s'''k'''juː/, {{l|en|square}} /s'''k'''wɛɹ/
|{{l|en|bark}} /bɑːɹ'''k'''/, {{l|en|ilk}} /ɪl'''k'''/, {{l|en|conch}} /kɑːŋ'''k'''/, {{l|en|phalanx}} /ˈfeɪ̯.læŋ'''k'''s/, {{l|en|pact}} /pæ'''k'''t/, {{l|en|pacts}} /pæ'''k'''ts/, {{l|en|text}} /tɛ'''k'''st/, {{l|en|texts}} /tɛ'''k'''sts/
|-
|/[[l]]/ || /l/ || l || {{l|en|left}} /'''l'''ɛft/
|{{l|en|meal}} /miː'''l'''/
|{{l|en|play}} /p'''l'''eɪ̯/, {{l|en|claim}} /k'''l'''eɪ̯m/, {{l|en|sly}} /s'''l'''ɑɪ̯/
|{{l|en|melt}} /mɛ'''l'''t/, {{l|en|kiln}} /kɪ'''l'''n/, {{l|en|film}} /fɪ'''l'''m/, {{l|en|health}} /hɛ'''l'''θ/
|-
|/[[m]]/ || /m/ || m || {{l|en|man}} /'''m'''æn/
|{{l|en|him}} /hɪ'''m'''/
|{{l|en|mute}} /'''m'''juːt/, {{l|en|smooch}} /s'''m'''uːt͡ʃ/
|{{l|en|jump}} /d͡ʒʌ'''m'''p/, {{l|en|tempt}} /tɛ'''m'''pt/
|-
|/[[n]]/ || /n/ || n || {{l|en|no}} /'''n'''oʊ̯/
|{{l|en|mean}} /miː'''n'''/
|{{l|en|new}} /'''n'''juː/, {{l|en|noir}} /'''n'''wɑːɹ/, {{l|en|snake}} /s'''n'''eɪ̯k/
|{{l|en|end}} /ɛ'''n'''d/, {{l|en|mint}} /mɪ'''n'''t/
|-
|/[[ŋ]]/<ref>/ŋ/ pode ser pronunciado como /ŋɡ/.</ref> || /N/ || ng || ''proibido''
|{{l|en|singer}} /ˈsɪ'''ŋ'''.ʌ̽ɹ/, {{l|en|ring}} /ɹɪ'''ŋ'''/
|''proibido''
|{{l|en|ringed}} /ɹɪ'''ŋ'''d/, {{l|en|rings}} /ɹɪ'''ŋ'''z/, {{l|en|strength}} /stɹɛ'''ŋ'''θ/, {{l|en|strengths}} /stɹɛ'''ŋ'''θs/
|-
|/[[p]]/ || /p/ || p || {{l|en|pen}} /'''p'''ɛn/
|{{l|en|top}} /tɑː'''p'''/
|{{l|en|preach}} /'''p'''ɹiːt͡ʃ/, {{l|en|pure}} /'''p'''jʊɹ/, {{l|en|split}} /s'''p'''lɪt/, {{l|en|sprint}} /s'''p'''ɹɪnt/, {{l|en|spew}} /s'''p'''juː/
|{{l|en|help}} /hɛl'''p'''/, {{l|en|harp}} /hɑːɹ'''p'''/, {{l|en|wasp}} /wɑːs'''p'''/, {{l|en|damp}} /dæm'''p'''/
|-
|/[[ɹ]]/ || /r\/ || r || {{l|en|run}} /'''ɹ'''ʌn/
|{{l|en|deer}} /dɪ'''ɹ'''/, {{l|en|pear}} /pɛ'''ɹ'''/, {{l|en|poor}} /poʊ̯'''ɹ'''/, {{l|en|fire}} /fɑɪ̯'''ɹ'''/, {{l|en|flower}} /flæʊ̯'''ɹ'''/<ref name=":1" />
|{{l|en|create}} /k'''ɹ'''iː.ˈeɪ̯t/
|{{l|en|girl}} /ɡʌ'''ɹ'''l/<ref name=":1" />
|-
|/[[s]]/ || /s/ || s || {{l|en|see}} /'''s'''iː/, {{l|en|city}} /ˈ'''s'''ɪt.iː/
|{{l|en|pass}} /pæ'''s'''/
|{{l|en|sport}} /'''s'''poʊ̯ɹt/, {{l|en|stay}} /'''s'''teɪ̯/, {{l|en|skill}} /'''s'''kɪl/, {{l|en|svelte}} /'''s'''vɛlt/
|{{l|en|next}} /nɛk'''s'''t/, {{l|en|sixth}} /sɪk'''s'''θ/, {{l|en|sixths}} /sɪk'''s'''θ'''s'''/
|-
|/[[ʃ]]/ || /S/ || sh || {{l|en|she}} /'''ʃ'''iː/, {{l|en|sure}} /'''ʃ'''ʊɹ/
