Typical markup:
&<> use & escapes
+PostgreSQL <productname>
+postgresql.conf, pg_hba.conf <filename>
[A-Z][A-Z ]+[A-Z] <command>
[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z0-9_]+() <function>
[A-Za-z_]/[A-Za-z_]+ <filename>
-PostgreSQL <productname>
pg_[A-Za-z0-9_] <application>
-[A-Z][A-Z] <type>, <envar>, <literal>
+[A-Z][A-Z][A-Z_ ]* <type>, <envar>, <literal>
non-ASCII characters convert to HTML4 entity (&) escapes
wrap long lines
For new features, add links to the documentation sections. Use </link>
-so that Perl can remove it so HISTORY.html can be created with no
-links to the main documentation. This was added only in 8.2, so don't
-do it for earlier branch release files.
+not just </> so that generate_history.pl can remove it, so HISTORY.html
+can be created without links to the main documentation.
-->
review, so each item is truly a community effort.
</para>
- <sect1 id="release-8-2-13">
- <title>Release 8.2.13</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2009-03-16</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.2.12.
- For information about new features in the 8.2 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-2">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.2.13</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.2.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.2.11,
- see the release notes for 8.2.11.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent error recursion crashes when encoding conversion fails (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This change extends fixes made in the last two minor releases for
- related failure scenarios. The previous fixes were narrowly tailored
- for the original problem reports, but we have now recognized that
- <emphasis>any</> error thrown by an encoding conversion function could
- potentially lead to infinite recursion while trying to report the
- error. The solution therefore is to disable translation and encoding
- conversion and report the plain-ASCII form of any error message,
- if we find we have gotten into a recursive error reporting situation.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Disallow <command>CREATE CONVERSION</> with the wrong encodings
- for the specified conversion function (Heikki)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This prevents one possible scenario for encoding conversion failure.
- The previous change is a backstop to guard against other kinds of
- failures in the same area.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix core dump when <function>to_char()</> is given format codes that
- are inappropriate for the type of the data argument (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible failure in <filename>contrib/tsearch2</> when C locale is
- used with a multi-byte encoding (Teodor)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Crashes were possible on platforms where <type>wchar_t</> is narrower
- than <type>int</>; Windows in particular.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix extreme inefficiency in <filename>contrib/tsearch2</> parser's
- handling of an email-like string containing multiple <literal>@</>
- characters (Heikki)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix decompilation of <literal>CASE WHEN</> with an implicit coercion
- (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This mistake could lead to Assert failures in an Assert-enabled build,
- or an <quote>unexpected CASE WHEN clause</> error message in other
- cases, when trying to examine or dump a view.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible misassignment of the owner of a TOAST table's rowtype (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- If <command>CLUSTER</> or a rewriting variant of <command>ALTER TABLE</>
- were executed by someone other than the table owner, the
- <structname>pg_type</> entry for the table's TOAST table would end up
- marked as owned by that someone. This caused no immediate problems,
- since the permissions on the TOAST rowtype aren't examined by any
- ordinary database operation. However, it could lead to unexpected
- failures if one later tried to drop the role that issued the command
- (in 8.1 or 8.2), or <quote>owner of data type appears to be invalid</>
- warnings from <application>pg_dump</> after having done so (in 8.3).
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix PL/pgSQL to not treat <literal>INTO</> after <command>INSERT</> as
- an INTO-variables clause anywhere in the string, not only at the start;
- in particular, don't fail for <command>INSERT INTO</> within
- <command>CREATE RULE</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Clean up PL/pgSQL error status variables fully at block exit
- (Ashesh Vashi and Dave Page)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is not a problem for PL/pgSQL itself, but the omission could cause
- the PL/pgSQL Debugger to crash while examining the state of a function.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Retry failed calls to <function>CallNamedPipe()</> on Windows
- (Steve Marshall, Magnus)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- It appears that this function can sometimes fail transiently;
- we previously treated any failure as a hard error, which could
- confuse <command>LISTEN</>/<command>NOTIFY</> as well as other
- operations.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <literal>MUST</> (Mauritius Island Summer Time) to the default list
- of known timezone abbreviations (Xavier Bugaud)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-2-12">
- <title>Release 8.2.12</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2009-02-02</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.2.11.
- For information about new features in the 8.2 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-2">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.2.12</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.2.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.2.11,
- see the release notes for 8.2.11.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve handling of URLs in <function>headline()</> function (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve handling of overlength headlines in <function>headline()</>
- function (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent possible Assert failure or misconversion if an encoding
- conversion is created with the wrong conversion function for the
- specified pair of encodings (Tom, Heikki)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible Assert failure if a statement executed in PL/pgSQL is
- rewritten into another kind of statement, for example if an
- <command>INSERT</> is rewritten into an <command>UPDATE</> (Heikki)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Ensure that a snapshot is available to datatype input functions (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This primarily affects domains that are declared with <literal>CHECK</>
- constraints involving user-defined stable or immutable functions. Such
- functions typically fail if no snapshot has been set.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make it safer for SPI-using functions to be used within datatype I/O;
- in particular, to be used in domain check constraints (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Avoid unnecessary locking of small tables in <command>VACUUM</>
- (Heikki)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix a problem that made <literal>UPDATE RETURNING tableoid</>
- return zero instead of the correct OID (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix planner misestimation of selectivity when transitive equality
- is applied to an outer-join clause (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This could result in bad plans for queries like
- <literal>... from a left join b on a.a1 = b.b1 where a.a1 = 42 ...</>
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve optimizer's handling of long <literal>IN</> lists (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This change avoids wasting large amounts of time on such lists
- when constraint exclusion is enabled.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Ensure that the contents of a holdable cursor don't depend on the
- contents of TOAST tables (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Previously, large field values in a cursor result might be represented
- as TOAST pointers, which would fail if the referenced table got dropped
- before the cursor is read, or if the large value is deleted and then
- vacuumed away. This cannot happen with an ordinary cursor,
- but it could with a cursor that is held past its creating transaction.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix memory leak when a set-returning function is terminated without
- reading its whole result (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <filename>contrib/dblink</>'s
- <function>dblink_get_result(text,bool)</> function (Joe)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible garbage output from <filename>contrib/sslinfo</> functions
- (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>configure</> script to properly report failure when
- unable to obtain linkage information for PL/Perl (Andrew)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make all documentation reference <literal>pgsql-bugs</> and/or
- <literal>pgsql-hackers</> as appropriate, instead of the
- now-decommissioned <literal>pgsql-ports</> and <literal>pgsql-patches</>
- mailing lists (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update time zone data files to <application>tzdata</> release 2009a (for
- Kathmandu and historical DST corrections in Switzerland, Cuba)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-2-11">
- <title>Release 8.2.11</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2008-11-03</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.2.10.
- For information about new features in the 8.2 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-2">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.2.11</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.2.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.2.7,
- see the release notes for 8.2.7. Also, if you were running a previous
- 8.2.X release, it is recommended to <command>REINDEX</> all GiST
- indexes after the upgrade.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix GiST index corruption due to marking the wrong index entry
- <quote>dead</> after a deletion (Teodor)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This would result in index searches failing to find rows they
- should have found. Corrupted indexes can be fixed with
- <command>REINDEX</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix backend crash when the client encoding cannot represent a localized
- error message (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- We have addressed similar issues before, but it would still fail if
- the <quote>character has no equivalent</> message itself couldn't
- be converted. The fix is to disable localization and send the plain
- ASCII error message when we detect such a situation.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible crash when deeply nested functions are invoked from
- a trigger (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve optimization of <replaceable>expression</> <literal>IN</>
- (<replaceable>expression-list</>) queries (Tom, per an idea from Robert
- Haas)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Cases in which there are query variables on the right-hand side had been
- handled less efficiently in 8.2.x and 8.3.x than in prior versions.
- The fix restores 8.1 behavior for such cases.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix mis-expansion of rule queries when a sub-<literal>SELECT</> appears
- in a function call in <literal>FROM</>, a multi-row <literal>VALUES</>
- list, or a <literal>RETURNING</> list (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The usual symptom of this problem is an <quote>unrecognized node type</>
- error.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix memory leak during rescan of a hashed aggregation plan (Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Ensure an error is reported when a newly-defined PL/pgSQL trigger
- function is invoked as a normal function (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent possible collision of <structfield>relfilenode</> numbers
- when moving a table to another tablespace with <command>ALTER SET
- TABLESPACE</> (Heikki)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The command tried to re-use the existing filename, instead of
- picking one that is known unused in the destination directory.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix incorrect tsearch2 headline generation when single query
- item matches first word of text (Sushant Sinha)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix improper display of fractional seconds in interval values when
- using a non-ISO datestyle in an <option>--enable-integer-datetimes</>
- build (Ron Mayer)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Ensure <function>SPI_getvalue</> and <function>SPI_getbinval</>
- behave correctly when the passed tuple and tuple descriptor have
- different numbers of columns (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This situation is normal when a table has had columns added or removed,
- but these two functions didn't handle it properly.
- The only likely consequence is an incorrect error indication.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>ecpg</>'s parsing of <command>CREATE ROLE</> (Michael)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix recent breakage of <literal>pg_ctl restart</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Ensure <filename>pg_control</> is opened in binary mode
- (Itagaki Takahiro)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- <application>pg_controldata</> and <application>pg_resetxlog</>
- did this incorrectly, and so could fail on Windows.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update time zone data files to <application>tzdata</> release 2008i (for
- DST law changes in Argentina, Brazil, Mauritius, Syria)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-2-10">
- <title>Release 8.2.10</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2008-09-22</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.2.9.
- For information about new features in the 8.2 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-2">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.2.10</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.2.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.2.7,
- see the release notes for 8.2.7.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix bug in btree WAL recovery code (Heikki)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Recovery failed if the WAL ended partway through a page split operation.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix potential miscalculation of <structfield>datfrozenxid</> (Alvaro)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This error may explain some recent reports of failure to remove old
- <structname>pg_clog</> data.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Widen local lock counters from 32 to 64 bits (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This responds to reports that the counters could overflow in
- sufficiently long transactions, leading to unexpected <quote>lock is
- already held</> errors.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible duplicate output of tuples during a GiST index scan (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix missed permissions checks when a view contains a simple
- <literal>UNION ALL</> construct (Heikki)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Permissions for the referenced tables were checked properly, but not
- permissions for the view itself.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add checks in executor startup to ensure that the tuples produced by an
- <command>INSERT</> or <command>UPDATE</> will match the target table's
- current rowtype (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- <command>ALTER COLUMN TYPE</>, followed by re-use of a previously
- cached plan, could produce this type of situation. The check protects
- against data corruption and/or crashes that could ensue.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible repeated drops during <command>DROP OWNED</> (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This would typically result in strange errors such as <quote>cache
- lookup failed for relation NNN</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <literal>AT TIME ZONE</> to first try to interpret its timezone
- argument as a timezone abbreviation, and only try it as a full timezone
- name if that fails, rather than the other way around as formerly (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The timestamp input functions have always resolved ambiguous zone names
- in this order. Making <literal>AT TIME ZONE</> do so as well improves
- consistency, and fixes a compatibility bug introduced in 8.1:
- in ambiguous cases we now behave the same as 8.0 and before did,
- since in the older versions <literal>AT TIME ZONE</> accepted
- <emphasis>only</> abbreviations.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix datetime input functions to correctly detect integer overflow when
- running on a 64-bit platform (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent integer overflows during units conversion when displaying a
- configuration parameter that has units (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve performance of writing very long log messages to syslog (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow spaces in the suffix part of an LDAP URL in
- <filename>pg_hba.conf</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix bug in backwards scanning of a cursor on a <literal>SELECT DISTINCT
- ON</> query (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix planner bug with nested sub-select expressions (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- If the outer sub-select has no direct dependency on the parent query,
- but the inner one does, the outer value might not get recalculated
- for new parent query rows.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix planner to estimate that <literal>GROUP BY</> expressions yielding
- boolean results always result in two groups, regardless of the
- expressions' contents (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is very substantially more accurate than the regular <literal>GROUP
- BY</> estimate for certain boolean tests like <replaceable>col</>
- <literal>IS NULL</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix PL/PgSQL to not fail when a <literal>FOR</> loop's target variable
- is a record containing composite-type fields (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix PL/Tcl to behave correctly with Tcl 8.5, and to be more careful
- about the encoding of data sent to or from Tcl (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- On Windows, work around a Microsoft bug by preventing
- <application>libpq</> from trying to send more than 64kB per system call
- (Magnus)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve <application>pg_dump</> and <application>pg_restore</>'s
- error reporting after failure to send a SQL command (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>pg_ctl</> to properly preserve postmaster
- command-line arguments across a <literal>restart</> (Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update time zone data files to <application>tzdata</> release 2008f (for
- DST law changes in Argentina, Bahamas, Brazil, Mauritius, Morocco,
- Pakistan, Palestine, and Paraguay)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-2-9">
- <title>Release 8.2.9</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2008-06-12</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains one serious and one minor bug fix over 8.2.8.
- For information about new features in the 8.2 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-2">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.2.9</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.2.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.2.7,
- see the release notes for 8.2.7.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <function>pg_get_ruledef()</> parenthesize negative constants (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Before this fix, a negative constant in a view or rule might be dumped
- as, say, <literal>-42::integer</>, which is subtly incorrect: it should
- be <literal>(-42)::integer</> due to operator precedence rules.
- Usually this would make little difference, but it could interact with
- another recent patch to cause
- <productname>PostgreSQL</> to reject what had been a valid
- <command>SELECT DISTINCT</> view query. Since this could result in
- <application>pg_dump</> output failing to reload, it is being treated
- as a high-priority fix. The only released versions in which dump
- output is actually incorrect are 8.3.1 and 8.2.7.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <command>ALTER AGGREGATE ... OWNER TO</> update
- <structname>pg_shdepend</> (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This oversight could lead to problems if the aggregate was later
- involved in a <command>DROP OWNED</> or <command>REASSIGN OWNED</>
- operation.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-2-8">
- <title>Release 8.2.8</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>never released</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.2.7.
- For information about new features in the 8.2 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-2">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.2.8</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.2.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.2.7,
- see the release notes for 8.2.7.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <literal>ERRORDATA_STACK_SIZE exceeded</literal> crash that
- occurred on Windows when using UTF-8 database encoding and a different
- client encoding (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <command>ALTER TABLE ADD COLUMN ... PRIMARY KEY</> so that the new
- column is correctly checked to see if it's been initialized to all
- non-nulls (Brendan Jurd)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Previous versions neglected to check this requirement at all.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible <command>CREATE TABLE</> failure when inheriting the
- <quote>same</> constraint from multiple parent relations that
- inherited that constraint from a common ancestor (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <function>pg_get_ruledef()</> to show the alias, if any, attached
- to the target table of an <command>UPDATE</> or <command>DELETE</>
- (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix GIN bug that could result in a <literal>too many LWLocks
- taken</literal> failure (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Avoid possible crash when decompressing corrupted data
- (Zdenek Kotala)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Repair two places where SIGTERM exit of a backend could leave corrupted
- state in shared memory (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Neither case is very important if SIGTERM is used to shut down the
- whole database cluster together, but there was a problem if someone
- tried to SIGTERM individual backends.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix conversions between ISO-8859-5 and other encodings to handle
- Cyrillic <quote>Yo</> characters (<literal>e</> and <literal>E</> with
- two dots) (Sergey Burladyan)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix several datatype input functions, notably <function>array_in()</>,
- that were allowing unused bytes in their results to contain
- uninitialized, unpredictable values (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This could lead to failures in which two apparently identical literal
- values were not seen as equal, resulting in the parser complaining
- about unmatched <literal>ORDER BY</> and <literal>DISTINCT</>
- expressions.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix a corner case in regular-expression substring matching
- (<literal>substring(<replaceable>string</> from
- <replaceable>pattern</>)</literal>) (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The problem occurs when there is a match to the pattern overall but
- the user has specified a parenthesized subexpression and that
- subexpression hasn't got a match. An example is
- <literal>substring('foo' from 'foo(bar)?')</>.
- This should return NULL, since <literal>(bar)</> isn't matched, but
- it was mistakenly returning the whole-pattern match instead (ie,
- <literal>foo</>).
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update time zone data files to <application>tzdata</> release 2008c (for
- DST law changes in Morocco, Iraq, Choibalsan, Pakistan, Syria, Cuba, and
- Argentina/San_Luis)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix incorrect result from <application>ecpg</>'s
- <function>PGTYPEStimestamp_sub()</> function (Michael)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix broken GiST comparison function for <filename>contrib/tsearch2</>'s
- <type>tsquery</> type (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible crashes in <filename>contrib/cube</> functions (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix core dump in <filename>contrib/xml2</>'s
- <function>xpath_table()</> function when the input query returns a
- NULL value (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <filename>contrib/xml2</>'s makefile to not override
- <literal>CFLAGS</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <literal>DatumGetBool</> macro to not fail with <application>gcc</>
- 4.3 (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This problem affects <quote>old style</> (V0) C functions that
- return boolean. The fix is already in 8.3, but the need to
- back-patch it was not realized at the time.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-2-7">
- <title>Release 8.2.7</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2008-03-17</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.2.6.
