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__NOTOC__
Year '''1934''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCMXXXIV]]''') was a [[common year starting on Monday]] (link will display the full calendar) of the [[Gregorian calendar]].


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== Events ==

=== January ===
* [[January 1]] [[Alcatraz Federal Penitentiary|Alcatraz]] officially becomes a federal prison.
* [[January 1]]
** In [[Nazi Germany]] the [[Law for the Prevention of Hereditarily Diseased Offspring]] comes into effect,<ref>Enacted July 1933. {{cite book|title=[[IBM and the Holocaust]]|first=Edwin|last=Black|authorlink=Edwin Black|year=2001|publisher=Crown / Random House|page=93}}</ref> allowing [[compulsory sterilization]] of citizens suffering from a list of alleged [[genetic disorders]].
** [[International Telecommunication Union]] established.
* [[January 7]] &ndash; The first ''[[Flash Gordon]]'' [[comic strip]] is published in the U.S.
* [[January 10]] &ndash; [[Marinus van der Lubbe]] is executed in [[Germany]] for setting the [[Reichstag fire]].
* [[January 13]] &ndash; The [[Candidate of Science]] degree is established in the [[Soviet Union]].
* [[January 20]] &ndash; The Japanese company [[Fujifilm|Fuji Photo Film]] is established.
* [[January 24]]
** The new [[Constitution of Estonia#Second Constitution (1934–1938)|Constitution]] of [[Estonia]] enters into force.
** [[Albert Einstein]] visits the [[White House]].
* [[January 26]]
** The 10 year [[German-Polish Non-Aggression Pact]] is signed by [[Germany]] and the [[Second Polish Republic]].
** The [[Republic of Austria (1919–1934)|Republic of Austria]] abolishes the [[jury trial]] by decree.<ref>{{cite book|title=A World View of Criminal Justice|series=International and Comparative Criminal Justice|first=Richard|last=Vogler|year=2005|pages=237–238|isbn=978-0-7546-2467-7|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=rN90FSGhr-cC&pg=PA237|ref=harv}}</ref>
** The [[Apollo Theater]] opens in [[Harlem]], New York City.

=== February ===
* [[February 6]] &ndash; [[February 6, 1934 crisis|French political crisis]]: The French [[far right]] leagues rally in front of the [[Palais Bourbon]] in an attempted [[coup d'état]] against the [[French Third Republic|Third Republic]].
* [[February 9]]
** [[Gaston Doumergue]] forms a new government in France.
** [[Second Hellenic Republic|Greece]], [[Kingdom of Romania|Romania]], [[Turkey]] and [[Kingdom of Yugoslavia|Yugoslavia]] form the [[Balkan Pact]].
* [[February 12]] &ndash; The [[Export-Import Bank of the United States|Export-Import Bank]] is incorporated.
* [[February 12]]&ndash;[[February 16|16]] &ndash; [[Austrian Civil War]]: the [[Fatherland's Front]] consolidates its power in a series of clashes across the country.
* [[February 16]] &ndash; [[Commission of Government]] sworn in as form of direct rule for the [[Dominion of Newfoundland]].
* [[February 17]] &ndash; [[Stanley William Allen is Born]]
* [[February 21]] &ndash; [[Augusto César Sandino]] is assassinated in [[Managua]] by the [[National Guard (Nicaragua)|National Guard]].
* [[February 22]] &ndash; [[Frank Capra]]'s ''[[It Happened One Night]]'', starring [[Clark Gable]] and [[Claudette Colbert]], is released. It becomes a smash hit and the first of Capra's great screen classics, being the first film to win all 5 of the major [[Academy Awards]] &ndash; [[Academy Award for Best Actor|Best Actor]], [[Academy Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]], Best Screenplay, [[Academy Award for Best Director|Best Director]], and [[Academy Award for Best Picture|Best Picture]]. Gable and Colbert receive their only Oscars for this film.
* [[February 23]] &ndash; [[Léopold III of Belgium|Léopold III]] becomes King of [[Belgium]].

=== March ===
* [[March 1]] &ndash; [[Evelyn Burrows was Born]]
* [[March 1]] &ndash; [[Manchuria]] becomes [[Manchukuo]], following an invasion by the Japanese.
* [[March 3]]
** [[John Dillinger]] escapes from jail in [[Crown Point, Indiana]], using a wooden pistol.
** Erich Franke invents the wire bearing (today wire race bearing) and files a patent application.
* [[March 8]] &ndash; [[Count Sigvard Bernadotte of Wisborg|Prince Sigvard of Sweden]] loses his titles because of his marriage to a commoner.
* [[March 12]] &ndash; [[Konstantin Päts]] and general [[Johan Laidoner]] stage a coup in [[Estonia]], and ban all political parties.
* [[March 13]] &ndash; [[John Dillinger]], [[Baby Face Nelson]] and their gang rob the First National Bank in [[Mason City, Iowa]].
* [[March 20]]
** All the police forces in Germany come under the command of [[Heinrich Himmler]].
** The Great [[Hakodate]] fire kills at least 2,166 people in southern [[Hokkaido]], Japan.
* [[March 22-25]] &ndash; The first Masters Tournament is held in Augusta, Georgia. Horton Smith is the winner.
* [[March 24]] &ndash; The [[Philippine Commonwealth]] is established, allowing for a greater degree of [[home rule|self-government]] from the [[United States]].