|{{l|en|rash}} /ɹæ'''ʃ'''/
|''raro'', {{l|en|shrewd}} /'''ʃ'''ɹuːd/
|''raro'', {{l|en|dashed}} /dæ'''ʃ'''t/
|-
|/[[t]]/ || /t/ || t || {{l|en|to}} /'''t'''uː/
|{{l|en|mat}} /mæ'''t'''/
|{{l|en|trip}} /'''t'''ɹɪp/, {{l|en|steel}} /s'''t'''iːl/
|{{l|en|art}} /ɑːɹ'''t'''/
|-
|/[[θ]]/ || /T/ || th || {{l|en|theme}} /'''θ'''iːm/
|{{l|en|moth}} /mɑː'''θ'''/
|''raro'', {{l|en|thwart}} /'''θ'''wɑːɹt/
|''raro'', {{l|en|eighth}} /eɪ̯t'''θ'''/, {{l|en|eighths}} /eɪ̯t'''θ'''s/
|-
|/[[ð]]/ || /D/ || ''th'' || {{l|en|this}} /'''ð'''ɪs/, {{l|en|father}} /ˈf'''ɑː'''.ðʌ̽ɹ/
|''raro'', {{l|en|clothe}} /kloʊ̯'''ð'''/
|''não há''
|''raro'', {{l|en|clothes}} /kloʊ̯'''ð'''z/
|-
|/[[v]]/ || /v/ || v || {{l|en|voice}} /'''v'''ɔɪ̯s/
|{{l|en|love}} /lʌ'''v'''/
|''proibido''
|''raro'', {{l|en|loved}} /lʌ'''v'''d/, {{l|en|loves}} /lʌ'''v'''z/
|-
|/[[w]]/ || /w/ || w || {{l|en|we}} /'''w'''iː/
|''proibido''
|''raro'', {{l|en|dwell}} /d'''w'''ɛl/, {{l|en|twice}} /t'''w'''ɑɪ̯s/
|''proibido''
|-
|/[[j]]/ || /j/ || y || {{l|en|yes}} /'''j'''ɛs/
|''proibido''
|{{l|en|beauty}} /ˈb'''j'''uː.tiː/, {{l|en|human}} /ˈh'''j'''uː.mæ̽n/ 
|''proibido''
|-
|/[[z]]/ || /z/ || z || {{l|en|zoo}} /'''z'''uː/
|{{l|en|rose}} /ɹoʊ̯'''z'''/
|''proibido''
|{{l|en|domes}} /doʊ̯m'''z'''/, {{l|en|pens}} /pɛn'''z'''/
|-
|/[[ʒ]]/ || /Z/ || zh || ''raro'', {{l|en|gigue}} /'''ʒ'''iːɡ/, {{l|en|jete}} /'''ʒ'''ɛ̽.ˈteɪ̯/
|{{l|en|pleasure}} /ˈplɛ'''ʒ'''.ʊ̽ɹ/
|''raro'', {{l|en|joie de vivre}} /'''ʒ'''wɑː de̽ɪ̯̽ ˈviːv.ɹe̽ɪ̯̽/
|''raro'', {{l|en|luged}} /luː'''ʒ'''d/
|-
| colspan="7" bgcolor="#ffffaa" |Marginais
|-
|/[[ʍ]]/<ref name=":2">A pronúncia corrente das consoantes marginais /ʍ, x/ é /w, k/ respectivamente.</ref>|| /W/ || hw || {{l|en|which}} /'''ʍ'''ɪt͡ʃ/
|''proibido''
|''proibido''
|''proibido''
|-
|/[[x]]/<ref name=":2" /> || /x/ || <small>KH</small> || ''proibido''
|{{l|en|loch}} /lɑː'''x'''/
|''proibido''
|{{l|en|lochs}} /lɑː'''x'''s/
|}
|}

=== Diacríticos ===
O diacrítico Combining X Above (X Combinante Acima) representa uma vogal reduzida a [ə] (xevá): election /i̽ː.ˈlɛk.ʃʌ̽n/ [ə.ˈlɛk.ʃən], opinion /o̽ʊ̯̽.ˈpɪn.jʌ̽n/ [ə.ˈpɪn.jən]. Em uma pronúncia enfática ou cuidadosa, a redução vocálica pode diminuir, revelando a vogal fonêmica.

==Nota==
[[Categoria:!Guia de pronúncia|Inglês]]