- For information about new features in the 8.2 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-2">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.2.7</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.2.X.
- However, you might need to <command>REINDEX</> indexes on textual
- columns after updating, if you are affected by the Windows locale
- issue described below.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix character string comparison for Windows locales that consider
- different character combinations as equal (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This fix applies only on Windows and only when using UTF-8
- database encoding. The same fix was made for all other cases
- over two years ago, but Windows with UTF-8 uses a separate code
- path that was not updated. If you are using a locale that
- considers some non-identical strings as equal, you may need to
- <command>REINDEX</> to fix existing indexes on textual columns.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Repair potential deadlock between concurrent <command>VACUUM FULL</>
- operations on different system catalogs (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix longstanding <command>LISTEN</>/<command>NOTIFY</>
- race condition (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- In rare cases a session that had just executed a
- <command>LISTEN</> might not get a notification, even though
- one would be expected because the concurrent transaction executing
- <command>NOTIFY</> was observed to commit later.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- A side effect of the fix is that a transaction that has executed
- a not-yet-committed <command>LISTEN</> command will not see any
- row in <structname>pg_listener</> for the <command>LISTEN</>,
- should it choose to look; formerly it would have. This behavior
- was never documented one way or the other, but it is possible that
- some applications depend on the old behavior.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Disallow <command>LISTEN</> and <command>UNLISTEN</> within a
- prepared transaction (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This was formerly allowed but trying to do it had various unpleasant
- consequences, notably that the originating backend could not exit
- as long as an <command>UNLISTEN</> remained uncommitted.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Disallow dropping a temporary table within a
- prepared transaction (Heikki)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This was correctly disallowed by 8.1, but the check was inadvertently
- broken in 8.2.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix rare crash when an error occurs during a query using a hash index
- (Heikki)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix memory leaks in certain usages of set-returning functions (Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix input of datetime values for February 29 in years BC (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The former coding was mistaken about which years were leap years.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <quote>unrecognized node type</> error in some variants of
- <command>ALTER OWNER</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Ensure <structname>pg_stat_activity</>.<structfield>waiting</> flag
- is cleared when a lock wait is aborted (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix handling of process permissions on Windows Vista (Dave, Magnus)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- In particular, this fix allows starting the server as the Administrator
- user.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update time zone data files to <application>tzdata</> release 2008a
- (in particular, recent Chile changes); adjust timezone abbreviation
- <literal>VET</> (Venezuela) to mean UTC-4:30, not UTC-4:00 (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>pg_ctl</> to correctly extract the postmaster's port
- number from command-line options (Itagaki Takahiro, Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Previously, <literal>pg_ctl start -w</> could try to contact the
- postmaster on the wrong port, leading to bogus reports of startup
- failure.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Use <option>-fwrapv</> to defend against possible misoptimization
- in recent <application>gcc</> versions (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is known to be necessary when building <productname>PostgreSQL</>
- with <application>gcc</> 4.3 or later.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Correctly enforce <varname>statement_timeout</> values longer
- than <literal>INT_MAX</> microseconds (about 35 minutes) (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This bug affects only builds with <option>--enable-integer-datetimes</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <quote>unexpected PARAM_SUBLINK ID</> planner error when
- constant-folding simplifies a sub-select (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix logical errors in constraint-exclusion handling of <literal>IS
- NULL</> and <literal>NOT</> expressions (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The planner would sometimes exclude partitions that should not
- have been excluded because of the possibility of NULL results.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix another cause of <quote>failed to build any N-way joins</>
- planner errors (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This could happen in cases where a clauseless join needed to be
- forced before a join clause could be exploited.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix incorrect constant propagation in outer-join planning (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The planner could sometimes incorrectly conclude that a variable
- could be constrained to be equal to a constant, leading
- to wrong query results.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix display of constant expressions in <literal>ORDER BY</>
- and <literal>GROUP BY</> (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- An explictly casted constant would be shown incorrectly. This could
- for example lead to corruption of a view definition during
- dump and reload.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>libpq</> to handle NOTICE messages correctly
- during COPY OUT (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This failure has only been observed to occur when a user-defined
- datatype's output routine issues a NOTICE, but there is no
- guarantee it couldn't happen due to other causes.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-2-6">
- <title>Release 8.2.6</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2008-01-07</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.2.5,
- including fixes for significant security issues.
- For information about new features in the 8.2 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-2">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.2.6</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.2.X.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent functions in indexes from executing with the privileges of
- the user running <command>VACUUM</>, <command>ANALYZE</>, etc (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Functions used in index expressions and partial-index
- predicates are evaluated whenever a new table entry is made. It has
- long been understood that this poses a risk of trojan-horse code
- execution if one modifies a table owned by an untrustworthy user.
- (Note that triggers, defaults, check constraints, etc. pose the
- same type of risk.) But functions in indexes pose extra danger
- because they will be executed by routine maintenance operations
- such as <command>VACUUM FULL</>, which are commonly performed
- automatically under a superuser account. For example, a nefarious user
- can execute code with superuser privileges by setting up a
- trojan-horse index definition and waiting for the next routine vacuum.
- The fix arranges for standard maintenance operations
- (including <command>VACUUM</>, <command>ANALYZE</>, <command>REINDEX</>,
- and <command>CLUSTER</>) to execute as the table owner rather than
- the calling user, using the same privilege-switching mechanism already
- used for <literal>SECURITY DEFINER</> functions. To prevent bypassing
- this security measure, execution of <command>SET SESSION
- AUTHORIZATION</> and <command>SET ROLE</> is now forbidden within a
- <literal>SECURITY DEFINER</> context. (CVE-2007-6600)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Repair assorted bugs in the regular-expression package (Tom, Will Drewry)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Suitably crafted regular-expression patterns could cause crashes,
- infinite or near-infinite looping, and/or massive memory consumption,
- all of which pose denial-of-service hazards for applications that
- accept regex search patterns from untrustworthy sources.
- (CVE-2007-4769, CVE-2007-4772, CVE-2007-6067)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Require non-superusers who use <filename>/contrib/dblink</> to use only
- password authentication, as a security measure (Joe)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The fix that appeared for this in 8.2.5 was incomplete, as it plugged
- the hole for only some <filename>dblink</> functions. (CVE-2007-6601,
- CVE-2007-3278)
- </para>
- </listitem>
+<!--
+ To add a new major-release series, add an entry here and in filelist.sgml.
+ Follow the naming convention, or you'll confuse generate_history.pl.
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix bugs in WAL replay for GIN indexes (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix GIN index build to work properly when
- <varname>maintenance_work_mem</> is 4GB or more (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update time zone data files to <application>tzdata</> release 2007k
- (in particular, recent Argentina changes) (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve planner's handling of LIKE/regex estimation in non-C locales
- (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix planning-speed problem for deep outer-join nests, as well as
- possible poor choice of join order (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix planner failure in some cases of <literal>WHERE false AND var IN
- (SELECT ...)</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <command>CREATE TABLE ... SERIAL</> and
- <command>ALTER SEQUENCE ... OWNED BY</> not change the
- <function>currval()</> state of the sequence (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Preserve the tablespace and storage parameters of indexes that are
- rebuilt by <command>ALTER TABLE ... ALTER COLUMN TYPE</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make archive recovery always start a new WAL timeline, rather than only
- when a recovery stop time was used (Simon)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This avoids a corner-case risk of trying to overwrite an existing
- archived copy of the last WAL segment, and seems simpler and cleaner
- than the original definition.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <command>VACUUM</> not use all of <varname>maintenance_work_mem</>
- when the table is too small for it to be useful (Alvaro)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix potential crash in <function>translate()</> when using a multibyte
- database encoding (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <function>corr()</> return the correct result for negative
- correlation values (Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix overflow in <literal>extract(epoch from interval)</> for intervals
- exceeding 68 years (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix PL/Perl to not fail when a UTF-8 regular expression is used
- in a trusted function (Andrew)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix PL/Perl to cope when platform's Perl defines type <literal>bool</>
- as <literal>int</> rather than <literal>char</> (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- While this could theoretically happen anywhere, no standard build of
- Perl did things this way ... until <productname>Mac OS X</> 10.5.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix PL/Python to work correctly with Python 2.5 on 64-bit machines
- (Marko Kreen)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix PL/Python to not crash on long exception messages (Alvaro)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>pg_dump</> to correctly handle inheritance child tables
- that have default expressions different from their parent's (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>libpq</> crash when <varname>PGPASSFILE</> refers
- to a file that is not a plain file (Martin Pitt)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <application>ecpg</> parser fixes (Michael)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <filename>contrib/pgcrypto</> defend against
- <application>OpenSSL</> libraries that fail on keys longer than 128
- bits; which is the case at least on some Solaris versions (Marko Kreen)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <filename>contrib/tablefunc</>'s <function>crosstab()</> handle
- NULL rowid as a category in its own right, rather than crashing (Joe)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <type>tsvector</> and <type>tsquery</> output routines to
- escape backslashes correctly (Teodor, Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix crash of <function>to_tsvector()</> on huge input strings (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Require a specific version of <productname>Autoconf</> to be used
- when re-generating the <command>configure</> script (Peter)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This affects developers and packagers only. The change was made
- to prevent accidental use of untested combinations of
- <productname>Autoconf</> and <productname>PostgreSQL</> versions.
- You can remove the version check if you really want to use a
- different <productname>Autoconf</> version, but it's
- your responsibility whether the result works or not.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update <function>gettimeofday</> configuration check so that
- <productname>PostgreSQL</> can be built on newer versions of
- <productname>MinGW</> (Magnus)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-2-5">
- <title>Release 8.2.5</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2007-09-17</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.2.4.
- For information about new features in the 8.2 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-2">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.2.5</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.2.X.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent index corruption when a transaction inserts rows and
- then aborts close to the end of a concurrent <command>VACUUM</>
- on the same table (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <literal>ALTER DOMAIN ADD CONSTRAINT</> for cases involving
- domains over domains (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <command>CREATE DOMAIN ... DEFAULT NULL</> work properly (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix some planner problems with outer joins, notably poor
- size estimation for <literal>t1 LEFT JOIN t2 WHERE t2.col IS NULL</>
- (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow the <type>interval</> data type to accept input consisting only of
- milliseconds or microseconds (Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow timezone name to appear before the year in <type>timestamp</> input (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fixes for <acronym>GIN</> indexes used by <filename>/contrib/tsearch2</> (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Speed up rtree index insertion (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix excessive logging of <acronym>SSL</> error messages (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix logging so that log messages are never interleaved when using
- the syslogger process (Andrew)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix crash when <varname>log_min_error_statement</> logging runs out
- of memory (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix incorrect handling of some foreign-key corner cases (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <function>stddev_pop(numeric)</> and <function>var_pop(numeric)</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent <command>REINDEX</> and <command>CLUSTER</> from failing
- due to attempting to process temporary tables of other sessions (Alvaro)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update the time zone database rules, particularly New Zealand's upcoming changes (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Windows socket and semaphore improvements (Magnus)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <command>pg_ctl -w</> work properly in Windows service mode (Dave Page)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix memory allocation bug when using <application>MIT Kerberos</> on Windows (Magnus)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Suppress timezone name (<literal>%Z</>) in log timestamps on Windows
- because of possible encoding mismatches (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Require non-superusers who use <filename>/contrib/dblink</> to use only
- password authentication, as a security measure (Joe)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Restrict <filename>/contrib/pgstattuple</> functions to superusers, for security reasons (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Do not let <filename>/contrib/intarray</> try to make its GIN opclass
- the default (this caused problems at dump/restore) (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-2-4">
- <title>Release 8.2.4</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2007-04-23</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.2.3,
- including a security fix.
- For information about new features in the 8.2 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-2">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.2.4</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.2.X.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Support explicit placement of the temporary-table schema within
- <varname>search_path</>, and disable searching it for functions
- and operators (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is needed to allow a security-definer function to set a
- truly secure value of <varname>search_path</>. Without it,
- an unprivileged SQL user can use temporary objects to execute code
- with the privileges of the security-definer function (CVE-2007-2138).
- See <command>CREATE FUNCTION</> for more information.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <varname>shared_preload_libraries</> for Windows
- by forcing reload in each backend (Korry Douglas)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <function>to_char()</> so it properly upper/lower cases localized day or month
- names (Pavel Stehule)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <filename>/contrib/tsearch2</> crash fixes (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Require <command>COMMIT PREPARED</> to be executed in the same
- database as the transaction was prepared in (Heikki)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <command>pg_dump</> to do binary backups larger than two gigabytes
- on Windows (Magnus)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- New traditional (Taiwan) Chinese <acronym>FAQ</> (Zhou Daojing)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent the statistics collector from writing to disk too frequently (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix potential-data-corruption bug in how <command>VACUUM FULL</> handles
- <command>UPDATE</> chains (Tom, Pavan Deolasee)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix bug in domains that use array types (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <command>pg_dump</> so it can dump a serial column's sequence
- using <option>-t</> when not also dumping the owning table
- (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Planner fixes, including improving outer join and bitmap scan
- selection logic (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible wrong answers or crash when a PL/pgSQL function tries
- to <literal>RETURN</> from within an <literal>EXCEPTION</> block
- (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix PANIC during enlargement of a hash index (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix POSIX-style timezone specs to follow new USA DST rules (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-2-3">
- <title>Release 8.2.3</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2007-02-07</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains two fixes from 8.2.2.
- For information about new features in the 8.2 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-2">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.2.3</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.2.X.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove overly-restrictive check for type length in constraints and
- functional indexes(Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix optimization so MIN/MAX in subqueries can again use indexes (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-2-2">
- <title>Release 8.2.2</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2007-02-05</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.2.1, including
- a security fix.
- For information about new features in the 8.2 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-2">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.2.2</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.2.X.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove security vulnerabilities that allowed connected users
- to read backend memory (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The vulnerabilities involve suppressing the normal check that a SQL
- function returns the data type it's declared to, and changing the
- data type of a table column (CVE-2007-0555, CVE-2007-0556). These
- errors can easily be exploited to cause a backend crash, and in
- principle might be used to read database content that the user
- should not be able to access.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix not-so-rare-anymore bug wherein btree index page splits could fail
- due to choosing an infeasible split point (Heikki Linnakangas)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix Borland C compile scripts (L Bayuk)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Properly handle <function>to_char('CC')</> for years ending in
- <literal>00</> (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Year 2000 is in the twentieth century, not the twenty-first.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <filename>/contrib/tsearch2</> localization improvements (Tatsuo, Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix incorrect permission check in
- <literal>information_schema.key_column_usage</> view (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The symptom is <quote>relation with OID nnnnn does not exist</> errors.
- To get this fix without using <command>initdb</>, use <command>CREATE OR
- REPLACE VIEW</> to install the corrected definition found in
- <filename>share/information_schema.sql</>. Note you will need to do
- this in each database.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve <command>VACUUM</> performance for databases with many tables (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix for rare Assert() crash triggered by <literal>UNION</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix potentially incorrect results from index searches using
- <literal>ROW</> inequality conditions (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Tighten security of multi-byte character processing for UTF8 sequences
- over three bytes long (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix bogus <quote>permission denied</> failures occurring on Windows
- due to attempts to fsync already-deleted files (Magnus, Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix bug that could cause the statistics collector
- to hang on Windows (Magnus)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This would in turn lead to autovacuum not working.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible crashes when an already-in-use PL/pgSQL function is
- updated (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve PL/pgSQL handling of domain types (Sergiy Vyshnevetskiy, Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible errors in processing PL/pgSQL exception blocks (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-2-1">
- <title>Release 8.2.1</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2007-01-08</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.2.