=== April ===
* [[April 1]]
** [[Clyde Barrow]] and [[Bonnie Parker]] kill 2 young highway patrolmen near [[Grapevine, Texas]].
** [[Surgery|Surgeon]] R. K. Wilson allegedly [[photograph]]s the [[Loch Ness Monster]].
* [[April 6]] &ndash; [[Rudyard Kipling]] and [[William Butler Yeats]] are awarded the Gothenburg Prize for Poetry.
* [[April 12]]
** U.S. publication of the novel ''[[Tender Is the Night]]'' by [[F. Scott Fitzgerald]]
** The world's largest ever recorded surface wind speed of 231 miles per hour was recorded on the summit of [[Mount Washington (New Hampshire)|Mt. Washington, NH]].
* [[April 22]] &ndash; [[John Dillinger]] and two others shoot their way out of an [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] [[ambush]] in northern [[Wisconsin]].
* [[April 28]] &ndash; [[1933 FA Cup Final|FA Cup Final]] in England: [[Manchester City F.C.|Manchester City]] beat [[Portsmouth F.C.]] 2 &ndash; 1 at [[Wembley Stadium (1923)|Wembley Stadium]].
* [[April 30]] &ndash; The first [[S-train]] line in [[Copenhagen]] is opened, from [[Klampenborg]] to [[Frederiksberg]].

=== May ===
[[File:Dust Storm Texas 1935.jpg|thumb|150px|right| [[May 11]]: [[dust storm]] in [[Great Plains]]]]
* [[May 1]] &ndash; The [[:de:Maiverfassung|May Constitution of 1934]] heralds the beginning of the [[Austrofascism|Austrofascist]] [[Federal State of Austria]]
* [[May 5]] &ndash; The first [[Three Stooges]] short, ''[[Woman Haters]]'', is released.
* [[May 7]] &ndash; The [[Pearl of Lao Tzu]], 24 x 14&nbsp;cm, is found in a [[giant clam]] off [[Palawan]], [[Philippines]].
* [[May 11]] &ndash; [[Dust Bowl]] in North America: A strong 2-day [[dust storm]] removes massive amounts of [[Great Plains]] [[topsoil]] in one of the region's worst dust storms.
* [[May 15]]
** The [[United States Department of Justice]] offers a $25,000 reward for [[John Dillinger]].
** [[Kārlis Ulmanis]] establishes an authoritarian government in [[Latvia]].
* [[May 19]] &ndash; [[Kimon Georgiev]] stages a [[coup d'etat]] in Bulgaria.
* [[May 23]] &ndash; A team of police officers, led by former Texas Ranger [[Frank Hamer]], ambush bank robbers [[Bonnie Parker]] and [[Clyde Barrow]] near [[Gibsland, Louisiana]], killing them both.
* [[May 24]]
** [[Tomáš Masaryk]] is re-elected president of [[Czechoslovakia]].
** The 5-day "Battle of Toledo" starts during the [[Auto-Lite strike]] in [[Toledo, Ohio]].
* [[May 28]] &ndash; Near [[Callander, Ontario]], the [[Dionne quintuplets]] are born to Oliva and Elzire Dionne, becoming the first [[quintuplet]]s to survive [[infancy]].
* [[May 29]] &ndash; [[May 31]] &ndash; The Confessional Synod of the [[German Evangelical Church]] meets in [[Barmen]], Germany to write the [[Barmen Declaration]]

=== June ===
* [[June 6]] &ndash; [[New Deal]]: U.S. President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt|Franklin D. Roosevelt]] signs the [[Securities Exchange Act]] into law, establishing the [[U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission]].
* [[June 9]] &ndash; The animated short ''[[The Wise Little Hen]]'', directed by Bert Gillett for the ''[[Silly Symphonies]]'' series, and featuring the debut of [[Donald Duck]], is released.
* [[June 10]] &ndash; [[Italy national football team|Italy]] beats [[Czechoslovakia national football team|Czechoslovakia]] 2–1 after extra time to win the [[1934 FIFA World Cup|1934 World Cup]].
* [[June 12]] &ndash; Political parties are banned in [[Bulgaria]].
* [[June 14]] &ndash; [[Max Baer (boxer)|Max Baer]] defeats champion [[Primo Carnera]] for the world heavyweight [[boxing]] title.
* [[June 18]] &ndash; The [[Indian Reorganization Act]] is enacted.
* [[June 26]] – The [[National Firearms Act]] is enacted.
* [[June 27]]
** The [[Emir]] of [[Yemen]] and ibn Saud of [[Saudi Arabia]] conclude a peace treaty.
** The attack of an unknown spider species upon the [[Chile]]an town of [[Antofagasta]] is reported.<ref>{{cite news|title=Spiders Attack A Town|url=http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/2359868|newspaper=[[The Canberra Times]]|date=1934-06-27|page=2|accessdate=2013-03-28}}</ref>
* [[June 28]] &ndash; Division of [[Grazing]] created within the [[United States Department of the Interior]].
* [[June 30]]&ndash;[[July 2]] &ndash; [[Night of the Long Knives]] in Germany: [[Nazism|Nazis]] purge the ''[[Sturmabteilung]]'' (SA), the left-wing [[Strasserism|Strasserist]] faction of the [[Nazi Party]] and prominent conservative anti-Nazis in a series of political murders.
* [[June 30]] &ndash; The [[Nazi Party]] [[Sturmabteilung|SA]] camp [[Oranienburg]] becomes a national camp, taken over by the ''[[Schutzstaffel]]'' (SS).

