Merge branch 'feature-A'

Author: python0github

alien_invasion.py

@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@
 
 from settings import Settings
 from game_stats import GameStats
+from scoreboard import Scoreboard
+from button import Button
 from ship import Ship
 import game_functions as gf
 
@@ -15,8 +17,11 @@ def run_game():
         ai_settings.screen_height))
     pygame.display.set_caption("Aline_Invasion")
 
-    # 创建一个用于存储游戏统计信息的实例
+    # 创建Play按钮
+    play_button = Button(ai_settings, screen, "Play")
+    # 创建一个用于存储游戏统计信息的实例，并创建记分牌
     stats = GameStats(ai_settings)
+    sb = Scoreboard(ai_settings, screen, stats)
 
     # 创建一艘飞船、一个子弹编组和一个外星人编组
     ship = Ship(ai_settings, screen)
@@ -28,14 +33,18 @@ def run_game():
 
     # 开始游戏的主循环
     while True:
-        gf.check_events(ai_settings, screen, ship, bullets)
+        gf.check_events(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, play_button, ship,
+                aliens, bullets)
 
         if stats.game_active:
             ship.update()
-            gf.update_bullets(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens, bullets)
-            gf.update_aliens(ai_settings, stats, screen, ship, aliens, bullets)
+            gf.update_bullets(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship,
+                    aliens, bullets)
+            gf.update_aliens(ai_settings, stats, screen, sb, ship, aliens,
+                    bullets)
 
-        gf.update_screen(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens, bullets)
+        gf.update_screen(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens,
+                bullets, play_button)
 
 
 run_game()

button.py

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+import pygame.font
+
+
+class Button():
+    """创建Button类"""
+
+    def __init__(self, ai_settings, screen, msg):
+        """初始化按钮的属性"""
+
+        self.screen = screen
+        self.screen_rect = screen.get_rect()
+
+        # 设置按钮的尺寸和其他属性
+        self.width, self.height = 200, 50
+        self.button_color = (0, 255, 0)
+        self.text_color = (255, 255, 255)
+        self.font = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 48)
+
+        # 创建按钮的rect对象，并使其居中
+        self.rect = pygame.Rect(0, 0, self.width, self.height)
+        self.rect.center = self.screen_rect.center
+
+        # 按钮的标签只需创建一次
+        self.prep_msg(msg)
+
+    def prep_msg(self, msg):
+        """将msg渲染为图像，并使其在按钮上居中"""
+
+        self.msg_image = self.font.render(msg, True, self.text_color,
+                self.button_color)
+        self.msg_image_rect = self.msg_image.get_rect()
+        self.msg_image_rect.center = self.rect.center
+
+    def draw_button(self):
+        """绘制一个用颜色填充的按钮，再绘制文本"""
+
+        self.screen.fill(self.button_color, self.rect)
+        self.screen.blit(self.msg_image, self.msg_image_rect)

game_functions.py

@@ -6,7 +6,8 @@
 from alien import Alien
 
 
-def check_keydown_events(event, ai_settings, screen, ship, bullets):
+def check_keydown_events(event, ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship,
+        aliens, bullets):
     """响应按键按下"""
     if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
         ship.moving_right = True
@@ -18,12 +19,15 @@ def check_keydown_events(event, ai_settings, screen, ship, bullets):
     elif event.key == pygame.K_q:
         sys.exit()
 
+    elif event.key == pygame.K_p:
+        start_game(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets)
+
 
 def fire_bullet(ai_settings, screen, ship, bullets):
     """如果还没有到达限制，就发射一颗子弹"""
-
     # 创建一颗子弹，并将其加入到编组bullets中
     if len(bullets) < ai_settings.bullets_allowed:
+
         new_bullet = Bullet(ai_settings, screen, ship)
         bullets.add(new_bullet)
 
@@ -36,22 +40,63 @@ def check_keyup_events(event, ship):
         ship.moving_left = False
 