- For information about new features in the 8.2 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-2">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.2.1</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.2.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix crash with <literal>SELECT</> ... <literal>LIMIT ALL</> (also
- <literal>LIMIT NULL</>) (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <filename>Several /contrib/tsearch2</> fixes (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- On Windows, make log messages coming from the operating system use
- <acronym>ASCII</> encoding (Hiroshi Saito)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This fixes a conversion problem when there is a mismatch between
- the encoding of the operating system and database server.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix Windows linking of <application>pg_dump</> using
- <filename>win32.mak</>
- (Hiroshi Saito)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix planner mistakes for outer join queries (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix several problems in queries involving sub-SELECTs (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix potential crash in SPI during subtransaction abort (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This affects all PL functions since they all use SPI.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve build speed of <acronym>PDF</> documentation (Peter)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Re-add <acronym>JST</> (Japan) timezone abbreviation (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve optimization decisions related to index scans (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Have <application>psql</> print multi-byte combining characters as
- before, rather than output as <literal>\u</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve index usage of regular expressions that use parentheses (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This improves <application>psql</> <literal>\d</> performance also.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <application>pg_dumpall</> assume that databases have public
- <literal>CONNECT</> privilege, when dumping from a pre-8.2 server (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This preserves the previous behavior that anyone can connect to a
- database if allowed by <filename>pg_hba.conf</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-2">
- <title>Release 8.2</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2006-12-05</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Overview</title>
-
- <para>
- This release adds many functionality and performance improvements that
- were requested by users, including:
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Query language enhancements including <command>INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE
- RETURNING</command>, multirow <literal>VALUES</literal> lists, and
- optional target-table alias in
- <command>UPDATE</>/<command>DELETE</command>
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Index creation without blocking concurrent
- <command>INSERT</>/<command>UPDATE</>/<command>DELETE</>
- operations
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Many query optimization improvements, including support for
- reordering outer joins
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improved sorting performance with lower memory usage
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- More efficient locking with better concurrency
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- More efficient vacuuming
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Easier administration of warm standby servers
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- New <literal>FILLFACTOR</literal> support for tables and indexes
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Monitoring, logging, and performance tuning additions
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- More control over creating and dropping objects
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Table inheritance relationships can be defined
- for and removed from pre-existing tables
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <command>COPY TO</command> can copy the output of an arbitrary
- <command>SELECT</command> statement
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Array improvements, including nulls in arrays
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Aggregate-function improvements, including multiple-input
- aggregates and SQL:2003 statistical functions
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Many <filename>contrib/</filename> improvements
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.2</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore using <application>pg_dump</application> is
- required for those wishing to migrate data from any previous
- release.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Observe the following incompatibilities:
- </para>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Set <link
- linkend="guc-escape-string-warning"><varname>escape_string_warning</></link>
- to <literal>on</> by default (Bruce)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This issues a warning if backslash escapes are used in
- <link linkend="sql-syntax-strings">non-escape (non-<literal>E''</>)
- strings</link>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Change the <link linkend="sql-syntax-row-constructors">row
- constructor syntax</link> (<literal>ROW(...)</>) so that
- list elements <literal>foo.*</> will be expanded to a list
- of their member fields, rather than creating a nested
- row type field as formerly (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The new behavior is substantially more useful since it
- allows, for example, triggers to check for data changes
- with <literal>IF row(new.*) IS DISTINCT FROM row(old.*)</>.
- The old behavior is still available by omitting <literal>.*</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <link linkend="row-wise-comparison">row comparisons</link>
- follow <acronym>SQL</> standard semantics and allow them
- to be used in index scans (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Previously, row = and <> comparisons followed the
- standard but < <= > >= did not. A row comparison
- can now be used as an index constraint for a multicolumn
- index matching the row value.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <link linkend="functions-comparison">row <literal>IS <optional>NOT</> NULL</literal></link>
- tests follow <acronym>SQL</> standard semantics (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The former behavior conformed to the standard for simple cases
- with <literal>IS NULL</>, but <literal>IS NOT NULL</> would return
- true if any row field was non-null, whereas the standard says it
- should return true only when all fields are non-null.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <link linkend="SQL-SET-CONSTRAINTS"><command>SET
- CONSTRAINT</></link> affect only one constraint (Kris Jurka)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- In previous releases, <command>SET CONSTRAINT</> modified
- all constraints with a matching name. In this release,
- the schema search path is used to modify only the first
- matching constraint. A schema specification is also
- supported. This more nearly conforms to the SQL standard.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove <literal>RULE</> permission for tables, for security reasons
- (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- As of this release, only a table's owner can create or modify
- rules for the table. For backwards compatibility,
- <command>GRANT</>/<command>REVOKE RULE</> is still accepted,
- but it does nothing.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Array comparison improvements (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Now array dimensions are also compared.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Change <link linkend="functions-array">array concatenation</link>
- to match documented behavior (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This changes the previous behavior where concatenation
- would modify the array lower bound.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make command-line options of <application>postmaster</>
- and <link linkend="app-postgres"><application>postgres</></link>
- identical (Peter)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows the postmaster to pass arguments to each backend
- without using <literal>-o</>. Note that some options are now
- only available as long-form options, because there were conflicting
- single-letter options.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Deprecate use of <application>postmaster</> symbolic link (Peter)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- <application>postmaster</> and <application>postgres</>
- commands now act identically, with the behavior determined
- by command-line options. The <application>postmaster</> symbolic link is
- kept for compatibility, but is not really needed.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Change <link
- linkend="guc-log-duration"><varname>log_duration</></link>
- to output even if the query is not output (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- In prior releases, <varname>log_duration</> only printed if
- the query appeared earlier in the log.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <link
- linkend="functions-formatting"><function>to_char(time)</></link>
- and <link
- linkend="functions-formatting"><function>to_char(interval)</></link>
- treat <literal>HH</> and <literal>HH12</> as 12-hour
- intervals
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Most applications should use <literal>HH24</> unless they
- want a 12-hour display.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Zero unmasked bits in conversion from <link
- linkend="datatype-inet"><type>INET</></link> to <link
- linkend="datatype-inet"><type>CIDR</></link> (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This ensures that the converted value is actually valid for
- <type>CIDR</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove <varname>australian_timezones</> configuration variable
- (Joachim Wieland)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This variable has been superseded by a more general facility
- for configuring timezone abbreviations.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve cost estimation for nested-loop index scans (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This might eliminate the need to set unrealistically small
- values of <link
- linkend="guc-random-page-cost"><varname>random_page_cost</></link>.
- If you have been using a very small <varname>random_page_cost</>,
- please recheck your test cases.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Change behavior of <command>pg_dump</> <literal>-n</> and
- <literal>-t</> options. (Greg Sabino Mullane)
- </para>
- <para>
- See the <command>pg_dump</> manual page for details.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Change <link linkend="libpq"><application>libpq</></link>
- <function>PQdsplen()</> to return a useful value (Martijn
- van Oosterhout)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Declare <link linkend="libpq"><application>libpq</></link>
- <function>PQgetssl()</> as returning <literal>void *</>,
- rather than <literal>SSL *</> (Martijn van Oosterhout)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows applications to use the function without including
- the OpenSSL headers.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- C-language loadable modules must now include a
- <link linkend="xfunc-c-dynload"><literal>PG_MODULE_MAGIC</></link>
- macro call for version compatibility checking
- (Martijn van Oosterhout)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- For security's sake, modules used by a PL/PerlU function are no
- longer available to PL/Perl functions (Andrew)
- </para>
- <note>
- <para>
- This also implies that data can no longer be shared between a PL/Perl
- function and a PL/PerlU function.
- Some Perl installations have not been compiled with the correct flags
- to allow multiple interpreters to exist within a single process.
- In this situation PL/Perl and PL/PerlU cannot both be used in a
- single backend. The solution is to get a Perl installation which
- supports multiple interpreters.
- </para>
- </note>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- In <filename>contrib/xml2/</>, rename <function>xml_valid()</> to
- <function>xml_is_well_formed()</> (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- <function>xml_valid()</> will remain for backward compatibility,
- but its behavior will change to do schema checking in a future
- release.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove <filename>contrib/ora2pg/</>, now at <ulink
- url="http://www.samse.fr/GPL/ora2pg"></ulink>
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove contrib modules that have been migrated to PgFoundry:
- <filename>adddepend</>, <filename>dbase</>, <filename>dbmirror</>,
- <filename>fulltextindex</>, <filename>mac</>, <filename>userlock</>
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove abandoned contrib modules:
- <filename>mSQL-interface</>, <filename>tips</>
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove <acronym>QNX</> and <acronym>BEOS</> ports (Bruce)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- These ports no longer had active maintainers.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <para>
- Below you will find a detailed account of the
- changes between <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> 8.2 and
- the previous major release.
- </para>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Performance Improvements</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow the planner to reorder <link linkend="queries-join">outer
- joins</link> in some circumstances (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- In previous releases, outer joins would always be evaluated in
- the order written in the query. This change allows the
- query optimizer to consider reordering outer joins, in cases where
- it can determine that the join order can be changed without
- altering the meaning of the query. This can make a
- considerable performance difference for queries involving
- multiple outer joins or mixed inner and outer joins.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve efficiency of <link
- linkend="functions-comparisons"><literal>IN</>
- (list-of-expressions)</link> clauses (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve sorting speed and reduce memory usage (Simon, Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve subtransaction performance (Alvaro, Itagaki Takahiro,
- Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <literal>FILLFACTOR</> to <link
- linkend="SQL-CREATETABLE">table</link> and <link
- linkend="SQL-CREATEINDEX">index</link> creation (ITAGAKI
- Takahiro)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This leaves extra free space in each table or index page,
- allowing improved performance as the database grows. This
- is particularly valuable to maintain clustering.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Increase default values for <link
- linkend="guc-shared-buffers"><varname>shared_buffers</></link>
- and <varname>max_fsm_pages</>
- (Andrew)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve locking performance by breaking the lock manager tables into
- sections
- (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows locking to be more fine-grained, reducing
- contention.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Reduce locking requirements of sequential scans (Qingqing
- Zhou)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Reduce locking required for database creation and destruction
- (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve the optimizer's selectivity estimates for <link
- linkend="functions-like"><literal>LIKE</></link>, <link
- linkend="functions-like"><literal>ILIKE</></link>, and
- <link linkend="functions-posix-regexp">regular expression</link>
- operations (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve planning of joins to <link linkend="ddl-inherit">inherited
- tables</link> and <link linkend="queries-union"><literal>UNION
- ALL</></link> views (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <link linkend="guc-constraint-exclusion">constraint
- exclusion</link> to be applied to <link
- linkend="ddl-inherit">inherited</link> <command>UPDATE</> and
- <command>DELETE</> queries (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- <command>SELECT</> already honored constraint exclusion.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve planning of constant <literal>WHERE</> clauses, such as
- a condition that depends only on variables inherited from an
- outer query level (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Protocol-level unnamed prepared statements are re-planned
- for each set of <literal>BIND</> values (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This improves performance because the exact parameter values
- can be used in the plan.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Speed up vacuuming of B-Tree indexes (Heikki Linnakangas,
- Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Avoid extra scan of tables without indexes during <link
- linkend="SQL-VACUUM"><command>VACUUM</></link> (Greg Stark)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve multicolumn <link linkend="GiST"><acronym>GiST</></link>
- indexing (Oleg, Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove dead index entries before B-Tree page split (Junji
- Teramoto)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Server Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow a forced switch to a new transaction log file (Simon, Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is valuable for keeping warm standby slave servers
- in sync with the master. Transaction log file switching now also happens
- automatically during <link
- linkend="functions-admin"><function>pg_stop_backup()</></link>.
- This ensures that all
- transaction log files needed for recovery can be archived immediately.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <acronym>WAL</> informational functions (Simon)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Add functions for interrogating the current transaction log insertion
- point and determining <acronym>WAL</> filenames from the
- hex <acronym>WAL</> locations displayed by <link
- linkend="functions-admin"><function>pg_stop_backup()</></link>
- and related functions.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve recovery from a crash during <acronym>WAL</> replay (Simon)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The server now does periodic checkpoints during <acronym>WAL</>
- recovery, so if there is a crash, future <acronym>WAL</>
- recovery is shortened. This also eliminates the need for
- warm standby servers to replay the entire log since the
- base backup if they crash.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve reliability of long-term <acronym>WAL</> replay
- (Heikki, Simon, Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Formerly, trying to roll forward through more than 2 billion
- transactions would not work due to XID wraparound. This meant
- warm standby servers had to be reloaded
- from fresh base backups periodically.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <link
- linkend="guc-archive-timeout"><varname>archive_timeout</></link>
- to force transaction log file switches at a given interval (Simon)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This enforces a maximum replication delay for warm standby servers.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add native <link linkend="auth-ldap"><acronym>LDAP</></link>
- authentication (Magnus Hagander)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is particularly useful for platforms that do not
- support <acronym>PAM</>, such as Windows.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <link linkend="sql-grant-description-objects"><literal>GRANT
- CONNECT ON DATABASE</></link> (Gevik Babakhani)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This gives SQL-level control over database access. It works as
- an additional filter on top of the existing
- <link linkend="auth-pg-hba-conf"><filename>pg_hba.conf</></link>
- controls.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add support for <link linkend="ssl-tcp"><acronym>SSL</>
- Certificate Revocation List</link> (<acronym>CRL</>) files
- (Libor Hohoš)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The server and <application>libpq</> both recognize <acronym>CRL</>
- files now.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <link linkend="GiST"><acronym>GiST</></link> indexes are
- now clusterable (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove routine autovacuum server log entries (Bruce)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- <link
- linkend="monitoring-stats-views-table"><literal>pg_stat_activity</></link>
- now shows autovacuum activity.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Track maximum XID age within individual tables, instead of whole databases (Alvaro)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This reduces the overhead involved in preventing transaction
- ID wraparound, by avoiding unnecessary VACUUMs.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add last vacuum and analyze timestamp columns to the stats
- collector (Larry Rosenman)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- These values now appear in the <link
- linkend="monitoring-stats-views-table"><literal>pg_stat_*_tables</></link>
- system views.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve performance of statistics monitoring, especially
- <varname>stats_command_string</>
- (Tom, Bruce)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This release enables <varname>stats_command_string</> by
- default, now that its overhead is minimal. This means
- <link
- linkend="monitoring-stats-views-table"><literal>pg_stat_activity</></link>
- will now show all active queries by default.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add a <literal>waiting</> column to <link
- linkend="monitoring-stats-views-table"><literal>pg_stat_activity</></link>
- (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows <structname>pg_stat_activity</> to show all the
- information included in the <application>ps</> display.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add configuration parameter <link
- linkend="guc-update-process-title"><varname>update_process_title</></link>
- to control whether the <application>ps</> display is updated
- for every command (Bruce)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- On platforms where it is expensive to update the <application>ps</>
- display, it might be worthwhile to turn this off and rely solely on
- <structname>pg_stat_activity</> for status information.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow units to be specified in configuration settings
- (Peter)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- For example, you can now set <link
- linkend="guc-shared-buffers"><varname>shared_buffers</></link>
- to <literal>32MB</> rather than mentally converting sizes.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add support for <link linkend="config-setting">include
- directives</link> in <filename>postgresql.conf</> (Joachim
- Wieland)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve logging of protocol-level prepare/bind/execute
- messages (Bruce, Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Such logging now shows statement names, bind parameter
- values, and the text of the query being executed. Also,
- the query text is properly included in logged error messages
- when enabled by <varname>log_min_error_statement</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent <link
- linkend="guc-max-stack-depth"><varname>max_stack_depth</></link>
- from being set to unsafe values
- </para>
-
- <para>
- On platforms where we can determine the actual kernel stack depth
- limit (which is most), make sure that the initial default value of
- <varname>max_stack_depth</> is safe, and reject attempts to set it
- to unsafely large values.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Enable highlighting of error location in query in more
- cases (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The server is now able to report a specific error location for
- some semantic errors (such as unrecognized column name), rather
- than just for basic syntax errors as before.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <quote>failed to re-find parent key</> errors in
- <command>VACUUM</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Clean out <filename>pg_internal.init</> cache files during server
- restart (Simon)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This avoids a hazard that the cache files might contain stale
- data after PITR recovery.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix race condition for truncation of a large relation across a
- gigabyte boundary by <command>VACUUM</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix bug causing needless deadlock errors on row-level locks (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix bugs affecting multi-gigabyte hash indexes (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Each backend process is now its own process group leader (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows query cancel to abort subprocesses invoked from a
- backend or archive/recovery process.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Query Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <link linkend="SQL-INSERT"><command>INSERT</></link>/<link
- linkend="SQL-UPDATE"><command>UPDATE</></link>/<link
- linkend="SQL-DELETE"><command>DELETE</></link>
- <literal>RETURNING</> (Jonah Harris, Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows these commands to return values, such as the
- computed serial key for a new row. In the <command>UPDATE</>
- case, values from the updated version of the row are returned.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add support for multiple-row <link
- linkend="queries-values"><literal>VALUES</></link> clauses,
- per SQL standard (Joe, Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows <command>INSERT</> to insert multiple rows of
- constants, or queries to generate result sets using constants.