=== July ===
* [[July 1]]
** The Hays Office [[Motion Picture Production Code]], setting restrictions on the treatment of morally sensitive subjects, goes into full effect in the [[United States]].
** The Aeronautics Branch of the [[United States Department of Commerce]] is renamed the [[Bureau of Air Commerce]].
** The [[Brookfield Zoo]] opens in Brookfield, [[Illinois]].
* [[July 10]] &ndash; German [[Social Democrat]] and author [[Erich Mühsam]] is killed in [[Oranienburg]] [[concentration camp]].
* [[July 17]] &ndash; The [[North Dakota]] Supreme Court declares Lieutenant Governor [[Ole H. Olson]] the legitimate governor and tells [[William Langer]] to resign. Langer proceeds to declare North Dakota independent. He revokes the declaration after the Supreme Court justices meet him.
* [[July 22]] &ndash; Outside [[Chicago]]'s Biograph Theatre, "Public Enemy No. 1" [[John Dillinger]] is mortally wounded by [[FBI]] agents.
* [[July 25]] &ndash; Austrian [[Nazism|Nazis]] assassinate chancellor [[Engelbert Dollfuss]] during a failed coup attempt.

=== August ===
[[File:Alcatraz Island.jpg|thumb|150px|right| [[August 11]]: [[Alcatraz Island]] becomes a federal prison.]]
* [[August 2]] &ndash; [[Adolf Hitler]] becomes ''[[Führer]]'' of [[Germany]], or head of state combined with that of Chancellor following the death of President [[Paul von Hindenburg]].
* [[August 8]] &ndash; The [[Wehrmacht]] swears a personal oath of loyalty to [[Adolf Hitler]].
* [[August 11]] &ndash; The first civilian prisoners arrive at [[Alcatraz Federal Penitentiary]] in [[San Francisco Bay]].
* [[August 13]] &ndash; The [[comic strip]] ''[[Li'l Abner]]'' is first published in U.S. newspapers.
* [[August 19]]
** In a referendum, 90% of the German population approves of Hitler's assumption of [[president of Germany|presidential powers]] as [[Führer|Führer and Reichskanzler]].
** The first All-American [[Soap Box Derby]] is held in [[Dayton, Ohio]].
* [[August 25]] &ndash; Anti-union vigilantes seize the town of [[McGuffey, Ohio]], during the [[Hardin County onion pickers strike]].

=== September ===
[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 102-16196, Nürnberg, Reichsparteitag, SA- und SS-Appell.jpg|thumb|150px|right|[[Nuremberg Rally]] of 1934]]
* [[September 5]]–[[September 10|10]] &ndash; 8th [[Nuremberg Rally]] staged by the German [[Nazi Party]].
* [[September 8]] &ndash; Off the [[New Jersey]] coast, a fire aboard the passenger liner [[SS Morro Castle (1930)|S.S. Morro Castle]] kills 134 people.
* [[September 19]]
** The [[Soviet Union]] joins the [[League of Nations]].
** [[Bruno Richard Hauptmann]] is arrested in connection with the [[Lindbergh kidnapping]] case in the U.S.
* [[September 21]] &ndash; A [[Tropical cyclone|typhoon]] in [[Honshū]], [[Japan]] kills 3,036 people, and destroys the temple, schools, and other buildings in [[Osaka]].
* [[September 22]] &ndash; A [[gas explosion]] at [[Gresford Disaster|Gresford]] Colliery in [[Wrexham]], north-east [[Wales]] kills 266 miners and rescuers, one of Britain's worst coal mining disasters.
* [[September 28]]
** [[Afghanistan]] joins the [[League of Nations]].
** A trial for the custody of ten year old [[Gloria Vanderbilt]] begins; it lasts seven weeks and ends with a compromise.
* [[September 29]] &ndash; [[Stanley Matthews]] makes his [[England national football team]] debut, beginning a record 23-year international career.

