Perang di Afghanistan (2001–2021)

Perang di Afghanistan (2001–kini)
	Sebahagian daripada Perang Saudara di Afghanistan dan Perang Menentang Keganasan
	; Arah jam atas-kiri: Komando marin Britain mengambil bahagian dalam membersihkan daerah Nad-e Ali District di wilayah Helmand; duah buah pesawat F/A-18 melaksanakan misi tempur di Afghanistan; tentera Afghanistan dalam satu operasi membersihkan kawasan di wilayah Helmand; Tentera Perancis meronda di sebuah lembah di wilayah Kapisa; Marin A.S bersedia untuk menaiki bas tidak lama selepas tiba di selatan Afghanistan; pejuang Taliban di gua persembunyian; Tentera A.S bersedia untuk menembak mortar dalam satu misi di wilayah Paktika.
Tarikh	Fasa pertama: 7 Oktober 2001 – 28 Disember 2014; Fasa kedua: 1 Januari 2015 – 15 Ogos 2021;
Lokasi	Afghanistan
Status	Berlangsung Kejatuhan kerajaan Taliban; Kemusnahan kem al-Qaeda; Perjuangan Taliban; Perang di Pakistan Barat Laut; Tentera Amerika Syarikat berundur dari Afghanistan; Penaklukan ibu kota Kabul oleh Taliban;
Pihak yang terlibat
Gabungan: NATO – ISAF (130,432) Amerika Syarikat – 90,000; United Kingdom – 9,500; Jerman – 4,388; Perancis – 3,750; Itali – 3,300; Kanada – 2,922; Poland – 2,417; Turki – 1,790; Romania – 1,648; Australia – 1,550; Sepanyol – 1,537; 37 buah negara lain; ; Afghanistan; Peserta Operasi Enduring Freedom; Serangan 2001: Amerika Syarikat; United Kingdom; Persekutuan Utara;	Kumpulan pejuang: Taliban; al-Qaeda; IMU; HI-Gulbuddin; HI-Khalis; Rangkaian Haqqani; Lashkar-e-Toiba; JeM; TTP; IEW; TNSM; IJU; Serangan 2001: Emiriah Islam Afghanistan; al-Qaeda;
Komandan dan pemimpin
David Petraeus; Stanley McChrystal; David D. McKiernan; Karl W. Eikenberry; David Barno; Dan K. McNeill; Paul T. Mikolashek; Tommy Franks ; Nick Parker; David Richards; John McColl; Rick Hillier; Andrew Leslie; Mauro del Vecchio; Jean-Louis Py; Goetz Gliemeroth; Norbert Van Heyst; Hilmi Akin Zorlu; Hamid Karzai; Bismillah Khan Mohammadi; Mohammed Fahim; Abdul Rashid Dostum; Ustad Atta Mohammed Noor	Mohammed Omar; Obaidullah Akhund #; Mullah Dadullah (K.I.A.); Mullah Bakht Mohammed #; Jalaluddin Haqqani; Osama bin Laden; Ayman al-Zawahiri; Mustafa Abu al-Yazid (K.I.A.); Muhammad Atef (K.I.A.); Abu Laith al-Libi (K.I.A.); Pemimpin IMU; Gulbuddin Hekmatyar; Sirajuddin Haqqani; Pemimpin Tehrik-i-Taliban; Mullah Abdul Ghani Baradar # ; Maulana Fazlullah ;
Kekuatan
NATO – ISAF: 130,432; Tentera Darat Afghanistan: 138,200 (2010); Pasukan Polis Afghanistan: 120,500 (2010); Angkatan Tentera A.S (bukan ISAF): 48,000 (2008); Total: 437,000 (2010);	Taliban: ~36,000; al-Qaeda: 50-500 ; Hezbi Islami: 1,000; IMU: 5,000–10,000; pejuang Haqqani: 1,000; TTP: 30,000–35,000; Quetta Shura:10,000; TNSM:4,500; Total: 93,000 (2010);
Kerugian dan korban
Pasukan Keselamatan Afghanistan:; 6,100+ mati ; ; Persekutuan Utara Afghanistan:; 200 mati; Gabungan:; Mati: 2,123 (US: 1,303, UK: 340, Kanada: 152 Others: 328); Cedera: 12,523+ (US: 7,819, UK: 4,091, Kanada: 400+, Australia: 156, Romania: 44, Estonia: 43); Pakistan; Mati: 14; Cedera: 3; Kontraktor:; Mati: 1,764; Cedera: 59,465	Taliban and Insurgents; Mati atau ditawan: 30,000+; Cedera: tidak diketahui
	Kematian orang awam: 14,000-34,000 aggr.
	Jumlah mangsa dari Jabatan Buruh Amerika Syarikat untuk Kontraktor dicampurkan bagi Iraq dan Afghanistan.;