- For example, <literal>INSERT ... VALUES (...), (...),
- ....</>, and <literal>SELECT * FROM (VALUES (...), (...),
- ....) AS alias(f1, ...)</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <link linkend="SQL-UPDATE"><command>UPDATE</></link>
- and <link linkend="SQL-DELETE"><command>DELETE</></link>
- to use an alias for the target table (Atsushi Ogawa)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The SQL standard does not permit an alias in these commands, but
- many database systems allow one anyway for notational convenience.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <link linkend="SQL-UPDATE"><command>UPDATE</></link>
- to set multiple columns with a list of values (Susanne
- Ebrecht)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is basically a short-hand for assigning the columns
- and values in pairs. The syntax is <literal>UPDATE tab
- SET (<replaceable>column</>, ...) = (<replaceable>val</>, ...)</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make row comparisons work per standard (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The forms <, <=, >, >= now compare rows lexicographically,
- that is, compare the first elements, if equal compare the second
- elements, and so on. Formerly they expanded to an AND condition
- across all the elements, which was neither standard nor very useful.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <link linkend="SQL-TRUNCATE"><literal>CASCADE</></link>
- option to <command>TRUNCATE</> (Joachim Wieland)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This causes <command>TRUNCATE</> to automatically include all tables
- that reference the specified table(s) via foreign keys. While
- convenient, this is a dangerous tool — use with caution!
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Support <literal>FOR UPDATE</> and <literal>FOR SHARE</>
- in the same <link linkend="SQL-INSERT"><literal>SELECT</></link>
- command (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <link linkend="functions-comparisons"><literal>IS NOT
- DISTINCT FROM</></link> (Pavel Stehule)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This operator is similar to equality (<literal>=</>), but
- evaluates to true when both left and right operands are
- <literal>NULL</>, and to false when just one is, rather than
- yielding <literal>NULL</> in these cases.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve the length output used by <link
- linkend="queries-union"><literal>UNION</></link>/<literal>INTERSECT</>/<literal>EXCEPT</>
- (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- When all corresponding columns are of the same defined length, that
- length is used for the result, rather than a generic length.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <link linkend="functions-like"><literal>ILIKE</></link>
- to work for multi-byte encodings (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Internally, <literal>ILIKE</> now calls <function>lower()</>
- and then uses <literal>LIKE</>. Locale-specific regular
- expression patterns still do not work in these encodings.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Enable <link
- linkend="guc-standard-conforming-strings"><varname>standard_conforming_strings</></link>
- to be turned <literal>on</> (Kevin Grittner)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows backslash escaping in strings to be disabled,
- making <productname>PostgreSQL</> more
- standards-compliant. The default is <literal>off</> for backwards
- compatibility, but future releases will default this to <literal>on</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Do not flatten subqueries that contain <literal>volatile</>
- functions in their target lists (Jaime Casanova)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This prevents surprising behavior due to multiple evaluation
- of a <literal>volatile</> function (such as <function>random()</>
- or <function>nextval()</>). It might cause performance
- degradation in the presence of functions that are unnecessarily
- marked as <literal>volatile</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add system views <link
- linkend="view-pg-prepared-statements"><literal>pg_prepared_statements</></link>
- and <link
- linkend="view-pg-cursors"><literal>pg_cursors</></link>
- to show prepared statements and open cursors (Joachim Wieland, Neil)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- These are very useful in pooled connection setups.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Support portal parameters in <link
- linkend="SQL-EXPLAIN"><command>EXPLAIN</></link> and <link
- linkend="SQL-EXECUTE"><command>EXECUTE</></link> (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows, for example, <acronym>JDBC</> <literal>?</> parameters to
- work in these commands.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- If <acronym>SQL</>-level <link
- linkend="SQL-PREPARE"><command>PREPARE</></link> parameters
- are unspecified, infer their types from the content of the
- query (Neil)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Protocol-level <command>PREPARE</> already did this.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <literal>LIMIT</> and <literal>OFFSET</> to exceed
- two billion (Dhanaraj M)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Object Manipulation Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <literal>TABLESPACE</> clause to <link
- linkend="SQL-CREATETABLEAS"><command>CREATE TABLE AS</></link>
- (Neil)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows a tablespace to be specified for the new table.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <literal>ON COMMIT</> clause to <link
- linkend="SQL-CREATETABLEAS"><command>CREATE TABLE AS</></link>
- (Neil)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows temporary tables to be truncated or dropped on
- transaction commit. The default behavior is for the table
- to remain until the session ends.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <literal>INCLUDING CONSTRAINTS</> to <link
- linkend="SQL-CREATETABLE"><command>CREATE TABLE LIKE</></link>
- (Greg Stark)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows easy copying of <literal>CHECK</> constraints to a new
- table.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow the creation of placeholder (shell) <link
- linkend="SQL-CREATETYPE">types</link> (Martijn van Oosterhout)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- A shell type declaration creates a type name, without specifying
- any of the details of the type. Making a shell type is useful
- because it allows cleaner declaration of the type's input/output
- functions, which must exist before the type can be defined <quote>for
- real</>. The syntax is <command>CREATE TYPE <replaceable
- class="parameter">typename</replaceable></>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <link linkend="SQL-CREATEAGGREGATE">Aggregate functions</link>
- now support multiple input parameters (Sergey Koposov, Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add new aggregate creation <link
- linkend="SQL-CREATEAGGREGATE">syntax</link> (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The new syntax is <command>CREATE AGGREGATE
- <replaceable>aggname</> (<replaceable>input_type</>)
- (<replaceable>parameter_list</>)</command>. This more
- naturally supports the new multi-parameter aggregate
- functionality. The previous syntax is still supported.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <link
- linkend="SQL-ALTERROLE"><command>ALTER ROLE PASSWORD NULL</></link>
- to remove a previously set role password (Peter)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <command>DROP</> object <literal>IF EXISTS</> for many
- object types (Andrew)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows <command>DROP</> operations on non-existent
- objects without generating an error.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <link linkend="SQL-DROP-OWNED"><literal>DROP OWNED</></link>
- to drop all objects owned by a role (Alvaro)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <link linkend="SQL-REASSIGN-OWNED"><literal>REASSIGN
- OWNED</></link> to reassign ownership of all objects owned
- by a role (Alvaro)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This, and <literal>DROP OWNED</> above, facilitate dropping
- roles.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <link linkend="SQL-GRANT"><command>GRANT ON SEQUENCE</></link>
- syntax (Bruce)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This was added for setting sequence-specific permissions.
- <literal>GRANT ON TABLE</> for sequences is still supported
- for backward compatibility.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <link linkend="SQL-GRANT"><literal>USAGE</></link>
- permission for sequences that allows only <function>currval()</>
- and <function>nextval()</>, not <function>setval()</>
- (Bruce)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- <literal>USAGE</> permission allows more fine-grained
- control over sequence access. Granting <literal>USAGE</>
- allows users to increment
- a sequence, but prevents them from setting the sequence to
- an arbitrary value using <function>setval()</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <link linkend="SQL-ALTERTABLE"><literal>ALTER TABLE
- [ NO ] INHERIT</></link> (Greg Stark)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows inheritance to be adjusted dynamically, rather than
- just at table creation and destruction. This is very valuable
- when using inheritance to implement table partitioning.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <link linkend="SQL-COMMENT">comments</link> on global
- objects to be stored globally (Kris Jurka)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Previously, comments attached to databases were stored in individual
- databases, making them ineffective, and there was no provision
- at all for comments on roles or tablespaces. This change adds a new
- shared catalog <link
- linkend="catalog-pg-shdescription"><structname>pg_shdescription</structname></link>
- and stores comments on databases, roles, and tablespaces therein.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Utility Command Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add option to allow indexes to be created without blocking
- concurrent writes to the table (Greg Stark, Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The new syntax is <link linkend="SQL-CREATEINDEX"><command>CREATE
- INDEX CONCURRENTLY</></link>. The default behavior is
- still to block table modification while a index is being
- created.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Provide <link linkend="functions-advisory-locks">advisory
- locking</link> functionality (Abhijit Menon-Sen, Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is a new locking API designed to replace what used to be
- in /contrib/userlock. The userlock code is now on pgfoundry.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <link linkend="SQL-COPY"><command>COPY</></link> to
- dump a <command>SELECT</> query (Zoltan Boszormenyi, Karel
- Zak)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows <command>COPY</> to dump arbitrary <acronym>SQL</>
- queries. The syntax is <literal>COPY (SELECT ...) TO</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make the <link linkend="SQL-COPY"><command>COPY</></link>
- command return a command tag that includes the number of
- rows copied (Volkan YAZICI)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <link linkend="SQL-VACUUM"><command>VACUUM</></link>
- to expire rows without being affected by other concurrent
- <command>VACUUM</> operations (Hannu Krossing, Alvaro, Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <link linkend="APP-INITDB"><application>initdb</></link>
- detect the operating system locale and set the default
- <varname>DateStyle</> accordingly (Peter)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This makes it more likely that the installed
- <filename>postgresql.conf</> <varname>DateStyle</> value will
- be as desired.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Reduce number of progress messages displayed by <application>initdb</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Date/Time Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow full timezone names in <link
- linkend="datatype-datetime"><type>timestamp</></link> input values
- (Joachim Wieland)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- For example, <literal>'2006-05-24 21:11
- America/New_York'::timestamptz</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Support configurable timezone abbreviations (Joachim Wieland)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- A desired set of timezone abbreviations can be chosen via the
- configuration parameter <link
- linkend="guc-timezone-abbreviations"><varname>timezone_abbreviations</></link>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <link
- linkend="view-pg-timezone-abbrevs"><varname>pg_timezone_abbrevs</></link>
- and <link
- linkend="view-pg-timezone-names"><varname>pg_timezone_names</></link>
- views to show supported timezones (Magnus Hagander)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <link
- linkend="functions-datetime-table"><function>clock_timestamp()</></link>,
- <link
- linkend="functions-datetime-table"><function>statement_timestamp()</></link>,
- and <link
- linkend="functions-datetime-table"><function>transaction_timestamp()</></link>
- (Bruce)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- <function>clock_timestamp()</> is the current wall-clock time,
- <function>statement_timestamp()</> is the time the current
- statement arrived at the server, and
- <function>transaction_timestamp()</> is an alias for
- <function>now()</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <link
- linkend="functions-formatting"><function>to_char()</></link>
- to print localized month and day names (Euler Taveira de
- Oliveira)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <link
- linkend="functions-formatting"><function>to_char(time)</></link>
- and <link
- linkend="functions-formatting"><function>to_char(interval)</></link>
- to output <acronym>AM</>/<acronym>PM</> specifications
- (Bruce)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Intervals and times are treated as 24-hour periods, e.g.
- <literal>25 hours</> is considered <acronym>AM</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add new function <link
- linkend="functions-datetime-table"><function>justify_interval()</></link>
- to adjust interval units (Mark Dilger)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow timezone offsets up to 14:59 away from GMT
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Kiribati uses GMT+14, so we'd better accept that.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Interval computation improvements (Michael Glaesemann, Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Other Data Type and Function Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow arrays to contain <literal>NULL</> elements (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow assignment to array elements not contiguous with the existing
- entries (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The intervening array positions will be filled with nulls.
- This is per SQL standard.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- New built-in <link linkend="functions-array">operators</link>
- for array-subset comparisons (<literal>@></>,
- <literal><@</>, <literal>&&</>) (Teodor, Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- These operators can be indexed for many data types using
- <acronym>GiST</> or <acronym>GIN</> indexes.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add convenient arithmetic <link
- linkend="cidr-inet-operators-table">operations</link> on
- <type>INET</>/<type>CIDR</> values (Stephen R. van den
- Berg)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The new operators are <literal>&</> (and), <literal>|</>
- (or), <literal>~</> (not), <type>inet</> <literal>+</> <type>int8</>,
- <type>inet</> <literal>-</> <type>int8</>, and
- <type>inet</> <literal>-</> <type>inet</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add new <link
- linkend="functions-aggregate-statistics-table">aggregate functions</link>
- from SQL:2003 (Neil)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The new functions are <function>var_pop()</>,
- <function>var_samp()</>, <function>stddev_pop()</>, and
- <function>stddev_samp()</>. <function>var_samp()</> and
- <function>stddev_samp()</> are merely renamings of the
- existing aggregates <function>variance()</> and
- <function>stddev()</>. The latter names remain available
- for backward compatibility.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add SQL:2003 statistical <link
- linkend="functions-aggregate-statistics-table">aggregates</link>
- (Sergey Koposov)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- New functions: <function>regr_intercept()</>,
- <function>regr_slope()</>, <function>regr_r2()</>,
- <function>corr()</>, <function>covar_samp()</>,
- <function>covar_pop()</>, <function>regr_avgx()</>,
- <function>regr_avgy()</>, <function>regr_sxy()</>,
- <function>regr_sxx()</>, <function>regr_syy()</>,
- <function>regr_count()</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <link linkend="SQL-CREATEDOMAIN">domains</link> to be
- based on other domains (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Properly enforce domain <link
- linkend="ddl-constraints"><literal>CHECK</></link> constraints
- everywhere (Neil, Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- For example, the result of a user-defined function that is
- declared to return a domain type is now checked against the
- domain's constraints. This closes a significant hole in the domain
- implementation.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix problems with dumping renamed <link
- linkend="datatype-serial"><type>SERIAL</></link> columns
- (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The fix is to dump a <type>SERIAL</> column by explicitly
- specifying its <literal>DEFAULT</> and sequence elements,
- and reconstructing the <type>SERIAL</> column on reload
- using a new <link linkend="SQL-ALTERSEQUENCE"><command>ALTER
- SEQUENCE OWNED BY</></link> command. This also allows
- dropping a <type>SERIAL</> column specification.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add a server-side sleep function <link
- linkend="functions-datetime-delay"><function>pg_sleep()</></link>
- (Joachim Wieland)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add all comparison operators for the <link
- linkend="datatype-oid"><type>tid</></link> (tuple id) data
- type (Mark Kirkwood, Greg Stark, Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>PL/PgSQL Server-Side Language Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <literal>TG_table_name</> and <literal>TG_table_schema</> to
- trigger parameters (Andrew)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- <literal>TG_relname</> is now deprecated. Comparable
- changes have been made in the trigger parameters for the other
- PLs as well.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <literal>FOR</> statements to return values to scalars
- as well as records and row types (Pavel Stehule)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add a <literal>BY</> clause to the <literal>FOR</> loop,
- to control the iteration increment (Jaime Casanova)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <literal>STRICT</> to <link
- linkend="plpgsql-statements-sql-onerow"><command>SELECT
- INTO</></link> (Matt Miller)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- <literal>STRICT</> mode throws an exception if more or less
- than one row is returned by the <command>SELECT</>, for
- <productname>Oracle PL/SQL</> compatibility.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>PL/Perl Server-Side Language Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <literal>table_name</> and <literal>table_schema</> to
- trigger parameters (Adam Sjøgren)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add prepared queries (Dmitry Karasik)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <literal>$_TD</> trigger data a global variable (Andrew)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Previously, it was lexical, which caused unexpected sharing
- violations.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Run PL/Perl and PL/PerlU in separate interpreters, for security
- reasons (Andrew)
- </para>
- <para>
- In consequence, they can no longer share data nor loaded modules.
- Also, if Perl has not been compiled with the requisite flags to
- allow multiple interpreters, only one of these languages can be used
- in any given backend process.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>PL/Python Server-Side Language Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Named parameters are passed as ordinary variables, as well as in the
- <literal>args[]</> array (Sven Suursoho)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <literal>table_name</> and <literal>table_schema</> to
- trigger parameters (Andrew)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow returning of composite types and result sets (Sven Suursoho)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Return result-set as <literal>list</>, <literal>iterator</>,
- or <literal>generator </>(Sven Suursoho)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow functions to return <literal>void</> (Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Python 2.5 is now supported (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title><link linkend="APP-PSQL"><application>psql</></link> Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add new command <literal>\password</> for changing role
- password with client-side password encryption (Peter)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <literal>\c</> to connect to a new host and port
- number (David, Volkan YAZICI)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add tablespace display to <literal>\l+</> (Philip Yarra)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve <literal>\df</> slash command to include the argument
- names and modes (<literal>OUT</> or <literal>INOUT</>) of
- the function (David Fetter)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Support binary <command>COPY</> (Andreas Pflug)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add option to run the entire session in a single transaction
- (Simon)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Use option <literal>-1</> or <literal>--single-transaction</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Support for automatically retrieving <command>SELECT</>
- results in batches using a cursor (Chris Mair)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is enabled using <command>\set FETCH_COUNT
- <replaceable>n</></command>. This
- feature allows large result sets to be retrieved in
- <application>psql</> without attempting to buffer the entire
- result set in memory.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make multi-line values align in the proper column
- (Martijn van Oosterhout)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Field values containing newlines are now displayed in a more
- readable fashion.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Save multi-line statements as a single entry, rather than
- one line at a time (Sergey E. Koposov)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This makes up-arrow recall of queries easier. (This is
- not available on Windows, because that platform uses the native
- command-line editing present in the operating system.)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make the line counter 64-bit so it can handle files with more
- than two billion lines (David Fetter)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Report both the returned data and the command status tag
- for <command>INSERT</>/<command>UPDATE</>/<command>DELETE
- RETURNING</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title><link linkend="APP-PGDUMP"><application>pg_dump</></link> Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow complex selection of objects to be included or excluded
- by <application>pg_dump</> (Greg Sabino Mullane)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- <application>pg_dump</> now supports multiple <literal>-n</>
- (schema) and <literal>-t</> (table) options, and adds
- <literal>-N</> and <literal>-T</> options to exclude objects.