=== October ===
* [[October 2]] &ndash; A [[tornado]] in [[Osaka]] and [[Kyoto]] kills 1,660, injures 5,400, and destroys the rice harvest.
* [[October 5]] &ndash; [[Asturian miners' strike of 1934]]: Miners rebel in [[Asturias]], [[Spain]].
* [[October 6]] &ndash; [[Catalonia]]n [[separatism|separatists]] rebel in [[Spain]].
* [[October 9]] &ndash; King [[Alexander I of Yugoslavia|Alexander of Yugoslavia]] and French foreign minister [[Louis Barthou]] are assassinated during the king's state visit in [[Marseilles]].
* [[October 16]] &ndash; The [[Long March]] of the [[Peoples Liberation Army|Red Army]] of the [[Communist Party of China]] begins.
* [[October 22]] &ndash; [[Pretty Boy Floyd|Charles Arthur "Pretty Boy" Floyd]] is shot and killed by FBI agents near East Liverpool, Ohio.

=== November ===
* [[November 13]] &ndash; The Italian government decrees that teachers must wear a military or party uniform in a class.
* [[November 21]]
** The [[Marylebone Cricket Club]] makes an ultimately controversial decision to alter the [[leg before wicket]] (lbw) rule so a batsman can be lbw to a ball pitching outside off stump. The change is later blamed for many problems developing during the 1950s, primarily negative bowling outside leg stump to a field of short-leg fieldsmen.
** [[Cole Porter]]'s musical ''[[Anything Goes]]'', starring [[Ethel Merman]], premieres in [[New York City]].
* [[November 23]] &ndash; An Anglo-Ethiopian boundary commission in the [[Ogaden]] discovers an Italian garrison at [[Walwal]], which lays well within [[Ethiopia]]n territory. This encounter leads to the [[Abyssinia Crisis]].
* [[November 26]] &ndash; [[Universal Pictures]] releases the first film version of [[Fannie Hurst]]'s novel, ''[[Imitation of Life (novel)|Imitation of Life]]'', starring [[Claudette Colbert]] and [[Louise Beavers]]. It gives Beavers, usually featured in small roles as a maid, her best screen role, and features the largest supporting role played by a black person in a [[Hollywood]] film up until then. Its storyline partially revolves around a young [[mulatto]] girl rejecting her mother and trying to "pass for white", the first Hollywood film to deal with this subject seriously.
* [[November 27]]
** A running gun battle between [[FBI]] agents and bank robber [[Baby Face Nelson]] results in the deaths of Nelson, and FBI agents [[Herman Hollis]] and [[Samuel P. Cowley]].
** [[Daniel Salamanca Urey]], [[President of Bolivia]], is deposed in a military coup and replaced by [[José Luis Tejada Sorzano]].

=== December ===
* [[December 1]]
** In the [[Soviet Union]], [[Politburo]] member [[Sergei Kirov]] is shot and killed at the [[Communist Party of the Soviet Union|Communist Party]] headquarters in [[Saint Petersburg|Leningrad]] by [[Leonid Nikolaev]] (it is widely thought that Soviet leader [[Joseph Stalin]] ordered this murder).
** In [[Mexico]], [[Lázaro Cárdenas]] is inaugurated as President of that country.
* [[December 5]] &ndash; [[Abyssinia Crisis]]: Ethiopian and Italian troops exchange gunfire. Reported casualties for the Ethiopians are 150, and for the Italians 50.
* [[December 18]] &ndash; A low-key [[fascism|fascist]] conference is held in [[Moreaux]].
* [[December 24]] &ndash; Actor [[Lionel Barrymore]] begins what will become an annual tradition of the [[Golden Age of Radio]] &ndash; playing the role of [[Ebenezer Scrooge]] in dramatizations of [[Charles Dickens]]'s ''[[A Christmas Carol]]''. Barrymore continues playing Scrooge on radio until shortly before his death in [[1954]]. He will also make a 78-RPM record album of the classic story, which will later be released on [[LP album|LP]].
* [[December 27]] &ndash; Persia becomes [[Iran]].
* [[December 29]] &ndash; [[Japan]] renounces the [[Washington Naval Treaty]] of 1922 and the [[London Naval Treaty]] of 1930.

=== Date unknown ===
* The [[NKVD]] (Peoples Commissariat for Internal Affairs) of the [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic]] becomes the all-union security force of the [[Soviet Union]].
* [[Abidjan]] becomes the capital of the [[France|French]] colony of [[Côte d'Ivoire]].
* The [[United States Marine Corps]] leaves [[Haiti]].
* The [[United States Congress]] makes the [[Philippines]] a self-governing commonwealth and schedules independence for [[1944]]. Sugar imports are reduced and immigration is limited to 50 [[Filipino people]] per year.
* In [[Australia]] the [[Australian frontier wars]] end after 146 years.
* The "British Committee for Relations with Other Countries", which will become the [[British Council]], is set up to foster cultural relations.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.britishcouncil.org/history-when-1930s-1940s.htm|title=1930s and 1940s|publisher=British Council|accessdate=2011-02-17}}</ref>
* International Union of National Tourist [[Propaganda]] Organizations (IUNTPO) established.
* The [[sonoluminescence]] effect is discovered at the [[University of Cologne]].
* The [[Quintette du Hot Club de France]] is established and produces two of the most famous [[jazz]] instrumental icons [[Stéphane Grappelli]] and [[Django Reinhardt]].
* The greatest building boom in [[United Kingdom|British]] history was getting underway. The 1930s building boom saw many millions of new homes built around the country, with vast new estates in most cities, epitomised by houses featuring ubiquitous rounded bay windows.
*The first ever National Beta Club was created in Landrum, South Carolina, by Dr. John W. Harris