Templat:Campaignbox Afghan War

Templat:Campaignbox Conflicts in the War on drugs

Perang di Afghanistan bermula pada 7 Oktober, 2001,^[32] selepas satu operasi ketenteraan Amerika Syarikat yang dikenali sebagai Operasi Enduring Freedom dilancarkan, bersama-sama dengan tentera Britain, sebagai tindak balas terhadap serangan ke atas Amerika Syarikat pada 11 September 2001. UK sejak tahun 2002 mengetuai operasi tentera mereka sendiri, Operasi Herrick, dalam peperangan yang sama di Afghanistan. Peperangan ini melihat pergelutan beransur-ansur pasukan tentera yang diketuai oleh Amerika Syarikat menentang Al-Qaeda dan para penyokong Taliban, kepada usaha-usaha yang kompleks melawan keganasan yang juga diketuai oleh Amerika Syarikat melawan rakyat Afghanistan yang mendakwa cuba untuk menghalau keluar pasukan tentera ini. Perang ini membunuh puluhan ribu orang, majoriti darinya adalah orang awam.

Rujukan

^ ^a ^b "International Security Assistance Force (ISAF): Key Facts and Figures" (PDF). ISAF. 2010-07-06. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal (PDF) pada 2010-12-14. Dicapai pada 2010-10-25.
^ Aunohita Mojumdar, Correspondent of The Christian Science Monitor. "Outpost attack in Afghanistan shows major boost in militant strength". Csmonitor.com. Dicapai pada October 2, 2008.
^ Lihat Operasi Oqab
^ "Afghan National Security Forces (ANSF)" (PDF). NATO. 2010-10-26. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal (PDF) pada 2012-01-29. Dicapai pada 2010-11-13.
^ "Afghan National Security Forces (ANSF)" (PDF). NATO. 2010-10-26. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal (PDF) pada 2012-01-29. Dicapai pada 2010-11-13.
^ Ralat petik: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama Congressional Research Services Report for Congress — U.S. Forces in Afghanistan — Updated July 15, 2008
^ RS22633 – U.S. Forces in Afghanistan – July 15, 2008
^ Major-General Richard Barrons puts Taleban fighter numbers at 36,000
^ Partlow, Joshua (November 11, 2009). "Moins de 50 combattants d'al-Qaida en Afghanistan". slate.fr. Dicapai pada 2010-07-01.
^ Roberston, Nic., Cruickshank, Paul. Al Qaeda's training adapts to drone attacks. CNN. 31 July 2009.
^ ^a ^b "A Sober Assessment of Afghanistan — washingtonpost.com". Washingtonpost.com. Dicapai pada October 2, 2008.
^ "Uzbek Fighters in Pakistan Reportedly Return to Afghanistan". Jamestown.org. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2013-07-07. Dicapai pada October 2, 2008.
^ Bajoria, Jayshree (2009-10-26). "Pakistan's New Generation of Terrorists". Council on Foreign relations. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2010-05-06. Dicapai pada 2010-04-06.
^ "Pakistan Observer – Newspaper online edition – Article". Pakobserver.net. 2009-07-30. Dicapai pada 2010-02-09.^{[pautan mati]}
^ "While U.S. debates Afghanistan policy, Taliban beefs up". Mcclatchydc.com. 2009-10-14. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2009-10-18. Dicapai pada 2010-02-09.
^ "Violence kills 100 afghan police every month". Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2010-09-28. Dicapai pada 2010-11-13.