- Also, the arguments of these switches can now be wild-card expressions
- rather than single object names, for example
- <literal>-t 'foo*'</>, and a schema can be part of
- a <literal>-t</> or <literal>-T</> switch, for example
- <literal>-t schema1.table1</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <link linkend="APP-PGRESTORE"><application>pg_restore</></link>
- <literal>--no-data-for-failed-tables</> option to suppress
- loading data if table creation failed (i.e., the table already
- exists) (Martin Pitt)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <link linkend="APP-PGRESTORE"><application>pg_restore</></link>
- option to run the entire session in a single transaction
- (Simon)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Use option <literal>-1</> or <literal>--single-transaction</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title><link linkend="libpq"><application>libpq</></link> Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <link
- linkend="libpq-misc"><function>PQencryptPassword()</></link>
- to encrypt passwords (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows passwords to be sent pre-encrypted for commands
- like <link linkend="SQL-ALTERROLE"><command>ALTER ROLE ...
- PASSWORD</></link>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add function <link
- linkend="libpq-threading"><function>PQisthreadsafe()</></link>
- (Bruce)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows applications to query the thread-safety status
- of the library.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <link
- linkend="libpq-exec-main"><function>PQdescribePrepared()</></link>,
- <link
- linkend="libpq-exec-main"><function>PQdescribePortal()</></link>,
- and related functions to return information about previously
- prepared statements and open cursors (Volkan YAZICI)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <link linkend="libpq-ldap"><acronym>LDAP</></link> lookups
- from <link
- linkend="libpq-pgservice"><filename>pg_service.conf</></link>
- (Laurenz Albe)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow a hostname in <link
- linkend="libpq-pgpass"><filename>~/.pgpass</></link>
- to match the default socket directory (Bruce)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- A blank hostname continues to match any Unix-socket connection,
- but this addition allows entries that are specific to one of
- several postmasters on the machine.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title><link linkend="ecpg"><application>ecpg</></link> Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <link linkend="SQL-SHOW"><command>SHOW</></link> to
- put its result into a variable (Joachim Wieland)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <link linkend="SQL-COPY"><command>COPY TO STDOUT</></link>
- (Joachim Wieland)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add regression tests (Joachim Wieland, Michael)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Major source code cleanups (Joachim Wieland, Michael)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title><application>Windows</> Port</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <acronym>MSVC</> to compile the <productname>PostgreSQL</>
- server (Magnus, Hiroshi Saito)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <acronym>MSVC</> support for utility commands and <link
- linkend="APP-PGDUMP"><application>pg_dump</></link> (Hiroshi
- Saito)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add support for Windows code pages <literal>1253</>,
- <literal>1254</>, <literal>1255</>, and <literal>1257</>
- (Kris Jurka)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Drop privileges on startup, so that the server can be started from
- an administrative account (Magnus)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Stability fixes (Qingqing Zhou, Magnus)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add native semaphore implementation (Qingqing Zhou)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The previous code mimicked SysV semaphores.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Source Code Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <link linkend="GIN"><acronym>GIN</></link> (Generalized
- Inverted iNdex) index access method (Teodor, Oleg)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove R-tree indexing (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Rtree has been re-implemented using <link
- linkend="GiST"><acronym>GiST</></link>. Among other
- differences, this means that rtree indexes now have support
- for crash recovery via write-ahead logging (WAL).
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Reduce libraries needlessly linked into the backend (Martijn
- van Oosterhout, Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add a configure flag to allow libedit to be preferred over
- <acronym>GNU</> readline (Bruce)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Use configure <link
- linkend="configure"><literal>--with-libedit-preferred</></link>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow installation into directories containing spaces
- (Peter)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve ability to relocate installation directories (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add support for <productname>Solaris x86_64</> using the
- <productname>Solaris</> compiler (Pierre Girard, Theo
- Schlossnagle, Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <application>DTrace</> support (Robert Lor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <literal>PG_VERSION_NUM</> for use by third-party
- applications wanting to test the backend version in C using >
- and < comparisons (Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <literal>XLOG_BLCKSZ</> as independent from <literal>BLCKSZ</>
- (Mark Wong)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <literal>LWLOCK_STATS</> define to report locking
- activity (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Emit warnings for unknown <application>configure</> options
- (Martijn van Oosterhout)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add server support for <quote>plugin</> libraries
- that can be used for add-on tasks such as debugging and performance
- measurement (Korry Douglas)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This consists of two features: a table of <quote>rendezvous
- variables</> that allows separately-loaded shared libraries to
- communicate, and a new configuration parameter <link
- linkend="guc-local-preload-libraries"><varname>local_preload_libraries</></link>
- that allows libraries to be loaded into specific sessions without
- explicit cooperation from the client application. This allows
- external add-ons to implement features such as a PL/PgSQL debugger.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Rename existing configuration parameter
- <varname>preload_libraries</> to <link
- linkend="guc-shared-preload-libraries"><varname>shared_preload_libraries</></link>
- (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This was done for clarity in comparison to
- <varname>local_preload_libraries</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add new configuration parameter <link
- linkend="guc-server-version-num"><varname>server_version_num</></link>
- (Greg Sabino Mullane)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is like <varname>server_version</varname>, but is an
- integer, e.g. <literal>80200</>. This allows applications to
- make version checks more easily.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add a configuration parameter <link
- linkend="guc-seq-page-cost"><varname>seq_page_cost</></link>
- (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Re-implement the <link linkend="regress">regression test</link> script as a C program
- (Magnus, Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow loadable modules to allocate shared memory and
- lightweight locks (Marc Munro)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add automatic initialization and finalization of dynamically
- loaded libraries (Ralf Engelschall, Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- New <link linkend="xfunc-c-dynload">functions</link>
- <function>_PG_init()</> and <function>_PG_fini()</> are
- called if the library defines such symbols. Hence we no
- longer need to specify an initialization function in
- <varname>shared_preload_libraries</>; we can assume that
- the library used the <function>_PG_init()</> convention
- instead.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <link
- linkend="xfunc-c-dynload"><literal>PG_MODULE_MAGIC</></link>
- header block to all shared object files (Martijn van
- Oosterhout)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The magic block prevents version mismatches between loadable object
- files and servers.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add shared library support for AIX (Laurenz Albe)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- New <link linkend="datatype-xml"><acronym>XML</></link>
- documentation section (Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Contrib Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Major tsearch2 improvements (Oleg, Teodor)
- </para>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- multibyte encoding support, including <acronym>UTF8</>
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- query rewriting support
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- improved ranking functions
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- thesaurus dictionary support
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Ispell dictionaries now recognize <application>MySpell</>
- format, used by <application>OpenOffice</>
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <acronym>GIN</> support
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add adminpack module containing <application>Pgadmin</> administration
- functions (Dave)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- These functions provide additional file system access
- routines not present in the default <productname>PostgreSQL</>
- server.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add sslinfo module (Victor Wagner)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Reports information about the current connection's <acronym>SSL</>
- certificate.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add pgrowlocks module (Tatsuo)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This shows row locking information for a specified table.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add hstore module (Oleg, Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add isn module, replacing isbn_issn (Jeremy Kronuz)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This new implementation supports <acronym>EAN13</>, <acronym>UPC</>,
- <acronym>ISBN</> (books), <acronym>ISMN</> (music), and
- <acronym>ISSN</> (serials).
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add index information functions to pgstattuple (ITAGAKI Takahiro,
- Satoshi Nagayasu)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add pg_freespacemap module to display free space map information
- (Mark Kirkwood)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- pgcrypto now has all planned functionality (Marko Kreen)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Include iMath library in pgcrypto to have the public-key encryption
- functions always available.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add SHA224 algorithm that was missing in OpenBSD code.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Activate builtin code for SHA224/256/384/512 hashes on older
- OpenSSL to have those algorithms always available.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- New function gen_random_bytes() that returns cryptographically strong
- randomness. Useful for generating encryption keys.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove digest_exists(), hmac_exists() and cipher_exists() functions.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improvements to cube module (Joshua Reich)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- New functions are <function>cube(float[])</>,
- <function>cube(float[], float[])</>, and
- <function>cube_subset(cube, int4[])</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add async query capability to dblink (Kai Londenberg,
- Joe Conway)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- New operators for array-subset comparisons (<literal>@></>,
- <literal><@</>, <literal>&&</>) (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Various contrib packages already had these operators for their
- datatypes, but the naming wasn't consistent. We have now added
- consistently named array-subset comparison operators to the core code
- and all the contrib packages that have such functionality.
- (The old names remain available, but are deprecated.)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add uninstall scripts for all contrib packages that have install
- scripts (David, Josh Drake)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-1-17">
- <title>Release 8.1.17</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2009-03-16</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.1.16.
- For information about new features in the 8.1 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-1">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.1.17</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.1.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.1.15,
- see the release notes for 8.1.15.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent error recursion crashes when encoding conversion fails (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This change extends fixes made in the last two minor releases for
- related failure scenarios. The previous fixes were narrowly tailored
- for the original problem reports, but we have now recognized that
- <emphasis>any</> error thrown by an encoding conversion function could
- potentially lead to infinite recursion while trying to report the
- error. The solution therefore is to disable translation and encoding
- conversion and report the plain-ASCII form of any error message,
- if we find we have gotten into a recursive error reporting situation.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Disallow <command>CREATE CONVERSION</> with the wrong encodings
- for the specified conversion function (Heikki)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This prevents one possible scenario for encoding conversion failure.
- The previous change is a backstop to guard against other kinds of
- failures in the same area.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix core dump when <function>to_char()</> is given format codes that
- are inappropriate for the type of the data argument (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix decompilation of <literal>CASE WHEN</> with an implicit coercion
- (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This mistake could lead to Assert failures in an Assert-enabled build,
- or an <quote>unexpected CASE WHEN clause</> error message in other
- cases, when trying to examine or dump a view.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible misassignment of the owner of a TOAST table's rowtype (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- If <command>CLUSTER</> or a rewriting variant of <command>ALTER TABLE</>
- were executed by someone other than the table owner, the
- <structname>pg_type</> entry for the table's TOAST table would end up
- marked as owned by that someone. This caused no immediate problems,
- since the permissions on the TOAST rowtype aren't examined by any
- ordinary database operation. However, it could lead to unexpected
- failures if one later tried to drop the role that issued the command
- (in 8.1 or 8.2), or <quote>owner of data type appears to be invalid</>
- warnings from <application>pg_dump</> after having done so (in 8.3).
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Clean up PL/pgSQL error status variables fully at block exit
- (Ashesh Vashi and Dave Page)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is not a problem for PL/pgSQL itself, but the omission could cause
- the PL/pgSQL Debugger to crash while examining the state of a function.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <literal>MUST</> (Mauritius Island Summer Time) to the default list
- of known timezone abbreviations (Xavier Bugaud)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-1-16">
- <title>Release 8.1.16</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2009-02-02</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.1.15.
- For information about new features in the 8.1 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-1">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.1.16</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.1.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.1.15,
- see the release notes for 8.1.15.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix crash in autovacuum (Alvaro)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The crash occurs only after vacuuming a whole database for
- anti-transaction-wraparound purposes, which means that it occurs
- infrequently and is hard to track down.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve handling of URLs in <function>headline()</> function (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve handling of overlength headlines in <function>headline()</>
- function (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent possible Assert failure or misconversion if an encoding
- conversion is created with the wrong conversion function for the
- specified pair of encodings (Tom, Heikki)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Avoid unnecessary locking of small tables in <command>VACUUM</>
- (Heikki)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Ensure that the contents of a holdable cursor don't depend on the
- contents of TOAST tables (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Previously, large field values in a cursor result might be represented
- as TOAST pointers, which would fail if the referenced table got dropped
- before the cursor is read, or if the large value is deleted and then
- vacuumed away. This cannot happen with an ordinary cursor,
- but it could with a cursor that is held past its creating transaction.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix uninitialized variables in <filename>contrib/tsearch2</>'s
- <function>get_covers()</> function (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>configure</> script to properly report failure when
- unable to obtain linkage information for PL/Perl (Andrew)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make all documentation reference <literal>pgsql-bugs</> and/or
- <literal>pgsql-hackers</> as appropriate, instead of the
- now-decommissioned <literal>pgsql-ports</> and <literal>pgsql-patches</>
- mailing lists (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update time zone data files to <application>tzdata</> release 2009a (for
- Kathmandu and historical DST corrections in Switzerland, Cuba)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-1-15">
- <title>Release 8.1.15</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2008-11-03</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.1.14.
- For information about new features in the 8.1 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-1">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.1.15</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.1.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.1.2,
- see the release notes for 8.1.2. Also, if you were running a previous
- 8.1.X release, it is recommended to <command>REINDEX</> all GiST
- indexes after the upgrade.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix GiST index corruption due to marking the wrong index entry
- <quote>dead</> after a deletion (Teodor)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This would result in index searches failing to find rows they
- should have found. Corrupted indexes can be fixed with
- <command>REINDEX</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix backend crash when the client encoding cannot represent a localized
- error message (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- We have addressed similar issues before, but it would still fail if
- the <quote>character has no equivalent</> message itself couldn't
- be converted. The fix is to disable localization and send the plain
- ASCII error message when we detect such a situation.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible crash when deeply nested functions are invoked from
- a trigger (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix mis-expansion of rule queries when a sub-<literal>SELECT</> appears
- in a function call in <literal>FROM</>, a multi-row <literal>VALUES</>
- list, or a <literal>RETURNING</> list (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The usual symptom of this problem is an <quote>unrecognized node type</>
- error.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Ensure an error is reported when a newly-defined PL/pgSQL trigger
- function is invoked as a normal function (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent possible collision of <structfield>relfilenode</> numbers
- when moving a table to another tablespace with <command>ALTER SET
- TABLESPACE</> (Heikki)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The command tried to re-use the existing filename, instead of
- picking one that is known unused in the destination directory.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix incorrect tsearch2 headline generation when single query
- item matches first word of text (Sushant Sinha)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix improper display of fractional seconds in interval values when
- using a non-ISO datestyle in an <option>--enable-integer-datetimes</>
- build (Ron Mayer)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Ensure <function>SPI_getvalue</> and <function>SPI_getbinval</>
- behave correctly when the passed tuple and tuple descriptor have
- different numbers of columns (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This situation is normal when a table has had columns added or removed,
- but these two functions didn't handle it properly.
- The only likely consequence is an incorrect error indication.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>ecpg</>'s parsing of <command>CREATE ROLE</> (Michael)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix recent breakage of <literal>pg_ctl restart</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update time zone data files to <application>tzdata</> release 2008i (for
- DST law changes in Argentina, Brazil, Mauritius, Syria)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-1-14">
- <title>Release 8.1.14</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2008-09-22</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.1.13.
- For information about new features in the 8.1 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-1">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.1.14</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.1.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.1.2,
- see the release notes for 8.1.2.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Widen local lock counters from 32 to 64 bits (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This responds to reports that the counters could overflow in
- sufficiently long transactions, leading to unexpected <quote>lock is
- already held</> errors.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible duplicate output of tuples during a GiST index scan (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add checks in executor startup to ensure that the tuples produced by an
- <command>INSERT</> or <command>UPDATE</> will match the target table's
- current rowtype (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- <command>ALTER COLUMN TYPE</>, followed by re-use of a previously
- cached plan, could produce this type of situation. The check protects
- against data corruption and/or crashes that could ensue.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <literal>AT TIME ZONE</> to first try to interpret its timezone
- argument as a timezone abbreviation, and only try it as a full timezone
- name if that fails, rather than the other way around as formerly (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The timestamp input functions have always resolved ambiguous zone names
- in this order. Making <literal>AT TIME ZONE</> do so as well improves
- consistency, and fixes a compatibility bug introduced in 8.1:
- in ambiguous cases we now behave the same as 8.0 and before did,
- since in the older versions <literal>AT TIME ZONE</> accepted
- <emphasis>only</> abbreviations.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix datetime input functions to correctly detect integer overflow when
- running on a 64-bit platform (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve performance of writing very long log messages to syslog (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix bug in backwards scanning of a cursor on a <literal>SELECT DISTINCT
- ON</> query (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix planner bug with nested sub-select expressions (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- If the outer sub-select has no direct dependency on the parent query,
- but the inner one does, the outer value might not get recalculated
- for new parent query rows.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix planner to estimate that <literal>GROUP BY</> expressions yielding
- boolean results always result in two groups, regardless of the
- expressions' contents (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is very substantially more accurate than the regular <literal>GROUP
- BY</> estimate for certain boolean tests like <replaceable>col</>
- <literal>IS NULL</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix PL/PgSQL to not fail when a <literal>FOR</> loop's target variable
- is a record containing composite-type fields (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix PL/Tcl to behave correctly with Tcl 8.5, and to be more careful
- about the encoding of data sent to or from Tcl (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix PL/Python to work with Python 2.5
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is a back-port of fixes made during the 8.2 development cycle.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve <application>pg_dump</> and <application>pg_restore</>'s
- error reporting after failure to send a SQL command (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>pg_ctl</> to properly preserve postmaster
- command-line arguments across a <literal>restart</> (Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update time zone data files to <application>tzdata</> release 2008f (for
- DST law changes in Argentina, Bahamas, Brazil, Mauritius, Morocco,
- Pakistan, Palestine, and Paraguay)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-1-13">
- <title>Release 8.1.13</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2008-06-12</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains one serious and one minor bug fix over 8.1.12.