== Births ==

=== January&ndash;February ===
* [[January 1]] &ndash; [[George D. Behrakis]], Greek American philanthropist
* [[January 5]] &ndash; [[Eddy Pieters Graafland]], Dutch football goalkeeper
* [[January 7]] &ndash; [[Charles Jenkins Sr.|Charles Jenkins]], American sprinter
* [[January 8]] &ndash; [[Piet Dankert]], Dutch politician (d. [[2003]])
* [[January 9]] &ndash; [[Bart Starr]], American football player
* [[January 11]] &ndash; [[Jean Chrétien]], [[Prime Minister of Canada]]
* [[January 12]] &ndash; [[Mick Sullivan]], English rugby league footballer
* [[January 13]] &ndash; [[Rip Taylor]], American comedian
* [[January 14]] &ndash; [[Richard Briers]], English actor (d. [[2013]])
* [[January 16]] &ndash; [[Marilyn Horne]], American mezzo-soprano
* [[January 17]] &ndash; [[Cedar Walton]], jazz pianist (d. [[2013]])
* [[January 18]] &ndash; [[Raymond Briggs]], British writer and illustrator
* [[January 20]]
** [[Tom Baker]], British actor
** [[Dave Hull]], American former radio personality
* [[January 21]] &ndash; [[Ann Wedgeworth]], American actress
* [[January 22]]
** [[Bill Bixby]], American actor and director (d. [[1993]])
** [[Graham Kerr]], British television personality
** [[Nolan Strong]], Detroit doo-wop singer with The Diablos
* [[January 23]] &ndash; [[Lou Antonio]], American actor and director
* [[January 24]] &ndash; [[Stanisław Grochowiak]], Polish poet and dramatist (d. [[1976]])
* [[January 30]] &ndash; [[Tammy Grimes]], American actress
* [[February 5]] &ndash; [[Hank Aaron]], African-American baseball player
* [[February 7]]
**[[Eddie Fenech Adami]], 7th President and 10th Prime Minister of Malta
**[[Earl King]], American musician (d. [[2003]])
* [[February 10]] &ndash; [[Fleur Adcock]], New Zealand poet
* [[February 11]]
** [[Tina Louise]], American actress
** [[Mary Quant]], British fashion designer
** [[John Surtees]], British race car driver
* [[February 12]]
** [[Anne O. Krueger|Anne Krueger]], American economist
** [[Bill Russell (basketball)|Bill Russell]], American basketball player
* [[February 13]] &ndash; [[George Segal]], American actor
* [[February 14]]
** [[Michel Corboz]], Swiss conductor
** [[Florence Henderson]], American actress (''The Brady Bunch'')
* [[February 15]] &ndash; [[Niklaus Wirth]], Swiss computer scientist
* [[February 16]] &ndash; [[Kalin Twins|Harold "Hal" & Herbert "Herbie" Kalin]], American singers (The Kalin Twins) (d. [[2005]] and [[2006]], respectively)
* [[February 17]]
** Sir [[Alan Bates]], British actor (d. [[2003]])
** [[Barry Humphries]], Australian actor and comedian
* [[February 18]] &ndash; [[Ronald F. Marryott]], American admiral (d. [[2005]])
* [[February 20]] &ndash; [[Bobby Unser]], American race car driver
* [[February 21]] &ndash; [[Rue McClanahan]], American actress (d. [[2010]])
* [[February 22]]
** [[Sparky Anderson]], American baseball manager (d. [[2010]])
** [[Van Williams]], American actor
* [[February 23]] &ndash; [[Augusto Algueró]], Spanish composer (d. [[2011]])
* [[February 24]]
** [[Bettino Craxi]], [[Prime Minister of Italy]] (d. [[2000]])
** [[Renata Scotto]], Italian soprano
** [[Bingu wa Mutharika]], Malawian President and economist (d. [[2012]])
* [[February 27]]
** [[Vincent Fourcade]], French-born interior designer and socialite (d. [[1992]])
** [[Ralph Nader]], American consumer activist and presidential candidate