 
-def check_events(ai_settings, screen, ship, bullets):
+def check_events(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, play_button, ship, aliens,
+        bullets):
     """响应按键和鼠标事件"""
-
     for event in pygame.event.get():
         if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
             sys.exit()
 
         elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
-            check_keydown_events(event, ai_settings, screen, ship, bullets)
+            check_keydown_events(event, ai_settings, screen, stats, sb,
+                    ship, aliens, bullets)
         elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
             check_keyup_events(event, ship)
+        elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
+            mouse_x, mouse_y = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
+            check_play_button(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, play_button,
+                    ship, aliens, bullets, mouse_x, mouse_y)
 
 
-def update_screen(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens, bullets):
-    """更新屏幕上的图像，并切换到新屏幕"""
+def check_play_button(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, play_button, ship,
+        aliens, bullets, mouse_x, mouse_y):
+    """在玩家单击Play按钮时开始新游戏"""
+    button_clicked = play_button.rect.collidepoint(mouse_x, mouse_y)
+    if button_clicked and not stats.game_active:
+        # 重置游戏设置
+        ai_settings.initialize_dynamic_settings()
+
+        # 开始游戏
+        start_game(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets)
+
+
+def start_game(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets):
+    """开始游戏，重置信息，清空列表，并绘制飞船和外星人"""
+    # 隐藏光标
+    pygame.mouse.set_visible(False)
 
+    # 重置游戏统计信息
+    stats.reset_stats()
+    stats.game_active = True
+
+    # 重置记分牌图像
+    sb.prep_score()
+    sb.prep_high_score()
+    sb.prep_level()
+    sb.prep_ships()
+
+    # 清空外星人列表和子弹列表
+    aliens.empty()
+    bullets.empty()
+
+    # 创建一群新的外星人，并让飞船居中
+    create_fleet(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens)
+    ship.center_ship()
+
+
+def update_screen(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets,
+        play_button):
+    """更新屏幕上的图像，并切换到新屏幕"""
     # 每次循环时都重绘屏幕
     screen.fill(ai_settings.bg_color)
 
@@ -62,13 +107,19 @@ def update_screen(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens, bullets):
     ship.blitme()
     aliens.draw(screen)
 
+    # 显示得分
+    sb.show_score()
+
+    # 如果游戏处于非活动状态，就绘制Play按钮
+    if not stats.game_active:
+        play_button.draw_button()
+
     # 让最近绘制的屏幕可见
     pygame.display.flip()
 
 
-def update_bullets(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens, bullets):
+def update_bullets(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets):
     """更新子弹的位置，并删除已消失的子弹"""
-
     # 更新子弹的位置
     bullets.update()
 
@@ -77,32 +128,45 @@ def update_bullets(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens, bullets):
         if bullet.rect.bottom <= 0:
             bullets.remove(bullet)
 
-    check_bullet_alien_collisions(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens, bullets)
+    check_bullet_alien_collisions(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship,
+            aliens, bullets)
 
 
-def check_bullet_alien_collisions(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens, bullets):
+def check_bullet_alien_collisions(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship,
+        aliens, bullets):
     """响应子弹和外星人的碰撞"""
-
     # 删除发生碰撞的子弹和外星人
     collisions = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(bullets, aliens, True, True)
 
+    if collisions:
+        for aliens in collisions.values():
+            stats.score += ai_settings.alien_points * len(aliens)
+            sb.prep_score()
+        check_high_score(stats, sb)
+
     if len(aliens) == 0:
-        # 删除现有的子弹并新建一群外星人
+        # 如果整群外星人都被消灭，就提高一个等级
+        # 清空子弹列表，加快游戏速度
         bullets.empty()
+        ai_settings.increase_speed()
+
+        # 提高等级
+        stats.level += 1
+        sb.prep_level()
+
+        # 重新创建一批外星人
         create_fleet(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens)
 
 
 def get_number_aliens_x(ai_settings, alien_width):
     """计算每行可容纳多少个外星人"""
-
     available_space_x = ai_settings.screen_width - 2 * alien_width
     number_aliens_x = int(available_space_x / (2 * alien_width))
     return number_aliens_x
 
 
 def get_number_rows(ai_settings, ship_height, alien_height):
     """计算屏幕可容纳多少行外星人"""
-
     available_space_y = (ai_settings.screen_height - (3 * alien_height) -
             ship_height)
     number_rows = int(available_space_y / (2 * alien_height))
@@ -121,7 +185,6 @@ def create_alien(ai_settings, screen, aliens, alien_number, row_number):
 