- For information about new features in the 8.1 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-1">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.1.13</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.1.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.1.2,
- see the release notes for 8.1.2.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <function>pg_get_ruledef()</> parenthesize negative constants (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Before this fix, a negative constant in a view or rule might be dumped
- as, say, <literal>-42::integer</>, which is subtly incorrect: it should
- be <literal>(-42)::integer</> due to operator precedence rules.
- Usually this would make little difference, but it could interact with
- another recent patch to cause
- <productname>PostgreSQL</> to reject what had been a valid
- <command>SELECT DISTINCT</> view query. Since this could result in
- <application>pg_dump</> output failing to reload, it is being treated
- as a high-priority fix. The only released versions in which dump
- output is actually incorrect are 8.3.1 and 8.2.7.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <command>ALTER AGGREGATE ... OWNER TO</> update
- <structname>pg_shdepend</> (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This oversight could lead to problems if the aggregate was later
- involved in a <command>DROP OWNED</> or <command>REASSIGN OWNED</>
- operation.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-1-12">
- <title>Release 8.1.12</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>never released</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.1.11.
- For information about new features in the 8.1 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-1">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.1.12</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.1.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.1.2,
- see the release notes for 8.1.2.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <command>ALTER TABLE ADD COLUMN ... PRIMARY KEY</> so that the new
- column is correctly checked to see if it's been initialized to all
- non-nulls (Brendan Jurd)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Previous versions neglected to check this requirement at all.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible <command>CREATE TABLE</> failure when inheriting the
- <quote>same</> constraint from multiple parent relations that
- inherited that constraint from a common ancestor (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix conversions between ISO-8859-5 and other encodings to handle
- Cyrillic <quote>Yo</> characters (<literal>e</> and <literal>E</> with
- two dots) (Sergey Burladyan)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix a few datatype input functions
- that were allowing unused bytes in their results to contain
- uninitialized, unpredictable values (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This could lead to failures in which two apparently identical literal
- values were not seen as equal, resulting in the parser complaining
- about unmatched <literal>ORDER BY</> and <literal>DISTINCT</>
- expressions.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix a corner case in regular-expression substring matching
- (<literal>substring(<replaceable>string</> from
- <replaceable>pattern</>)</literal>) (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The problem occurs when there is a match to the pattern overall but
- the user has specified a parenthesized subexpression and that
- subexpression hasn't got a match. An example is
- <literal>substring('foo' from 'foo(bar)?')</>.
- This should return NULL, since <literal>(bar)</> isn't matched, but
- it was mistakenly returning the whole-pattern match instead (ie,
- <literal>foo</>).
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update time zone data files to <application>tzdata</> release 2008c (for
- DST law changes in Morocco, Iraq, Choibalsan, Pakistan, Syria, Cuba,
- Argentina/San_Luis, and Chile)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix incorrect result from <application>ecpg</>'s
- <function>PGTYPEStimestamp_sub()</> function (Michael)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix core dump in <filename>contrib/xml2</>'s
- <function>xpath_table()</> function when the input query returns a
- NULL value (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <filename>contrib/xml2</>'s makefile to not override
- <literal>CFLAGS</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <literal>DatumGetBool</> macro to not fail with <application>gcc</>
- 4.3 (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This problem affects <quote>old style</> (V0) C functions that
- return boolean. The fix is already in 8.3, but the need to
- back-patch it was not realized at the time.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix longstanding <command>LISTEN</>/<command>NOTIFY</>
- race condition (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- In rare cases a session that had just executed a
- <command>LISTEN</> might not get a notification, even though
- one would be expected because the concurrent transaction executing
- <command>NOTIFY</> was observed to commit later.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- A side effect of the fix is that a transaction that has executed
- a not-yet-committed <command>LISTEN</> command will not see any
- row in <structname>pg_listener</> for the <command>LISTEN</>,
- should it choose to look; formerly it would have. This behavior
- was never documented one way or the other, but it is possible that
- some applications depend on the old behavior.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Disallow <command>LISTEN</> and <command>UNLISTEN</> within a
- prepared transaction (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This was formerly allowed but trying to do it had various unpleasant
- consequences, notably that the originating backend could not exit
- as long as an <command>UNLISTEN</> remained uncommitted.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix rare crash when an error occurs during a query using a hash index
- (Heikki)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix input of datetime values for February 29 in years BC (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The former coding was mistaken about which years were leap years.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <quote>unrecognized node type</> error in some variants of
- <command>ALTER OWNER</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>pg_ctl</> to correctly extract the postmaster's port
- number from command-line options (Itagaki Takahiro, Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Previously, <literal>pg_ctl start -w</> could try to contact the
- postmaster on the wrong port, leading to bogus reports of startup
- failure.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Use <option>-fwrapv</> to defend against possible misoptimization
- in recent <application>gcc</> versions (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is known to be necessary when building <productname>PostgreSQL</>
- with <application>gcc</> 4.3 or later.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix display of constant expressions in <literal>ORDER BY</>
- and <literal>GROUP BY</> (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- An explictly casted constant would be shown incorrectly. This could
- for example lead to corruption of a view definition during
- dump and reload.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>libpq</> to handle NOTICE messages correctly
- during COPY OUT (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This failure has only been observed to occur when a user-defined
- datatype's output routine issues a NOTICE, but there is no
- guarantee it couldn't happen due to other causes.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-1-11">
- <title>Release 8.1.11</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2008-01-07</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.1.10,
- including fixes for significant security issues.
- For information about new features in the 8.1 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-1">.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is the last 8.1.X release for which the <productname>PostgreSQL</>
- community will produce binary packages for <productname>Windows</>.
- Windows users are encouraged to move to 8.2.X or later,
- since there are Windows-specific fixes in 8.2.X that
- are impractical to back-port. 8.1.X will continue to
- be supported on other platforms.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.1.11</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.1.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.1.2,
- see the release notes for 8.1.2.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent functions in indexes from executing with the privileges of
- the user running <command>VACUUM</>, <command>ANALYZE</>, etc (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Functions used in index expressions and partial-index
- predicates are evaluated whenever a new table entry is made. It has
- long been understood that this poses a risk of trojan-horse code
- execution if one modifies a table owned by an untrustworthy user.
- (Note that triggers, defaults, check constraints, etc. pose the
- same type of risk.) But functions in indexes pose extra danger
- because they will be executed by routine maintenance operations
- such as <command>VACUUM FULL</>, which are commonly performed
- automatically under a superuser account. For example, a nefarious user
- can execute code with superuser privileges by setting up a
- trojan-horse index definition and waiting for the next routine vacuum.
- The fix arranges for standard maintenance operations
- (including <command>VACUUM</>, <command>ANALYZE</>, <command>REINDEX</>,
- and <command>CLUSTER</>) to execute as the table owner rather than
- the calling user, using the same privilege-switching mechanism already
- used for <literal>SECURITY DEFINER</> functions. To prevent bypassing
- this security measure, execution of <command>SET SESSION
- AUTHORIZATION</> and <command>SET ROLE</> is now forbidden within a
- <literal>SECURITY DEFINER</> context. (CVE-2007-6600)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Repair assorted bugs in the regular-expression package (Tom, Will Drewry)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Suitably crafted regular-expression patterns could cause crashes,
- infinite or near-infinite looping, and/or massive memory consumption,
- all of which pose denial-of-service hazards for applications that
- accept regex search patterns from untrustworthy sources.
- (CVE-2007-4769, CVE-2007-4772, CVE-2007-6067)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Require non-superusers who use <filename>/contrib/dblink</> to use only
- password authentication, as a security measure (Joe)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The fix that appeared for this in 8.1.10 was incomplete, as it plugged
- the hole for only some <filename>dblink</> functions. (CVE-2007-6601,
- CVE-2007-3278)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update time zone data files to <application>tzdata</> release 2007k
- (in particular, recent Argentina changes) (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve planner's handling of LIKE/regex estimation in non-C locales
- (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix planner failure in some cases of <literal>WHERE false AND var IN
- (SELECT ...)</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Preserve the tablespace of indexes that are
- rebuilt by <command>ALTER TABLE ... ALTER COLUMN TYPE</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make archive recovery always start a new WAL timeline, rather than only
- when a recovery stop time was used (Simon)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This avoids a corner-case risk of trying to overwrite an existing
- archived copy of the last WAL segment, and seems simpler and cleaner
- than the original definition.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <command>VACUUM</> not use all of <varname>maintenance_work_mem</>
- when the table is too small for it to be useful (Alvaro)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix potential crash in <function>translate()</> when using a multibyte
- database encoding (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix overflow in <literal>extract(epoch from interval)</> for intervals
- exceeding 68 years (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix PL/Perl to not fail when a UTF-8 regular expression is used
- in a trusted function (Andrew)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix PL/Perl to cope when platform's Perl defines type <literal>bool</>
- as <literal>int</> rather than <literal>char</> (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- While this could theoretically happen anywhere, no standard build of
- Perl did things this way ... until <productname>Mac OS X</> 10.5.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix PL/Python to not crash on long exception messages (Alvaro)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>pg_dump</> to correctly handle inheritance child tables
- that have default expressions different from their parent's (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>libpq</> crash when <varname>PGPASSFILE</> refers
- to a file that is not a plain file (Martin Pitt)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <application>ecpg</> parser fixes (Michael)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <filename>contrib/pgcrypto</> defend against
- <application>OpenSSL</> libraries that fail on keys longer than 128
- bits; which is the case at least on some Solaris versions (Marko Kreen)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <filename>contrib/tablefunc</>'s <function>crosstab()</> handle
- NULL rowid as a category in its own right, rather than crashing (Joe)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <type>tsvector</> and <type>tsquery</> output routines to
- escape backslashes correctly (Teodor, Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix crash of <function>to_tsvector()</> on huge input strings (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Require a specific version of <productname>Autoconf</> to be used
- when re-generating the <command>configure</> script (Peter)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This affects developers and packagers only. The change was made
- to prevent accidental use of untested combinations of
- <productname>Autoconf</> and <productname>PostgreSQL</> versions.
- You can remove the version check if you really want to use a
- different <productname>Autoconf</> version, but it's
- your responsibility whether the result works or not.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-1-10">
- <title>Release 8.1.10</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2007-09-17</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.1.9.
- For information about new features in the 8.1 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-1">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.1.10</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.1.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.1.2,
- see the release notes for 8.1.2.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent index corruption when a transaction inserts rows and
- then aborts close to the end of a concurrent <command>VACUUM</>
- on the same table (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <command>CREATE DOMAIN ... DEFAULT NULL</> work properly (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow the <type>interval</> data type to accept input consisting only of
- milliseconds or microseconds (Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Speed up rtree index insertion (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix excessive logging of <acronym>SSL</> error messages (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix logging so that log messages are never interleaved when using
- the syslogger process (Andrew)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix crash when <varname>log_min_error_statement</> logging runs out
- of memory (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix incorrect handling of some foreign-key corner cases (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent <command>REINDEX</> and <command>CLUSTER</> from failing
- due to attempting to process temporary tables of other sessions (Alvaro)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update the time zone database rules, particularly New Zealand's upcoming changes (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Windows socket improvements (Magnus)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Suppress timezone name (<literal>%Z</>) in log timestamps on Windows
- because of possible encoding mismatches (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Require non-superusers who use <filename>/contrib/dblink</> to use only
- password authentication, as a security measure (Joe)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-1-9">
- <title>Release 8.1.9</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2007-04-23</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.1.8,
- including a security fix.
- For information about new features in the 8.1 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-1">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.1.9</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.1.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.1.2,
- see the release notes for 8.1.2.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Support explicit placement of the temporary-table schema within
- <varname>search_path</>, and disable searching it for functions
- and operators (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- This is needed to allow a security-definer function to set a
- truly secure value of <varname>search_path</>. Without it,
- an unprivileged SQL user can use temporary objects to execute code
- with the privileges of the security-definer function (CVE-2007-2138).
- See <command>CREATE FUNCTION</> for more information.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <filename>/contrib/tsearch2</> crash fixes (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Require <command>COMMIT PREPARED</> to be executed in the same
- database as the transaction was prepared in (Heikki)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix potential-data-corruption bug in how <command>VACUUM FULL</> handles
- <command>UPDATE</> chains (Tom, Pavan Deolasee)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Planner fixes, including improving outer join and bitmap scan
- selection logic (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix PANIC during enlargement of a hash index (bug introduced in 8.1.6)
- (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix POSIX-style timezone specs to follow new USA DST rules (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-1-8">
- <title>Release 8.1.8</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2007-02-07</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains one fix from 8.1.7.
- For information about new features in the 8.1 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-1">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.1.8</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.1.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.1.2,
- see the release notes for 8.1.2.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove overly-restrictive check for type length in constraints and
- functional indexes(Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-1-7">
- <title>Release 8.1.7</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2007-02-05</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.1.6, including
- a security fix.
- For information about new features in the 8.1 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-1">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.1.7</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.1.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.1.2,
- see the release notes for 8.1.2.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove security vulnerabilities that allowed connected users
- to read backend memory (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- The vulnerabilities involve suppressing the normal check that a SQL
- function returns the data type it's declared to, and changing the
- data type of a table column (CVE-2007-0555, CVE-2007-0556). These
- errors can easily be exploited to cause a backend crash, and in
- principle might be used to read database content that the user
- should not be able to access.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix rare bug wherein btree index page splits could fail
- due to choosing an infeasible split point (Heikki Linnakangas)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve <command>VACUUM</> performance for databases with many tables (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix autovacuum to avoid leaving non-permanent transaction IDs in
- non-connectable databases (Alvaro)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This bug affects the 8.1 branch only.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix for rare Assert() crash triggered by <literal>UNION</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Tighten security of multi-byte character processing for UTF8 sequences
- over three bytes long (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix bogus <quote>permission denied</> failures occurring on Windows
- due to attempts to fsync already-deleted files (Magnus, Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible crashes when an already-in-use PL/pgSQL function is
- updated (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-1-6">
- <title>Release 8.1.6</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2007-01-08</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.1.5.
- For information about new features in the 8.1 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-1">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.1.6</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.1.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.1.2,
- see the release notes for 8.1.2.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve handling of <function>getaddrinfo()</> on AIX (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This fixes a problem with starting the statistics collector,
- among other things.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>pg_restore</> to handle a tar-format backup
- that contains large objects (blobs) with comments (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <quote>failed to re-find parent key</> errors in
- <command>VACUUM</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Clean out <filename>pg_internal.init</> cache files during server
- restart (Simon)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This avoids a hazard that the cache files might contain stale
- data after PITR recovery.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix race condition for truncation of a large relation across a
- gigabyte boundary by <command>VACUUM</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix bug causing needless deadlock errors on row-level locks (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix bugs affecting multi-gigabyte hash indexes (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible deadlock in Windows signal handling (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix error when constructing an <literal>ARRAY[]</> made up of multiple
- empty elements (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix ecpg memory leak during connection (Michael)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix for Darwin (OS X) compilation (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <function>to_number()</> and <function>to_char(numeric)</>
- are now <literal>STABLE</>, not <literal>IMMUTABLE</>, for
- new <application>initdb</> installs (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is because <varname>lc_numeric</> can potentially
- change the output of these functions.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve index usage of regular expressions that use parentheses (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This improves <application>psql</> <literal>\d</> performance also.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update timezone database
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This affects Australian and Canadian daylight-savings rules in
- particular.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-1-5">
- <title>Release 8.1.5</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2006-10-16</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.1.4.