=== March&ndash;April ===
* [[March 1]]
** [[Jean-Michel Folon]], Belgian sculptor (d. [[2005]])
** [[Joan Hackett]], American actress (d. [[1983]])
* [[March 4]]
** [[Mario Davidovsky]], Argentinian composer
** [[John Duffey]], American bluegrass musician (d. [[1996]])
** [[Anne Haney]], American actress (d. [[2001]])
** [[Barbara McNair]], African-American singer and actress (d. [[2007]])
** [[Janez Strnad]], Slovenian physicist
* [[March 5]]
** [[Daniel Kahneman]], Israeli economist, [[Nobel Prize in Economics|Nobel Prize]] laureate
** [[Nicholas Smith (actor)|Nicholas Smith]], English actor
* [[March 7]]
** [[Franklin Clarke]], American football player
** [[Willard Scott]], American television weather reporter
* [[March 9]]
** [[Del Close]], American actor, improviser, writer, and teacher (d. [[1999]])
** [[Yuri Gagarin]], Russian cosmonaut, first man in space (d. [[1968]])
** [[Joyce Van Patten]], American actress
* [[March 11]] &ndash; [[Sam Donaldson]], American reporter
* [[March 13]] &ndash; [[Barry Hughart]], American author
* [[March 14]]
** [[Eugene Cernan]], American astronaut
** [[Paul Rader]], General of The Salvation Army
* [[March 16]]
** [[Ray Hnatyshyn]], [[Governor-General of Canada]] (d. [[2002]])
** [[Richard Layard, Baron Layard]], British economist
* [[March 20]] &ndash; [[Willie Lewis Brown, Jr.|Willie Brown]], Mayor of San Francisco, California
* [[March 22]]
** [[Orrin Hatch]], U.S. Senator from Utah
** [[Larry Martyn]], British comic actor (d. [[1994]])
* [[March 23]] &ndash; [[Mark Rydell]], American actor and director
* [[March 25]] &ndash; [[Gloria Steinem]], American feminist
* [[March 26]] &ndash; [[Alan Arkin]], American actor
* [[March 31]]
** [[Richard Chamberlain]], American actor
** [[Shirley Jones]], American singer and actress
** [[Carlo Rubbia]], Italian physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate
** [[Orion Samuelson]], American television personality
* [[April 1]]
** [[Don Hastings]], American actor
** [[Rod Kanehl]], American baseball player (d. [[2004]])
** [[Vladimir Posner]], Russian journalist
* [[April 2]]
** [[Paul Avery]], American journalist (d. [[2000]])
** [[Paul Joseph Cohen]], American mathematician
** [[Brian Glover]], British actor and wrestler (d. [[1997]])
* [[April 3]] &ndash; [[Jane Goodall]], British zoologist
* [[April 5]] &ndash; [[Roman Herzog]], former President of Germany
* [[April 6]] &ndash; [[Anton Geesink]], Dutch 10th-dan judoka (d. [[2010]])
* [[April 9]] &ndash; [[Bill Birch]], New Zealand politician
* [[April 11]] &ndash; [[Mark Strand]], Canadian-born American poet
* [[April 18]] &ndash; [[James Drury]], American actor
* [[April 24]]
** [[Jayakanthan]], Tamil writer
** [[Shirley MacLaine]], American actress, dancer, writer
* [[April 25]]
** [[Peter McParland]], Irish footballer
** [[Denny Miller]], American actor (''Wagon Train'')
* [[April 29]]
** [[Pedro Pires|Pedro Verona Rodrigues Pires]], [[President of Cape Verde]]
** [[Otis Rush]], American musician
** [[Akira Takarada]], Japanese actor

=== May&ndash;June ===
* [[May 3]] &ndash; [[Henry Cooper (boxer)|Henry Cooper]], British boxer
* [[May 6]] &ndash; [[Richard Shelby]], U. S. senator from Alabama
* [[May 9]] &ndash; [[Alan Bennett]], British actor and writer
* [[May 13]] &ndash; [[Leon Wagner]], American baseball player (d. [[2004]])
* [[May 15]] &ndash; [[George Roper]], British comedian (d. [[2003]])
* [[May 18]] &ndash; [[Dwayne Hickman]], American actor
* [[May 19]] &ndash; [[Jim Lehrer]], American television journalist
* [[May 21]] &ndash; [[Bengt I. Samuelsson]], Swedish biochemist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]]
* [[May 22]] &ndash; [[Peter Nero]], American pianist
* [[May 23]] &ndash; [[Robert Moog]], American inventor of the synthesizer (d. [[2005]])
* [[May 24]] &ndash; [[Barry Rose]], British choir director and organist
* [[May 27]] &ndash; [[Harlan Ellison]], American writer
* [[May 28]] &ndash; [[Dionne quintuplets]], Canadian quintuplets
* [[May 29]] &ndash; [[Nanette Newman]], English actress and author
* [[May 30]] &ndash; [[Aleksei Leonov]], Russian cosmonaut
* [[June 1]]
** [[Pat Boone]], American actor and singer
** [[Ken Rex McElroy]], American criminal (d. [[1981]])
* [[June 3]] &ndash; [[Rolland D. McCune]], American theologian
* [[June 4]]
** Dame [[Monica Dacon]], Saint Vincent and the Grenadines schoolteacher, educator and politician
** Dame [[Daphne Sheldrick]], Kenyan conservationist and author
* [[June 5]] &ndash; [[Bill Moyers]], American journalist
* [[June 6]] &ndash; King [[Albert II of Belgium]]
* [[June 16]]
** Dame [[Eileen Atkins]], British actress
** [[William Forsyth Sharpe]], American economist, [[Nobel Prize in Economics|Nobel Prize]] laureate
* [[June 20]] &ndash; [[Samuel Zoll]], Massachusetts jurist (d. [[2011]])
* [[June 25]] &ndash; [[Beatriz Sheridan]], Mexican actress and director (d. [[2006]])
* [[June 26]] &ndash; [[Jeremy Wolfenden]], British journalist (d. [[1965]])
* [[June 28]] &ndash; [[Carl Levin]], United States Senator
* [[June 30]] &ndash; [[Harry Blackstone Jr.]], American magician (d. [[1997]])

