|
| 1 | +#分析 |
| 2 | + |
| 3 | +所谓的元注解:其实就是可以注解到别的注解上的注解。 |
| 4 | +而被注解的注解我们就称之为组合注解。(仔细理解,可能有点绕) |
| 5 | +组合注解具备元注解的功能! |
| 6 | + |
| 7 | +Spring的很多注解都可以作为元注解,而且Spring本身已经有很多组合注解。 |
| 8 | + |
| 9 | +比如@Configuration就是一个组合@Component注解,表明这个类其实也是一个Bean。 |
| 10 | +@Configuration的源码: |
| 11 | +``` |
| 12 | +// |
| 13 | +// Source code recreated from a .class file by IntelliJ IDEA |
| 14 | +// (powered by Fernflower decompiler) |
| 15 | +// |
| 16 | +
|
| 17 | +package org.springframework.context.annotation; |
| 18 | +
|
| 19 | +import java.lang.annotation.Documented; |
| 20 | +import java.lang.annotation.ElementType; |
| 21 | +import java.lang.annotation.Retention; |
| 22 | +import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy; |
| 23 | +import java.lang.annotation.Target; |
| 24 | +import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; |
| 25 | +
|
| 26 | +@Target({ElementType.TYPE}) |
| 27 | +@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) |
| 28 | +@Documented |
| 29 | +@Component |
| 30 | +public @interface Configuration { |
| 31 | + String value() default ""; |
| 32 | +} |
| 33 | +
|
| 34 | +``` |
| 35 | + |
| 36 | +有的时候,我们可能大量同时使用到几个注解到同一个类上,这个时候,我们就可以考虑将这几个注解到别的注解上。 |
| 37 | + |
| 38 | +比如下面的示例就是将@Configuration和@ComponentScan注解到一个注解上! |
| 39 | + |
| 40 | +这样,我们就可以用一个注解来表示这两个注解。 |
| 41 | + |
| 42 | +#示例 |
| 43 | + |
| 44 | +##组合注解 |
| 45 | + |
| 46 | +``` |
| 47 | +package cn.hncu.p3.p5_annotation; |
| 48 | +
|
| 49 | +import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan; |
| 50 | +import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; |
| 51 | +
|
| 52 | +import java.lang.annotation.*; |
| 53 | +
|
| 54 | +/** |
| 55 | + * Created with IntelliJ IDEA. |
| 56 | + * User: 陈浩翔. |
| 57 | + * Date: 2016/12/8. |
| 58 | + * Time: 下午 4:00. |
| 59 | + * Explain:组合注解 |
| 60 | + */ |
| 61 | +
|
| 62 | +@Target(ElementType.TYPE) |
| 63 | +@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) |
| 64 | +@Documented |
| 65 | +@Configuration//组合@Configuration元注解 bean注解 |
| 66 | +@ComponentScan//组合@ComponentScan元注解 自动扫描对应value(package路径)值下面的所有bean |
| 67 | +public @interface WiselyConfiguration { |
| 68 | + String[] value() default {};//覆盖value参数 |
| 69 | + //就是覆盖@ComponentScan注解中的value参数----必须要写,否则组合注解中放入value值时会报错 |
| 70 | +} |
| 71 | +
|
| 72 | +``` |
| 73 | +解释一下@Documented: |
| 74 | +表明这个注解应该被 javadoc工具记录. 默认情况下,javadoc是不包括注解的. 但如果声明注解时指定了 @Documented,则它会被 javadoc 之类的工具处理, 所以注解类型信息也会被包括在生成的文档中. |
| 75 | + |
| 76 | +##服务Bean |
| 77 | + |
| 78 | +``` |
| 79 | +package cn.hncu.p3.p5_annotation; |
| 80 | +
|
| 81 | +import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; |
| 82 | +
|
| 83 | +/** |
| 84 | + * Created with IntelliJ IDEA. |
| 85 | + * User: 陈浩翔. |
| 86 | + * Date: 2016/12/8. |
| 87 | + * Time: 下午 8:17. |
| 88 | + * Explain:服务Bean |
| 89 | + */ |
| 90 | +@Service |
| 91 | +public class DemoService { |
| 92 | + public void outputResult(){ |
| 93 | + System.out.println("从组合注解配置照样获得的bean"); |
| 94 | + } |
| 95 | +} |
| 96 | +
|
| 97 | +``` |
| 98 | + |
| 99 | +##配置类 |
| 100 | + |
| 101 | +现在就只需要我们自定义的那个注解就可以代表那两个注解了。 |
| 102 | + |
| 103 | +``` |
| 104 | +package cn.hncu.p3.p5_annotation; |
| 105 | +
|
| 106 | +/** |
| 107 | + * Created with IntelliJ IDEA. |
| 108 | + * User: 陈浩翔. |
| 109 | + * Date: 2016/12/8. |
| 110 | + * Time: 下午 8:19. |
| 111 | + * Explain:配置类--组合注解 |
| 112 | + */ |
| 113 | +@WiselyConfiguration("cn.hncu.p3.p5_annotation") |
| 114 | +//自定义注解,扫描的所有的bean来源于value值所对应的包路径下 |
| 115 | +//使用@WiselyConfiguration组合注解替代@Configuration和@ComponentScan |
| 116 | +public class DemoConfig { |
| 117 | +} |
| 118 | +
|
| 119 | +``` |
| 120 | + |
| 121 | +##运行类 |
| 122 | + |
| 123 | +``` |
| 124 | +package cn.hncu.p3.p5_annotation; |
| 125 | +
|
| 126 | +import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext; |
| 127 | +
|
| 128 | +/** |
| 129 | + * Created with IntelliJ IDEA. |
| 130 | + * User: 陈浩翔. |
| 131 | + * Date: 2016/12/8. |
| 132 | + * Time: 下午 8:21. |
| 133 | + * Explain:运行类 |
| 134 | + */ |
| 135 | +public class Main { |
| 136 | + public static void main(String[] args) { |
| 137 | + AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(DemoConfig.class); |
| 138 | + DemoService demoService = context.getBean(DemoService.class); |
| 139 | + demoService.outputResult(); |
| 140 | + context.close(); |
| 141 | + } |
| 142 | +} |
| 143 | +
|
| 144 | +``` |
| 145 | + |
| 146 | +#运行结果 |
| 147 | + |
| 148 | + |
| 149 | + |
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