- For information about new features in the 8.1 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-1">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.1.5</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.1.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.1.2,
- see the release notes for 8.1.2.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Disallow aggregate functions in <command>UPDATE</>
-commands, except within sub-SELECTs (Tom)</para>
-<para>The behavior of such an aggregate was unpredictable, and in 8.1.X
-could cause a crash, so it has been disabled. The SQL standard does not allow
-this either.</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix core dump when an untyped literal is taken as
-ANYARRAY</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix core dump in duration logging for extended query protocol
-when a <command>COMMIT</> or <command>ROLLBACK</> is
-executed</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix mishandling of AFTER triggers when query contains a SQL
-function returning multiple rows (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <command>ALTER TABLE ... TYPE</> to recheck
-<literal>NOT NULL</> for <literal>USING</> clause (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <function>string_to_array()</> to handle overlapping
- matches for the separator string</para>
-<para>For example, <literal>string_to_array('123xx456xxx789', 'xx')</>.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <function>to_timestamp()</> for
-<literal>AM</>/<literal>PM</> formats (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix autovacuum's calculation that decides whether
- <command>ANALYZE</> is needed (Alvaro)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix corner cases in pattern matching for
- <application>psql</>'s <literal>\d</> commands</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix index-corrupting bugs in /contrib/ltree
- (Teodor)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Numerous robustness fixes in <application>ecpg</> (Joachim
-Wieland)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix backslash escaping in /contrib/dbmirror</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Minor fixes in /contrib/dblink and /contrib/tsearch2</para>
-</listitem>
-<listitem><para>Efficiency improvements in hash tables and bitmap index scans
-(Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix instability of statistics collection on Windows (Tom, Andrew)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <varname>statement_timeout</> to use the proper
-units on Win32 (Bruce)</para>
-<para>In previous Win32 8.1.X versions, the delay was off by a factor of
-100.</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fixes for <acronym>MSVC</> and <productname>Borland C++</>
-compilers (Hiroshi Saito)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fixes for <systemitem class="osname">AIX</> and
-<productname>Intel</> compilers (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix rare bug in continuous archiving (Tom)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-1-4">
- <title>Release 8.1.4</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2006-05-23</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.1.3,
- including patches for extremely serious security issues.
- For information about new features in the 8.1 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-1">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.1.4</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.1.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.1.2,
- see the release notes for 8.1.2.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Full security against the SQL-injection attacks described in
- CVE-2006-2313 and CVE-2006-2314 might require changes in application
- code. If you have applications that embed untrustworthy strings
- into SQL commands, you should examine them as soon as possible to
- ensure that they are using recommended escaping techniques. In
- most cases, applications should be using subroutines provided by
- libraries or drivers (such as <application>libpq</>'s
- <function>PQescapeStringConn()</>) to perform string escaping,
- rather than relying on <foreignphrase>ad hoc</> code to do it.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Change the server to reject invalidly-encoded multibyte
-characters in all cases (Tatsuo, Tom)</para>
-<para>While <productname>PostgreSQL</> has been moving in this direction for
-some time, the checks are now applied uniformly to all encodings and all
-textual input, and are now always errors not merely warnings. This change
-defends against SQL-injection attacks of the type described in CVE-2006-2313.
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Reject unsafe uses of <literal>\'</> in string literals</para>
-<para>As a server-side defense against SQL-injection attacks of the type
-described in CVE-2006-2314, the server now only accepts <literal>''</> and not
-<literal>\'</> as a representation of ASCII single quote in SQL string
-literals. By default, <literal>\'</> is rejected only when
-<varname>client_encoding</> is set to a client-only encoding (SJIS, BIG5, GBK,
-GB18030, or UHC), which is the scenario in which SQL injection is possible.
-A new configuration parameter <varname>backslash_quote</> is available to
-adjust this behavior when needed. Note that full security against
-CVE-2006-2314 might require client-side changes; the purpose of
-<varname>backslash_quote</> is in part to make it obvious that insecure
-clients are insecure.
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Modify <application>libpq</>'s string-escaping routines to be
-aware of encoding considerations and
-<varname>standard_conforming_strings</></para>
-<para>This fixes <application>libpq</>-using applications for the security
-issues described in CVE-2006-2313 and CVE-2006-2314, and also future-proofs
-them against the planned changeover to SQL-standard string literal syntax.
-Applications that use multiple <productname>PostgreSQL</> connections
-concurrently should migrate to <function>PQescapeStringConn()</> and
-<function>PQescapeByteaConn()</> to ensure that escaping is done correctly
-for the settings in use in each database connection. Applications that
-do string escaping <quote>by hand</> should be modified to rely on library
-routines instead.
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix weak key selection in pgcrypto (Marko Kreen)</para>
-<para>Errors in fortuna PRNG reseeding logic could cause a predictable
-session key to be selected by <function>pgp_sym_encrypt()</> in some cases.
-This only affects non-OpenSSL-using builds.
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix some incorrect encoding conversion functions</para>
-<para><function>win1251_to_iso</>, <function>win866_to_iso</>,
-<function>euc_tw_to_big5</>, <function>euc_tw_to_mic</>,
-<function>mic_to_euc_tw</> were all broken to varying
-extents.
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Clean up stray remaining uses of <literal>\'</> in strings
-(Bruce, Jan)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Make autovacuum visible in <structname>pg_stat_activity</>
-(Alvaro)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Disable <literal>full_page_writes</> (Tom)</para>
-<para>In certain cases, having <literal>full_page_writes</> off would cause
-crash recovery to fail. A proper fix will appear in 8.2; for now it's just
-disabled.
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Various planner fixes, particularly for bitmap index scans and
-MIN/MAX optimization (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix incorrect optimization in merge join (Tom)</para>
-<para>Outer joins could sometimes emit multiple copies of unmatched rows.
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix crash from using and modifying a plpgsql function in the
-same transaction</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix WAL replay for case where a B-Tree index has been
-truncated</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix <literal>SIMILAR TO</> for patterns involving
-<literal>|</> (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix <command>SELECT INTO</> and <command>CREATE TABLE AS</> to
-create tables in the default tablespace, not the base directory (Kris
-Jurka)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix server to use custom DH SSL parameters correctly (Michael
-Fuhr)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Improve qsort performance (Dann Corbit)</para>
-<para>Currently this code is only used on Solaris.
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix for OS/X Bonjour on x86 systems (Ashley Clark)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix various minor memory leaks</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix problem with password prompting on some Win32 systems
-(Robert Kinberg)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Improve <application>pg_dump</>'s handling of default values
-for domains</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix <application>pg_dumpall</> to handle identically-named
-users and groups reasonably (only possible when dumping from a pre-8.1 server)
-(Tom)</para>
-<para>The user and group will be merged into a single role with
-<literal>LOGIN</> permission. Formerly the merged role wouldn't have
-<literal>LOGIN</> permission, making it unusable as a user.
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix <application>pg_restore</> <literal>-n</> to work as
-documented (Tom)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-1-3">
- <title>Release 8.1.3</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2006-02-14</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.1.2,
- including one very serious security issue.
- For information about new features in the 8.1 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-1">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.1.3</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.1.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.1.2,
- see the release notes for 8.1.2.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix bug that allowed any logged-in user to <command>SET
-ROLE</> to any other database user id (CVE-2006-0553)</para>
-<para>Due to inadequate validity checking, a user could exploit the special
-case that <command>SET ROLE</> normally uses to restore the previous role
-setting after an error. This allowed ordinary users to acquire superuser
-status, for example.
-The escalation-of-privilege risk exists only in 8.1.0-8.1.2.
-However, in all releases back to 7.3 there is a related bug in <command>SET
-SESSION AUTHORIZATION</> that allows unprivileged users to crash the server,
-if it has been compiled with Asserts enabled (which is not the default).
-Thanks to Akio Ishida for reporting this problem.
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix bug with row visibility logic in self-inserted
-rows (Tom)</para>
-<para>Under rare circumstances a row inserted by the current command
-could be seen as already valid, when it should not be. Repairs bug
-created in 8.0.4, 7.4.9, and 7.3.11 releases.
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix race condition that could lead to <quote>file already
-exists</> errors during pg_clog and pg_subtrans file creation
-(Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix cases that could lead to crashes if a cache-invalidation
-message arrives at just the wrong time (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Properly check <literal>DOMAIN</> constraints for
-<literal>UNKNOWN</> parameters in prepared statements
-(Neil)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Ensure <command>ALTER COLUMN TYPE</> will process
-<literal>FOREIGN KEY</>, <literal>UNIQUE</>, and <literal>PRIMARY KEY</>
-constraints in the proper order (Nakano Yoshihisa)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fixes to allow restoring dumps that have cross-schema
-references to custom operators or operator classes (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Allow <application>pg_restore</> to continue properly after a
-<command>COPY</> failure; formerly it tried to treat the remaining
-<command>COPY</> data as SQL commands (Stephen Frost)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix <application>pg_ctl</> <literal>unregister</> crash
-when the data directory is not specified (Magnus)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix <application>libpq</> <function>PQprint</> HTML tags
-(Christoph Zwerschke)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix <application>ecpg</> crash on AMD64 and PPC
-(Neil)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Allow <literal>SETOF</> and <literal>%TYPE</> to be used
-together in function result type declarations</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Recover properly if error occurs during argument passing
-in <application>PL/python</> (Neil)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix memory leak in <function>plperl_return_next</>
-(Neil)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix <application>PL/perl</>'s handling of locales on
-Win32 to match the backend (Andrew)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Various optimizer fixes (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix crash when <literal>log_min_messages</> is set to
-<literal>DEBUG3</> or above in <filename>postgresql.conf</> on Win32
-(Bruce)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix <application>pgxs</> <literal>-L</> library path
-specification for Win32, Cygwin, OS X, AIX (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Check that SID is enabled while checking for Win32 admin
-privileges (Magnus)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Properly reject out-of-range date inputs (Kris
-Jurka)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Portability fix for testing presence of <function>finite</>
-and <function>isinf</> during configure (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Improve speed of <command>COPY IN</> via libpq, by
-avoiding a kernel call per data line (Alon Goldshuv)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Improve speed of <filename>/contrib/tsearch2</> index
-creation (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-1-2">
- <title>Release 8.1.2</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2006-01-09</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.1.1.
- For information about new features in the 8.1 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-1">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.1.2</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.1.X.
- However, you might need to <command>REINDEX</> indexes on textual
- columns after updating, if you are affected by the locale or
- <application>plperl</> issues described below.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix Windows code so that postmaster will continue rather
-than exit if there is no more room in ShmemBackendArray (Magnus)</para>
-<para>The previous behavior could lead to a denial-of-service situation if too
-many connection requests arrive close together. This applies
-<emphasis>only</> to the Windows port.</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix bug introduced in 8.0 that could allow ReadBuffer
-to return an already-used page as new, potentially causing loss of
-recently-committed data (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix for protocol-level Describe messages issued
-outside a transaction or in a failed transaction (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix character string comparison for locales that consider
-different character combinations as equal, such as Hungarian (Tom)</para>
-<para>This might require <command>REINDEX</> to fix existing indexes on
-textual columns.</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Set locale environment variables during postmaster startup
-to ensure that <application>plperl</> won't change the locale later</para>
-<para>This fixes a problem that occurred if the <application>postmaster</> was
-started with environment variables specifying a different locale than what
-<application>initdb</> had been told. Under these conditions, any use of
-<application>plperl</> was likely to lead to corrupt indexes. You might need
-<command>REINDEX</> to fix existing indexes on
-textual columns if this has happened to you.</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Allow more flexible relocation of installation
-directories (Tom)</para>
-<para>Previous releases supported relocation only if all installation
-directory paths were the same except for the last component.</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Prevent crashes caused by the use of
-<literal>ISO-8859-5</> and <literal>ISO-8859-9</> encodings
-(Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix longstanding bug in strpos() and regular expression
-handling in certain rarely used Asian multi-byte character sets (Tatsuo)
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix bug where COPY CSV mode considered any
-<literal>\.</> to terminate the copy data</para> <para>The new code
-requires <literal>\.</> to appear alone on a line, as per
-documentation.</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Make COPY CSV mode quote a literal data value of
-<literal>\.</> to ensure it cannot be interpreted as the
-end-of-data marker (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Various fixes for functions returning <literal>RECORD</>s
-(Tom) </para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix processing of <filename>postgresql.conf</> so a
-final line with no newline is processed properly (Tom)
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix bug in <filename>/contrib/pgcrypto</> gen_salt,
-which caused it not to use all available salt space for MD5 and
-XDES algorithms (Marko Kreen, Solar Designer)</para>
-<para>Salts for Blowfish and standard DES are unaffected.</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix autovacuum crash when processing expression indexes
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix <filename>/contrib/dblink</> to throw an error,
-rather than crashing, when the number of columns specified is different from
-what's actually returned by the query (Joe)</para></listitem>
-
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-1-1">
- <title>Release 8.1.1</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2005-12-12</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.1.0.
- For information about new features in the 8.1 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-1">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.1.1</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.1.X.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Fix incorrect optimizations of outer-join conditions
-(Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix problems with wrong reported column names in cases
-involving sub-selects flattened by the optimizer (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix update failures in scenarios involving CHECK constraints,
-toasted columns, <emphasis>and</> indexes (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix bgwriter problems after recovering from errors
-(Tom)</para>
-<para>
-The background writer was found to leak buffer pins after write errors.
-While not fatal in itself, this might lead to mysterious blockages of
-later VACUUM commands.
-</para>
-</listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Prevent failure if client sends Bind protocol message
-when current transaction is already aborted</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para><filename>/contrib/tsearch2</> and <filename>/contrib/ltree</>
-fixes (Teodor)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix problems with translated error messages in
-languages that require word reordering, such as Turkish; also problems with
-unexpected truncation of output strings and wrong display of the smallest
-possible bigint value (Andrew, Tom)</para>
-<para>
-These problems only appeared on platforms that were using our
-<filename>port/snprintf.c</> code, which includes BSD variants if
-<literal>--enable-nls</> was given, and perhaps others. In addition,
-a different form of the translated-error-message problem could appear
-on Windows depending on which version of <filename>libintl</> was used.
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Re-allow <literal>AM</>/<literal>PM</>, <literal>HH</>,
-<literal>HH12</>, and <literal>D</> format specifiers for
-<function>to_char(time)</> and <function>to_char(interval)</>.
-(<function>to_char(interval)</> should probably use
-<literal>HH24</>.) (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>AIX, HPUX, and MSVC compile fixes (Tom, Hiroshi
-Saito)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Optimizer improvements (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Retry file reads and writes after Windows
-NO_SYSTEM_RESOURCES error (Qingqing Zhou)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Prevent <application>autovacuum</> from crashing during
-ANALYZE of expression index (Alvaro)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix problems with ON COMMIT DELETE ROWS temp
-tables</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix problems when a trigger alters the output of a SELECT
-DISTINCT query</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Add 8.1.0 release note item on how to migrate invalid
-<literal>UTF-8</> byte sequences (Paul Lindner)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-1">
- <title>Release 8.1</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2005-11-08</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Overview</title>
-
- <para>
- Major changes in this release:
- </para>
-
- <variablelist>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Improve concurrent access to the shared buffer cache (Tom)
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Access to the shared buffer cache was identified as a
- significant scalability problem, particularly on multi-CPU
- systems. In this release, the way that locking is done in the
- buffer manager has been overhauled to reduce lock contention
- and improve scalability. The buffer manager has also been
- changed to use a <quote>clock sweep</quote> replacement
- policy.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Allow index scans to use an intermediate in-memory bitmap (Tom)
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- In previous releases, only a single index could be used to do
- lookups on a table. With this feature, if a query has
- <command>WHERE tab.col1 = 4 and tab.col2 = 9</>, and there is
- no multicolumn index on <literal>col1</> and <literal>col2</>,
- but there is an index on <literal>col1</> and another on
- <literal>col2</>, it is possible to search both indexes and
- combine the results in memory, then do heap fetches for only
- the rows matching both the <literal>col1</> and
- <literal>col2</> restrictions. This is very useful in
- environments that have a lot of unstructured queries where it
- is impossible to create indexes that match all possible access
- conditions. Bitmap scans are useful even with a single index,
- as they reduce the amount of random access needed; a bitmap
- index scan is efficient for retrieving fairly large fractions
- of the complete table, whereas plain index scans are not.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Add two-phase commit (Heikki Linnakangas, Alvaro, Tom)
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Two-phase commit allows transactions to be "prepared" on several
- computers, and once all computers have successfully prepared
- their transactions (none failed), all transactions can be
- committed. Even if a machine crashes after a prepare, the
- prepared transaction can be committed after the machine is
- restarted. New syntax includes <command>PREPARE TRANSACTION</> and
- <command>COMMIT/ROLLBACK PREPARED</>. A new system view
- <literal>pg_prepared_xacts</> has also been added.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Create a new role system that replaces users and groups
- (Stephen Frost)
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Roles are a combination of users and groups. Like users, they
- can have login capability, and like groups, a role can have
- other roles as members. Roles basically remove the distinction
- between users and groups. For example, a role can:
- </para>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Have login capability (optionally)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Own objects
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Hold access permissions for database objects
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Inherit permissions from other roles it is a member of
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Once a user logs into a role, she obtains capabilities of
- the login role plus any inherited roles, and can use
- <command>SET ROLE</> to switch to other roles she is a member of.
