显示当前得分及最高分。

Author: python0github

alien_invasion.py

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 
 from settings import Settings
 from game_stats import GameStats
+from scoreboard import Scoreboard
 from button import Button
 from ship import Ship
 import game_functions as gf
@@ -18,8 +19,9 @@ def run_game():
 
     # 创建Play按钮
     play_button = Button(ai_settings, screen, "Play")
-    # 创建一个用于存储游戏统计信息的实例
+    # 创建一个用于存储游戏统计信息的实例，并创建记分牌
     stats = GameStats(ai_settings)
+    sb = Scoreboard(ai_settings, screen, stats)
 
     # 创建一艘飞船、一个子弹编组和一个外星人编组
     ship = Ship(ai_settings, screen)
@@ -36,12 +38,13 @@ def run_game():
 
         if stats.game_active:
             ship.update()
-            gf.update_bullets(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens, bullets)
+            gf.update_bullets(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship,
+                    aliens, bullets)
             gf.update_aliens(ai_settings, stats, screen, ship, aliens,
                     bullets)
 
-        gf.update_screen(ai_settings, screen, stats, ship, aliens, bullets,
-                play_button)
+        gf.update_screen(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens,
+                bullets, play_button)
 
 
 run_game()

game_functions.py

@@ -62,6 +62,10 @@ def check_play_button(ai_settings, screen, stats, play_button, ship,
     """在玩家单击Play按钮时开始新游戏"""
     button_clicked = play_button.rect.collidepoint(mouse_x, mouse_y)
     if button_clicked and not stats.game_active:
+        # 重置游戏设置
+        ai_settings.initialize_dynamic_settings()
+
+        # 开始游戏
         start_game(ai_settings, screen, stats, ship, aliens, bullets)
 
 
@@ -83,7 +87,7 @@ def start_game(ai_settings, screen, stats, ship, aliens, bullets):
     ship.center_ship()
 
 
-def update_screen(ai_settings, screen, stats, ship, aliens, bullets,
+def update_screen(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets,
         play_button):
     """更新屏幕上的图像，并切换到新屏幕"""
     # 每次循环时都重绘屏幕
@@ -96,6 +100,9 @@ def update_screen(ai_settings, screen, stats, ship, aliens, bullets,
     ship.blitme()
     aliens.draw(screen)
 
+    # 显示得分
+    sb.show_score()
+
     # 如果游戏处于非活动状态，就绘制Play按钮
     if not stats.game_active:
         play_button.draw_button()
@@ -104,7 +111,7 @@ def update_screen(ai_settings, screen, stats, ship, aliens, bullets,
     pygame.display.flip()
 
 
-def update_bullets(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens, bullets):
+def update_bullets(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets):
     """更新子弹的位置，并删除已消失的子弹"""
     # 更新子弹的位置
     bullets.update()
@@ -114,19 +121,26 @@ def update_bullets(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens, bullets):
         if bullet.rect.bottom <= 0:
             bullets.remove(bullet)
 
-    check_bullet_alien_collisions(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens,
-            bullets)
+    check_bullet_alien_collisions(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship,
+            aliens, bullets)
 
 
-def check_bullet_alien_collisions(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens,
-        bullets):
+def check_bullet_alien_collisions(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship,
+        aliens, bullets):
     """响应子弹和外星人的碰撞"""
     # 删除发生碰撞的子弹和外星人
     collisions = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(bullets, aliens, True, True)
 
+    if collisions:
+        for aliens in collisions.values():
+            stats.score += ai_settings.alien_points * len(aliens)
+            sb.prep_score()
+        check_high_score(stats, sb)
+
     if len(aliens) == 0:
-        # 删除现有的子弹并新建一群外星人
+        # 删除现有的子弹，加快游戏节奏，并创建一群新的外星人
         bullets.empty()
+        ai_settings.increase_speed()
         create_fleet(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens)
 
 
@@ -231,3 +245,10 @@ def update_aliens(ai_settings, stats, screen, ship, aliens, bullets):
 