=== July&ndash;August ===
* [[July 1]]
** [[Jamie Farr]], American actor
** [[Jean Marsh]], British actress
** [[Sydney Pollack]], American film director (d. [[2008]])
* [[July 10]] &ndash; [[Jerry Nelson]], American puppeteer (d. [[2012]])
* [[July 11]] &ndash; [[Giorgio Armani]], Italian fashion designer
* [[July 12]] &ndash; [[Van Cliburn]], American pianist (d. [[2013]])
* [[July 13]]
** [[Wole Soyinka]], Nigerian writer, [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel Prize]] laureate
** [[Aleksei Yeliseyev]], Russian cosmonaut
* [[July 14]] &ndash; [[John Tyndall (politician)|John Tyndall]], British politician (d. [[2005]])
* [[July 15]] &ndash; [[Harrison Birtwistle]], British composer
* [[July 21]] &ndash; [[Jonathan Miller]], British theatre director
* [[July 24]] &ndash; [[P. S. Soosaithasan]], Sri Lankan Tamil politician
* [[July 25]] &ndash; Luang Por [[Sumedho]], [[Theravada]] Buddhist representative in the West
* [[July 28]] &ndash; [[Bud Luckey]], an American voice actor and [[Pixar]] animator
* [[July 30]] &ndash; [[Bud Selig]], American [[Major League Baseball]] commissioner
* [[August 2]] &ndash; [[Valery Bykovsky]], Russian cosmonaut
* [[August 3]] &ndash; [[Jonas Savimbi]], Angolan political and rebel leader (d. [[2002]])
* [[August 4]] &ndash; [[Dallas Green (baseball)|Dallas Green]], American baseball manager and executive
* [[August 5]]
** [[Wendell Berry]], American novelist, essayist, poet
** [[Gay Byrne]], Irish broadcaster
* [[August 6]] &ndash; [[Billy Boston]], Welsh rugby league footballer
* [[August 10]] &ndash; [[James Tenney]], American experimental composer (d. [[2006]])
* [[August 15]] &ndash; [[Nino Ferrer]], French singer (d. [[1998]])
* [[August 16]]
** [[Donnie Dunagan]], American actor
** [[Ed van Thijn]], Dutch politician
** [[Diana Wynne Jones]], British writer (d. [[2011]])
* [[August 18]]
** [[Vincent Bugliosi]], American prosecutor and author
** [[Roberto Clemente]], Puerto Rican [[Major League Baseball]] player (d. [[1972]])
* [[August 19]] &ndash; [[Renée Richards]], American transsexual physician and tennis player
* [[August 20]]
** [[Armi Kuusela]], [[Miss Universe 1952]]
** [[Tom Mangold]], British journalist and author
* [[August 22]] &ndash; [[Norman Schwarzkopf]], U.S. Army general (d. [[2012]])
* [[August 23]]
** [[Barbara Eden]], American actress
** [[Sonny Jurgensen]], American football player
* [[August 25]]
** [[Eddie Ilarde]], Filipino broadcaster and politician
** [[Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani|Ayatollah Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani]], former [[President of Iran]]
* [[August 26]] &ndash; [[Tom Heinsohn]], American baseketball player, coach, and broadcaster
* [[August 30]]
** [[Helen Craig]], English children's author, illustrator (''[[Angelina Ballerina]]'')
** [[Anatoli Solonitsyn]], Russian actor (d. [[1982]])