- This feature is a generalization of the SQL standard's concept of
- roles.
- This change also replaces <structname>pg_shadow</> and
- <structname>pg_group</> by new role-capable catalogs
- <structname>pg_authid</> and <structname>pg_auth_members</>. The old
- tables are redefined as read-only views on the new role tables.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Automatically use indexes for <function>MIN()</> and
- <function>MAX()</> (Tom)
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- In previous releases, the only way to use an index for
- <function>MIN()</> or <function>MAX()</> was to rewrite the
- query as <command>SELECT col FROM tab ORDER BY col LIMIT 1</>.
- Index usage now happens automatically.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Move <filename>/contrib/pg_autovacuum</> into the main server
- (Alvaro)
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Integrating autovacuum into the server allows it to be
- automatically started and stopped in sync with the database
- server, and allows autovacuum to be configured from
- <filename>postgresql.conf</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Add shared row level locks using <command>SELECT ... FOR SHARE</>
- (Alvaro)
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- While <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>'s MVCC locking
- allows <command>SELECT</> to never be blocked by writers and
- therefore does not need shared row locks for typical operations,
- shared locks are useful for applications that require shared row
- locking. In particular this reduces the locking requirements
- imposed by referential integrity checks.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Add dependencies on shared objects, specifically roles
- (Alvaro)
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- This extension of the dependency mechanism prevents roles from
- being dropped while there are still database objects they own.
- Formerly it was possible to accidentally <quote>orphan</> objects by
- deleting their owner. While this could be recovered from, it
- was messy and unpleasant.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Improve performance for partitioned tables (Simon)
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- The new <varname>constraint_exclusion</varname> configuration
- parameter avoids lookups on child tables where constraints indicate
- that no matching rows exist in the child table.
- </para>
- <para>
- This allows for a basic type of table partitioning. If child tables
- store separate key ranges and this is enforced using appropriate
- <command>CHECK</> constraints, the optimizer will skip child
- table accesses when the constraint guarantees no matching rows
- exist in the child table.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- </variablelist>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.1</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore using <application>pg_dump</application> is required
- for those wishing to migrate data from any previous release.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The 8.0 release announced that the <function>to_char()</> function
- for intervals would be removed in 8.1. However, since no better API
- has been suggested, <function>to_char(interval)</> has been enhanced in
- 8.1 and will remain in the server.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Observe the following incompatibilities:
- </para>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <varname>add_missing_from</> is now false by default (Neil)
- </para>
- <para>
- By default, we now generate an error if a table is used in a query
- without a <literal>FROM</> reference. The old behavior is still
- available, but the parameter must be set to 'true' to obtain it.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- It might be necessary to set <varname>add_missing_from</> to true
- in order to load an existing dump file, if the dump contains any
- views or rules created using the implicit-<literal>FROM</> syntax.
- This should be a one-time annoyance, because
- <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> 8.1 will convert
- such views and rules to standard explicit-<literal>FROM</> syntax.
- Subsequent dumps will therefore not have the problem.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Cause input of a zero-length string (<literal>''</literal>) for
- <type>float4</type>/<type>float8</type>/<type>oid</type>
- to throw an error, rather than treating it as a zero (Neil)
- </para>
- <para>
- This change is consistent with the current handling of
- zero-length strings for integers. The schedule for this change
- was announced in 8.0.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <varname>default_with_oids</> is now false by default (Neil)
- </para>
- <para>
- With this option set to false, user-created tables no longer
- have an OID column unless <command>WITH OIDS</> is specified in
- <command>CREATE TABLE</>. Though OIDs have existed in all
- releases of <productname>PostgreSQL</>, their use is limited
- because they are only four bytes long and the counter is shared
- across all installed databases. The preferred way of uniquely
- identifying rows is via sequences and the <type>SERIAL</> type,
- which have been supported since <productname>PostgreSQL</> 6.4.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <literal>E''</> syntax so eventually ordinary strings can
- treat backslashes literally (Bruce)
- </para>
- <para>
- Currently <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> processes a
- backslash in a string literal as introducing a special escape sequence,
- e.g. <literal>\n</> or <literal>\010</>.
- While this allows easy entry of special values, it is
- nonstandard and makes porting of applications from other
- databases more difficult. For this reason, the
- <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> project is planning to
- remove the special meaning of backslashes in strings. For
- backward compatibility and for users who want special backslash
- processing, a new string syntax has been created. This new string
- syntax is formed by writing an <literal>E</> immediately preceding the
- single quote that starts the string, e.g. <literal>E'hi\n'</>. While
- this release does not change the handling of backslashes in strings, it
- does add new configuration parameters to help users migrate applications
- for future releases:
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <varname>standard_conforming_strings</> — does this release
- treat backslashes literally in ordinary strings?
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <varname>escape_string_warning</> — warn about backslashes in
- ordinary (non-E) strings
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- <para>
- The <varname>standard_conforming_strings</> value is read-only.
- Applications can retrieve the value to know how backslashes are
- processed. (Presence of the parameter can also be taken as an
- indication that <literal>E''</> string syntax is supported.)
- In a future release, <varname>standard_conforming_strings</>
- will be true, meaning backslashes will be treated literally in
- non-E strings. To prepare for this change, use <literal>E''</>
- strings in places that need special backslash processing, and
- turn on <varname>escape_string_warning</> to find additional
- strings that need to be converted to use <literal>E''</>.
- Also, use two single-quotes (<literal>''</>) to embed a literal
- single-quote in a string, rather than the
- <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>-supported syntax of
- backslash single-quote (<literal>\'</>). The former is
- standards-conforming and does not require the use of the
- <literal>E''</> string syntax. You can also use the
- <literal>$$</> string syntax, which does not treat backslashes
- specially.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <command>REINDEX DATABASE</> reindex all indexes in the
- database (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- Formerly, <command>REINDEX DATABASE</> reindexed only
- system tables. This new behavior seems more intuitive. A new
- command <command>REINDEX SYSTEM</> provides the old functionality
- of reindexing just the system tables.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Read-only large object descriptors now obey MVCC snapshot semantics
- </para>
- <para>
- When a large object is opened with <literal>INV_READ</> (and not
- <literal>INV_WRITE</>), the data read from the descriptor will now
- reflect a <quote>snapshot</> of the large object's state at the
- time of the transaction snapshot in use by the query that called
- <function>lo_open()</>. To obtain the old behavior of always
- returning the latest committed data, include <literal>INV_WRITE</>
- in the mode flags for <function>lo_open()</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add proper dependencies for arguments of sequence functions (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- In previous releases, sequence names passed to <function>nextval()</>,
- <function>currval()</>, and <function>setval()</> were stored as
- simple text strings, meaning that renaming or dropping a
- sequence used in a <literal>DEFAULT</> clause made the clause
- invalid. This release stores all newly-created sequence function
- arguments as internal OIDs, allowing them to track sequence
- renaming, and adding dependency information that prevents
- improper sequence removal. It also makes such <literal>DEFAULT</>
- clauses immune to schema renaming and search path changes.
- </para>
- <para>
- Some applications might rely on the old behavior of
- run-time lookup for sequence names. This can still be done by
- explicitly casting the argument to <type>text</>, for example
- <literal>nextval('myseq'::text)</>.
- </para>
- <para>
- Pre-8.1 database dumps loaded into 8.1 will use the old text-based
- representation and therefore will not have the features of
- OID-stored arguments. However, it is possible to update a
- database containing text-based <literal>DEFAULT</> clauses.
- First, save this query into a file, such as <filename>fixseq.sql</>:
-<programlisting>
-SELECT 'ALTER TABLE ' ||
- pg_catalog.quote_ident(n.nspname) || '.' ||
- pg_catalog.quote_ident(c.relname) ||
- ' ALTER COLUMN ' || pg_catalog.quote_ident(a.attname) ||
- ' SET DEFAULT ' ||
- regexp_replace(d.adsrc,
- $$val\(\(('[^']*')::text\)::regclass$$,
- $$val(\1$$,
- 'g') ||
- ';'
-FROM pg_namespace n, pg_class c, pg_attribute a, pg_attrdef d
-WHERE n.oid = c.relnamespace AND
- c.oid = a.attrelid AND
- a.attrelid = d.adrelid AND
- a.attnum = d.adnum AND
- d.adsrc ~ $$val\(\('[^']*'::text\)::regclass$$;
-</programlisting>
- Next, run the query against a database to find what
- adjustments are required, like this for database <literal>db1</>:
-<programlisting>
-psql -t -f fixseq.sql db1
-</programlisting>
- This will show the <command>ALTER TABLE</> commands needed to
- convert the database to the newer OID-based representation.
- If the commands look reasonable, run this to update the database:
-<programlisting>
-psql -t -f fixseq.sql db1 | psql -e db1
-</programlisting>
- This process must be repeated in each database to be updated.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- In <application>psql</application>, treat unquoted
- <literal>\{digit}+</> sequences as octal (Bruce)
- </para>
- <para>
- In previous releases, <literal>\{digit}+</> sequences were
- treated as decimal, and only <literal>\0{digit}+</> were treated
- as octal. This change was made for consistency.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove grammar productions for prefix and postfix <literal>%</>
- and <literal>^</> operators
- (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- These have never been documented and complicated the use of the
- modulus operator (<literal>%</>) with negative numbers.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <literal>&<</> and <literal>&></> for polygons
- consistent with the box "over" operators (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <command>CREATE LANGUAGE</> can ignore the provided arguments
- in favor of information from <structname>pg_pltemplate</>
- (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- A new system catalog <structname>pg_pltemplate</> has been defined
- to carry information about the preferred definitions of procedural
- languages (such as whether they have validator functions). When
- an entry exists in this catalog for the language being created,
- <command>CREATE LANGUAGE</> will ignore all its parameters except the
- language name and instead use the catalog information. This measure
- was taken because of increasing problems with obsolete language
- definitions being loaded by old dump files. As of 8.1,
- <application>pg_dump</> will dump procedural language definitions as
- just <command>CREATE LANGUAGE <replaceable>name</></command>, relying
- on a template entry to exist at load time. We expect this will be a
- more future-proof representation.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <function>pg_cancel_backend(int)</function> return a
- <type>boolean</type> rather than an <type>integer</type> (Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Some users are having problems loading UTF-8 data into 8.1.X.
- This is because previous versions allowed invalid UTF-8 byte
- sequences to be entered into the database, and this release
- properly accepts only valid UTF-8 sequences. One way to correct a
- dumpfile is to run the command <command>iconv -c -f UTF-8 -t
- UTF-8 -o cleanfile.sql dumpfile.sql</>. The <literal>-c</> option
- removes invalid character sequences. A diff of the two files will
- show the sequences that are invalid. <command>iconv</> reads the
- entire input file into memory so it might be necessary to use
- <application>split</> to break up the dump into multiple smaller
- files for processing.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Additional Changes</title>
-
- <para>
- Below you will find a detailed account of the additional changes
- between <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> 8.1 and the
- previous major release.
- </para>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Performance Improvements</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve GiST and R-tree index performance (Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve the optimizer, including auto-resizing of hash joins
- (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Overhaul internal API in several areas
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Change WAL record CRCs from 64-bit to 32-bit (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- We determined that the extra cost of computing 64-bit CRCs was
- significant, and the gain in reliability too marginal to justify it.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent writing large empty gaps in WAL pages (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve spinlock behavior on SMP machines, particularly Opterons (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow nonconsecutive index columns to be used in a multicolumn
- index (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- For example, this allows an index on columns a,b,c to be used in
- a query with <command>WHERE a = 4 and c = 10</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Skip WAL logging for <command>CREATE TABLE AS</> /
- <command>SELECT INTO</> (Simon)
- </para>
- <para>
- Since a crash during <command>CREATE TABLE AS</> would cause the
- table to be dropped during recovery, there is no reason to WAL
- log as the table is loaded. (Logging still happens if WAL
- archiving is enabled, however.)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow concurrent GiST index access (Teodor, Oleg)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add configuration parameter <varname>full_page_writes</> to
- control writing full pages to WAL (Bruce)
- </para>
- <para>
- To prevent partial disk writes from corrupting the database,
- <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> writes a complete copy of
- each database disk page to WAL the first time it is modified
- after a checkpoint. This option turns off that functionality for more
- speed. This is safe to use with battery-backed disk caches where
- partial page writes cannot happen.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Use <literal>O_DIRECT</> if available when using
- <literal>O_SYNC</> for <varname>wal_sync_method</varname>
- (Itagaki Takahiro)
- </para>
- <para>
- <literal>O_DIRECT</> causes disk writes to bypass the kernel
- cache, and for WAL writes, this improves performance.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve <command>COPY FROM</> performance (Alon Goldshuv)
- </para>
- <para>
- This was accomplished by reading <command>COPY</> input in
- larger chunks, rather than character by character.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve the performance of <function>COUNT()</function>,
- <function>SUM</function>, <function>AVG()</function>,
- <function>STDDEV()</function>, and
- <function>VARIANCE()</function> (Neil, Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Server Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent problems due to transaction ID (XID) wraparound (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- The server will now warn when the transaction counter approaches
- the wraparound point. If the counter becomes too close to wraparound,
- the server will stop accepting queries. This ensures that data is
- not lost before needed vacuuming is performed.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix problems with object IDs (OIDs) conflicting with existing system
- objects after the OID counter has wrapped around (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add warning about the need to increase
- <varname>max_fsm_relations</> and <varname>max_fsm_pages</>
- during <command>VACUUM</> (Ron Mayer)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <varname>temp_buffers</> configuration parameter to allow
- users to determine the size of the local buffer area for
- temporary table access (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add session start time and client IP address to
- <literal>pg_stat_activity</> (Magnus)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Adjust <literal>pg_stat</> views for bitmap scans (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- The meanings of some of the fields have changed slightly.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Enhance <literal>pg_locks</> view (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Log queries for client-side <command>PREPARE</> and
- <command>EXECUTE</> (Simon)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow Kerberos name and user name case sensitivity to be
- specified in <filename>postgresql.conf</> (Magnus)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add configuration parameter <varname>krb_server_hostname</> so
- that the server host name can be specified as part of service
- principal (Todd Kover)
- </para>
- <para>
- If not set, any service principal matching an entry in the
- keytab can be used. This is new Kerberos matching behavior in
- this release.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <varname>log_line_prefix</> options for millisecond
- timestamps (<literal>%m</>) and remote host (<literal>%h</>) (Ed
- L.)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add WAL logging for GiST indexes (Teodor, Oleg)
- </para>
- <para>
- GiST indexes are now safe for crash and point-in-time recovery.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove old <filename>*.backup</> files when we do
- <function>pg_stop_backup()</> (Bruce)
- </para>
- <para>
- This prevents a large number of <filename>*.backup</> files from
- existing in <filename>pg_xlog/</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add configuration parameters to control TCP/IP keep-alive
- times for idle, interval, and count (Oliver Jowett)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- These values can be changed to allow more rapid detection of
- lost client connections.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add per-user and per-database connection limits (Petr Jelinek)
- </para>
- <para>
- Using <command>ALTER USER</> and <command>ALTER DATABASE</>,
- limits can now be enforced on the maximum number of sessions that
- can concurrently connect as a specific user or to a specific database.
- Setting the limit to zero disables user or database connections.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow more than two gigabytes of shared memory and per-backend
- work memory on 64-bit machines (Koichi Suzuki)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- New system catalog <structname>pg_pltemplate</> allows overriding
- obsolete procedural-language definitions in dump files (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Query Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add temporary views (Koju Iijima, Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <command>HAVING</> without any aggregate functions or
- <command>GROUP BY</> so that the query returns a single group (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- Previously, such a case would treat the <command>HAVING</>
- clause the same as a <command>WHERE</> clause. This was not per spec.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <command>USING</> clause to allow additional tables to be
- specified to <command>DELETE</> (Euler Taveira de Oliveira, Neil)
- </para>
- <para>
- In prior releases, there was no clear method for specifying
- additional tables to be used for joins in a <command>DELETE</>
- statement. <command>UPDATE</> already has a <literal>FROM</>
- clause for this purpose.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
-
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