     # 检查是否有外星人到达屏幕底端
     check_aliens_bottom(ai_settings, stats, screen, ship, aliens, bullets)
+
+
+def check_high_score(stats, sb):
+    """检查是否诞生了新的最高得分"""
+    if stats.score > stats.high_score:
+        stats.high_score = stats.score
+        sb.prep_high_score()

game_stats.py

@@ -9,6 +9,10 @@ def __init__(self, ai_settings):
         # 让游戏一开始处于非活动状态
         self.game_active = False
 
+        # 在任何情况下都不应重置最高得分
+        self.high_score = 0
+
     def reset_stats(self):
         """初始化在游戏运行期间可能变化的统计信息"""
         self.ships_left = self.ai_settings.ship_limit
+        self.score = 0

scoreboard.py

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+import pygame.font
+
+
+class Scoreboard():
+    """显示得分信息的类"""
+
+    def __init__(self, ai_settings, screen, stats):
+        """初始化显示得分涉及的属性"""
+        self.screen = screen
+        self.screen_rect = screen.get_rect()
+        self.ai_settings = ai_settings
+        self.stats = stats
+
+        # 显示得分信息时使用的字体设置
+        self.text_color = (30, 30, 30)
+        self.font = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 48)
+
+        # 准备包含最高得分和当前得分的图像
+        self.prep_score()
+        self.prep_high_score()
+
+    def prep_score(self):
+        """将得分转换为一幅渲染的图像"""
+        rounded_score = int(round(self.stats.score, -1))
+        score_str = "{:,}".format(rounded_score)
+        self.score_image = self.font.render(score_str, True,
+                self.text_color, self.ai_settings.bg_color)
+
+        # 将得分放在屏幕右上角
+        self.score_rect = self.score_image.get_rect()
+        self.score_rect.right = self.screen_rect.right - 20
+        self.score_rect.top = 20
+
+    def prep_high_score(self):
+        """将最高得分转换为渲染的图像"""
+        high_score = int(round(self.stats.high_score, -1))
+        high_score_str = "{:,}".format(high_score)
+        self.high_score_image = self.font.render(high_score_str, True,
+                self.text_color, self.ai_settings.bg_color)
+
+        # 将最高得分放在屏幕顶部中央
+        self.high_score_rect = self.high_score_image.get_rect()
+        self.high_score_rect.centerx = self.screen_rect.centerx
+        self.high_score_rect.top = self.screen_rect.top
+
+    def show_score(self):
+        """在屏幕上显示当前得分和最高得分"""
+        self.screen.blit(self.score_image, self.score_rect)
+        self.screen.blit(self.high_score_image, self.high_score_rect)

settings.py

@@ -2,27 +2,48 @@ class Settings():
     """一个存储《外星人入侵》的所有设置的类"""
 
     def __init__(self):
-        """初始化游戏的设置"""
+        """初始化游戏的静态设置"""
 
         # 屏幕设置
         self.screen_width = 800
         self.screen_height = 600
         self.bg_color = (255, 255, 255)
 
         # 飞船的设置
-        self.ship_speed_factor = 2.5
         self.ship_limit = 3
 
         # 子弹设置
-        self.bullet_speed_factor = 10
         self.bullet_width = 300
         self.bullet_height = 15
         self.bullet_color = 20, 100, 20
-        self.bullets_allowed = 15
+        self.bullets_allowed = 5
 
         # 外星人设置
+        self.fleet_drop_speed = 5
+
+        # 以什么样的速度加快游戏节奏
+        self.speedup_scale = 1.1
+
+        # 外星人点数的提高速度
+        self.score_scale = 1.5
+
+        self.initialize_dynamic_settings()
+
+    def initialize_dynamic_settings(self):
+        """初始化随游戏进行而变化的设置"""
+        self.ship_speed_factor = 1.5
+        self.bullet_speed_factor = 3
         self.alien_speed_factor = 1
-        self.fleet_drop_speed = 10
 
-        # fleet_direction为1表示向右移，为-1表示向左移
+        # fleet_direction 为1表示向右; 为-1表示向左
         self.fleet_direction = 1
+
+        # 记分
+        self.alien_points = 50
+
+    def increase_speed(self):
+        """提高速度设置和卫星人点数"""
+        self.ship_speed_factor *= self.speedup_scale
+        self.bullet_speed_factor *= self.speedup_scale
+        self.alien_speed_factor *= self.speedup_scale
+        self.alien_points = int(self.alien_points * self.score_scale)