 def create_fleet(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens):
     """创建外星人群"""
-
     # 创建一个外星人，并计算一行可容纳多少个外星人
     alien = Alien(ai_settings, screen)
     number_aliens_x = get_number_aliens_x(ai_settings, alien.rect.width)
@@ -131,7 +194,8 @@ def create_fleet(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens):
     # 创建外星人群
     for row_number in range(number_rows):
         for alien_number in range(number_aliens_x):
-            create_alien(ai_settings, screen, aliens, alien_number, row_number)
+            create_alien(ai_settings, screen, aliens, alien_number,
+                    row_number)
 
 
 def check_fleet_edges(ai_settings, aliens):
@@ -144,19 +208,20 @@ def check_fleet_edges(ai_settings, aliens):
 
 def change_fleet_direction(ai_settings, aliens):
     """将整群外星人下移，并改变它们的方向"""
-
     for alien in aliens.sprites():
         alien.rect.y += ai_settings.fleet_drop_speed
     ai_settings.fleet_direction *= -1
 
 
-def ship_hit(ai_settings, stats, screen, ship, aliens, bullets):
+def ship_hit(ai_settings, stats, screen, sb, ship, aliens, bullets):
     """响应被外星人撞到的飞船"""
-
     if stats.ships_left > 0:
         # 将ships_left减1
         stats.ships_left -= 1
 
+        # 更新记分牌
+        sb.prep_ships()
+
         # 清空外星人列表和子弹列表
         aliens.empty()
         bullets.empty()
@@ -170,20 +235,21 @@ def ship_hit(ai_settings, stats, screen, ship, aliens, bullets):
 
     else:
         stats.game_active = False
+        pygame.mouse.set_visible(True)
 
 
-def check_aliens_bottom(ai_settings, stats, screen, ship, aliens, bullets):
+def check_aliens_bottom(ai_settings, stats, screen, sb, ship, aliens,
+        bullets):
     """检查是否有外星人到达屏幕底端"""
-
     screen_rect = screen.get_rect()
     for alien in aliens.sprites():
         if alien.rect.bottom >= screen_rect.bottom:
             # 像飞船被撞到一样进行处理
-            ship_hit(ai_settings, stats, screen, ship, aliens, bullets)
+            ship_hit(ai_settings, stats, screen, sb, ship, aliens, bullets)
             break
 
 
-def update_aliens(ai_settings, stats, screen, ship, aliens, bullets):
+def update_aliens(ai_settings, stats, screen, sb, ship, aliens, bullets):
     """
     检查是否右外星人位于屏幕边缘，并更新整群外星人的位置
     """
@@ -193,7 +259,15 @@ def update_aliens(ai_settings, stats, screen, ship, aliens, bullets):
 
     # 检测外星人和飞船之间的碰撞
     if pygame.sprite.spritecollideany(ship, aliens):
-        ship_hit(ai_settings, stats, screen, ship, aliens, bullets)
+        ship_hit(ai_settings, stats, screen, sb, ship, aliens, bullets)
+
+    # 检查是否有外星人到达屏幕底端
+    check_aliens_bottom(ai_settings, stats, screen, sb, ship, aliens,
+            bullets)
+
 
-    #检查是否有外星人到达屏幕底端
-    check_aliens_bottom(ai_settings, stats, screen, ship, aliens, bullets)
+def check_high_score(stats, sb):
+    """检查是否诞生了新的最高得分"""
+    if stats.score > stats.high_score:
+        stats.high_score = stats.score
+        sb.prep_high_score()

game_stats.py

@@ -6,9 +6,14 @@ def __init__(self, ai_settings):
         self.ai_settings = ai_settings
         self.reset_stats()
 
-        # 游戏刚启动时处于活动状态
-        self.game_active = True
+        # 让游戏一开始处于非活动状态
+        self.game_active = False
+
+        # 在任何情况下都不应重置最高得分
+        self.high_score = 0
 
     def reset_stats(self):
         """初始化在游戏运行期间可能变化的统计信息"""
         self.ships_left = self.ai_settings.ship_limit
+        self.score = 0
+        self.level = 1