^ Morello, Carol; Loeb, Vernon (December 6, 2001). "Friendly fire kills 3 GIs". Post-gazette.com. Dicapai pada October 2, 2008.
^ Terry McCarthy/Kunduz (November 18, 2001). "A Volatile State of Siege After a Taliban Ambush – Printout – TIME". Time.com. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2012-05-30. Dicapai pada October 2, 2008.
^ John Pike (2001-12-09). "VOA News Report". Globalsecurity.org. Dicapai pada 2010-02-09.
^ "US Bombs Wipe Out Farming Village". Rawa.org. Dicapai pada 2010-02-09.
^ "OEF: Afghanistan: Fatalities By Year". iCasualties. 2005-09-09. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2018-10-27. Dicapai pada 2010-11-12.
^ "Defenselink Casualty Report 2010 07 02" (PDF). Defenselink. 2010-08-02. Dicapai pada 2010-08-02.
^ Op Herrick casualty and fatality tables. UK Ministry of Defence
^ Afghanistan Casualty and Fatality Tables^{[pautan mati kekal]} UK Ministry of Defence
^ Brewster, Murray. Two Canadian Soldiers Wounded In Roadside Bomb Attack. The Canadian Press. 2009/02/06
^ Australian wounded by insurgent gunfire. Australian Government Department of Defence
^ ROMANIAN MILITARIES IN THE THEATERS OF OPERATIONS Diarkibkan 2011-01-18 di Wayback Machine Ministry of National Defense (Romania)
^ "Afghanistan". Vm.ee. Dicapai pada 2010-07-28.
^ http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Asia-South-Central/2010/0930/NATO-helicopter-strike-on-Pakistan-shows-new-strategy-of-hot-pursuit
^ ^a ^b http://www.dol.gov/owcp/dlhwc/dbaallemployer.htm
^ ^a ^b http://projects.propublica.org/tables/contractor_casualties
^ "It's time for war, Bush and Blair tell Taliban – We're ready to go in – PM|Planes shot at over Kabul"

Bacaan lanjut

Christopher N. Koontz, penyunting (2008). Enduring Voices: Oral Histories of the U.S. Army Experience in Afghanistan, 2003-2005. Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. CMH Pub 70-112-1. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2010-11-08. Dicapai pada 2010-11-13. full text available online

Pautan luar

"Inside the Surge" GuardianFilms

Troop Levels in Afghanistan Since 2001 – interactive map by The New York Times
Afghanistan Conflict Monitor
Rule of Law in Armed Conflicts Project: Afghanistan Diarkibkan 2011-07-06 di Wayback Machine
A 2-part story explaining the reasoning of the military campaign from the U.S./UK perspective
PBS NOW Afghanistan: The Forgotten War
Reports of U.S./NATO involvements in Afghanistan
Interview: U.S. Special Forces ODA 595. Frontline. PBS. Aug 2, 2002.
Rebels: Mazar-i Sharif is Ours. Diarkibkan 2010-10-30 di Wayback Machine Time. Nov 09, 2001.
75,000 documents on Wikileaks

[placemat-1] "International Security Assistance Force (ISAF): Key Facts and Figures" (PDF). ISAF. 2010-07-06. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal (PDF) pada 2010-12-14. Dicapai pada 2010-10-25.

[2] Aunohita Mojumdar, Correspondent of The Christian Science Monitor. "Outpost attack in Afghanistan shows major boost in militant strength". Csmonitor.com. Dicapai pada October 2, 2008.

[3] Lihat Operasi Oqab

[4] "Afghan National Security Forces (ANSF)" (PDF). NATO. 2010-10-26. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal (PDF) pada 2012-01-29. Dicapai pada 2010-11-13.

