Help:IPA/Neapolitan
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 | This is an information page. It is not an encyclopedic article, nor one of Wikipedia's policies or guidelines; rather, its purpose is to explain certain aspects of Wikipedia's norms, customs, technicalities, or practices. It may reflect differing levels of consensus and vetting. |
The charts below show how the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Neapolitan language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles.
See Neapolitan phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of Neapolitan.
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Notes
- ^ If a consonant is doubled after a vowel, it is geminated; all consonants can be geminated except for /z/ and /ʒ/. In IPA, gemination can be represented either by doubling the consonant (fatto [ˈfattə], miezzo [ˈmjettsə]) or by the length marker ⟨ː⟩. Neapolitan, like standard Italian, also has a sandhi phenomenon called syntactic gemination, usually represented graphically: e.g. è ssoje [ˌɛ sˈsɔːjə].
- ^ a b c d e /b/, /dʒ/, /ʝ/, /ɲ/ and /ʃ/ are always geminated after a vowel.
- ^ a b c d e After a nasal, /p/, /t/, /tʃ/, /k/ and /ts/ are replaced by their voiced counterparts [b], [d], [dʒ], [ɡ], [dz].
- ^ a b When not preceded by ⟨n⟩, ⟨z⟩ can represent either /dz/ or /ts/, according to the cases.
- ^ a b c d e ⟨s⟩ is pronounced:
- /s/ when geminated or when not preceded by ⟨n⟩ and followed by ⟨t⟩, a vowel or a semivowel;
- /ʃ/ when followed by any voiceless consonant except ⟨t⟩;
- /z/ when followed by ⟨n⟩, ⟨d⟩, ⟨r⟩ or ⟨l⟩;
- /ʒ/ when followed by any voiced consonant except ⟨n⟩, ⟨d⟩, ⟨r⟩ or ⟨l⟩;
- /dz/ when preceded by ⟨n⟩.
- ^ If the two characters ⟨ɡ⟩ and ⟨
⟩ do not match and if the first looks like a ⟨γ⟩, then you have an issue with your default font. See Help:IPA § Rendering issues.
- ^ a b c Nasals always assimilate their place of articulation to that of the following consonant. Thus, the n in /nɡ/ is a velar [ŋ], and the one in /nf/~/nv/ is a labiodental [ɱ] (though for simplicity ⟨m⟩ takes its place in this list). A nasal before /b/ and /m/ is always the labial [m].
- ^ When not geminated nor following another consonant, /tʃ/ tends to be pronounced [ʃ].
- ^ Two diphthongs, uo /wo(ː)/ and ie /je(ː)/, are always stressed, unless they are at the very end of a word.
- ^ a b Open-mid vowels /ɛ ɔ/ can only appear when the syllable is stressed.
- ^ After the stressed syllable, /a e o/ change to [ə]. This sound is sometimes also found before the stressed syllable and spelled ⟨e⟩, as is fernì [fərˈni].
- ^ Vowels are long when stressed in non-final open syllables: casa [ˈkɑːsə] ~ cassa [ˈkassə], or when compounds of preposition a and an article: a + ’o = ô.
