Abstract
Recording neuron activities is pivotal for elucidating the functionality of the nervous system. However, the curved cortex surface of experimental mice presents a significant challenge for optical systems, particularly when a larger field of view (FOV) is required. To address this challenge, we have designed an off-axis three-mirror system that incorporates freeform surfaces on both the primary and secondary mirrors. This system achieves a large imaging FOV of ${18}° \times {9}°$, delivering near-diffraction-limit imaging quality across a curvature spectrum of ${-}{14.7}$ to ${-}{15.3}\;{\rm mm}$. A manufacturability analysis indicates that the freeform surfaces are straightforward to produce, and the overall system demonstrates low sensitivity to tolerance and measurement errors. This study introduces a novel, to the best of our knowledge, solution to the field curvature constraints in optical imaging of cortical activity, providing substantial technical support for in vivo neuronal imaging endeavors.
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