[5] "Afghan National Security Forces (ANSF)" (PDF). NATO. 2010-10-26. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal (PDF) pada 2012-01-29. Dicapai pada 2010-11-13.

[Congressional_Research_Services_Report_for_Congress_—_U.S._Forces_in_Afghanistan_—_Updated_July_15,_2008-6] Ralat petik: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama Congressional Research Services Report for Congress — U.S. Forces in Afghanistan — Updated July 15, 2008

[RS22633_-_U.S._Forces_in_Afghanistan_—_July_15,_2008-7] RS22633 – U.S. Forces in Afghanistan – July 15, 2008

[8] Major-General Richard Barrons puts Taleban fighter numbers at 36,000

[9] Partlow, Joshua (November 11, 2009). "Moins de 50 combattants d'al-Qaida en Afghanistan". slate.fr. Dicapai pada 2010-07-01.

[10] Roberston, Nic., Cruickshank, Paul. Al Qaeda's training adapts to drone attacks. CNN. 31 July 2009.

[washingtonpost1-11] "A Sober Assessment of Afghanistan — washingtonpost.com". Washingtonpost.com. Dicapai pada October 2, 2008.

[12] "Uzbek Fighters in Pakistan Reportedly Return to Afghanistan". Jamestown.org. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2013-07-07. Dicapai pada October 2, 2008.

[13] Bajoria, Jayshree (2009-10-26). "Pakistan's New Generation of Terrorists". Council on Foreign relations. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2010-05-06. Dicapai pada 2010-04-06.

[14] "Pakistan Observer – Newspaper online edition – Article". Pakobserver.net. 2009-07-30. Dicapai pada 2010-02-09.^{[pautan mati]}

[15] "While U.S. debates Afghanistan policy, Taliban beefs up". Mcclatchydc.com. 2009-10-14. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2009-10-18. Dicapai pada 2010-02-09.

[16] "Violence kills 100 afghan police every month". Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2010-09-28. Dicapai pada 2010-11-13.

[17] Morello, Carol; Loeb, Vernon (December 6, 2001). "Friendly fire kills 3 GIs". Post-gazette.com. Dicapai pada October 2, 2008.

[18] Terry McCarthy/Kunduz (November 18, 2001). "A Volatile State of Siege After a Taliban Ambush – Printout – TIME". Time.com. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2012-05-30. Dicapai pada October 2, 2008.

[19] John Pike (2001-12-09). "VOA News Report". Globalsecurity.org. Dicapai pada 2010-02-09.

[20] "US Bombs Wipe Out Farming Village". Rawa.org. Dicapai pada 2010-02-09.

[icas-21] "OEF: Afghanistan: Fatalities By Year". iCasualties. 2005-09-09. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2018-10-27. Dicapai pada 2010-11-12.

[22] "Defenselink Casualty Report 2010 07 02" (PDF). Defenselink. 2010-08-02. Dicapai pada 2010-08-02.

[23] Op Herrick casualty and fatality tables. UK Ministry of Defence

[24] Afghanistan Casualty and Fatality Tables^{[pautan mati kekal]} UK Ministry of Defence

[25] Brewster, Murray. Two Canadian Soldiers Wounded In Roadside Bomb Attack. The Canadian Press. 2009/02/06

[26] Australian wounded by insurgent gunfire. Australian Government Department of Defence

[27] ROMANIAN MILITARIES IN THE THEATERS OF OPERATIONS Diarkibkan 2011-01-18 di Wayback Machine Ministry of National Defense (Romania)

[28] "Afghanistan". Vm.ee. Dicapai pada 2010-07-28.

[29] ttps://www.csmonitor.com/World/Asia-South-Central/2010/0930/NATO-helicopter-strike-on-Pakistan-shows-new-strategy-of-hot-pursuit

[dol.gov-30] ttps://www.dol.gov/owcp/dlhwc/dbaallemployer.htm

[projects.propublica.org-31] ttps://projects.propublica.org/tables/contractor_casualties

[32] "It's time for war, Bush and Blair tell Taliban – We're ready to go in – PM|Planes shot at over Kabul"

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