=== September&ndash;October ===
* [[September 2]]
** [[Dominic Chianese]], American actor
** [[Grady Nutt]], American humorist (d. 1982)
* [[September 4]]
** [[Clive Granger]], Welsh-born economist, [[Nobel Prize in Economics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[2009]])
** [[Eduard Khil]], Russian baritone singer ("[[Eduard Khil|Trololo]]") (d. [[2012]])
* [[September 7]] &ndash; [[Little Milton]], American musician
* [[September 8]] &ndash; [[Peter Maxwell Davies]], English composer
* [[September 10]] &ndash; [[Charles Kuralt]], American journalist (d. [[1997]])
* [[September 15]] &ndash; [[Fred Nile]], Australian Christian politician
* [[September 16]]
** [[Elgin Baylor]], American basketball player and executive
** [[Ronnie Drew]], Irish singer with [[The Dubliners]] band (d. [[2008]])
* [[September 17]]
** [[Maureen Connolly]], American tennis player (d. [[1969]])
** [[Binoy Majumdar]], Indian [[Hungryalist]] poet
* [[September 19]] &ndash; [[Brian Epstein]], English manager of [[the Beatles]] (d. [[1967]])
* [[September 20]]
** [[Takayuki Kubota]], martial artist and founder of the [[Gosoku-ryu]] style of karate
** [[Sophia Loren]], Italian actress
* [[September 21]] &ndash; [[Leonard Cohen]], Canadian poet, novelist and singer/songwriter
* [[September 22]] &ndash; [[Lute Olson]], American basketball coach
* [[September 23]] &ndash; [[Ahmad Shah Khan]], Crown Prince of Afghanistan
* [[September 24]]
** [[Tommy Anderson (footballer)|Tommy Anderson]], Scottish footballer
** [[Robert Lang (actor)|Robert Lang]], English stage and television actor (d. [[2004]])
* [[September 27]]
** [[Beverly Armstrong]], American female professional baseball player
** [[Wilford Brimley]], American actor
* [[September 28]] &ndash; [[Brigitte Bardot]], French actress, animal rights activist
* [[September 30]]
** [[Alan A'Court]], English footballer (d. [[2009]])
** [[Anna Kashfi]], Welsh actress
* [[October 1]]
** [[Chuck Hiller]], American baseball player (d. [[2004]])
** [[Shakeb Jalali]], Urdu [[poet]] (d. [[1966]])
* [[October 2]] &ndash; [[Earl Wilson (baseball)|Earl Wilson]], baseball player (d. [[2005]])
* [[October 3]] &ndash; [[Harold Henning]], South African golfer (d. [[2004]])
* [[October 4]] &ndash; [[Sam Huff]], American football player
* [[October 7]] &ndash; [[Amiri Baraka]], African-American poet, playwright and activist (d. [[2014]])
* [[October 9]]
** [[Jill Ker Conway]], Australian-born author
** [[Abdullah Ibrahim]], South African pianist and composer
* [[October 13]] &ndash; [[Nana Mouskouri]], Greek singer
* [[October 17]] &ndash; [[Rico Rodriguez (musician)|Rico Rodriguez]], Jamaican trombonist
* [[October 18]] &ndash; [[Chuck Swindoll]], American evangelist
* [[October 20]]
** [[Michael Dunn (actor)|Michael Dunn]], a.k.a. Gary Neil Miller, dwarf American actor and singer (d. [[1973]])
** [[Charles S. Liebman]] American-Israeli political scientist and author (d. [[2003]])
* [[October 30]]
** [[Frans Brüggen]], Dutch flutist, recorder player and conductor
** [[Hamilton Camp]], English-American actor (d. [[2005]])

=== November&ndash;December ===
* [[November 1]] &ndash; [[Umberto Agnelli]], Swiss-born automobile executive (d. [[2004]])
* [[November 6]] &ndash; [[Barton Myers]], American/Canadian architect
* [[November 7]] &ndash; [[Jackie Joseph]], American actress
* [[November 9]] &ndash; [[Carl Sagan]], American astronomer and writer (d. [[1996]])
* [[November 10]] &ndash; [[Joanna Moore]], American actress (d. [[1997]])
* [[November 12]] &ndash; [[Charles Manson]], American cult leader and criminal
* [[November 13]] &ndash; [[John Gowans]], General of The Salvation Army
* [[November 15]] &ndash; [[Irén Pavlics]], [[Slovenes|Slovene]] author in [[Hungary]]
* [[November 17]] &ndash; [[Jim Inhofe]], United States Senator
* [[November 21]] &ndash; [[Laurence Luckinbill]], American actor
* [[November 24]] &ndash; [[Alfred Schnittke]], Volga German composer (d. [[1998]])
* [[November 27]]
** [[Ammo Baba]], Assyrian soccer player
** [[Gilbert Strang]], American mathematician
* [[November 30]] &ndash; [[Lansana Conte]], [[President of Guinea]] (d. [[2008]])
* [[December 2]] &ndash; [[Andre Rodgers]], American baseball player (d. [[2004]])
* [[December 3]] &ndash; [[Viktor Gorbatko]], Russian cosmonaut
* [[December 4]]
** [[Victor French]], American actor and director (d. [[1989]])
** [[Wink Martindale]], American game show host and disc jockey
* [[December 5]] &ndash; [[Joan Didion]], American novelist
* [[December 6]] &ndash; [[Nick Bockwinkel]], American professional wrestler
* [[December 9]]
** Dame [[Judi Dench]], British actress
** [[Junior Wells]], American harmonica player (d. [[1998]])
* [[December 10]] &ndash; [[Howard Martin Temin]], American geneticist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (d. [[1994]])
* [[December 18]] &ndash; [[Boris Volynov]], Russian cosmonaut
* [[December 19]]
** [[Aki Aleong]], Trinidad and Tobago actor
** [[Al Kaline]], American baseball player
** [[Rudi Carrell]], Dutch singer and entertainer (d. [[2006]])
** [[Pratibha Patil]], [[President of India]]
* [[December 24]] &ndash; [[Stjepan Mesic]], former [[President of Croatia]]
* [[December 27]] &ndash; [[Larisa Latynina]], Russian gymnast
* [[December 28]]
** Dame [[Maggie Smith]], British actress
** [[Yujiro Ishihara]], Japanese actor (d. [[1987]])
* [[December 29]] &ndash; [[Ed Flanders]], American actor (d. [[1995]])
* [[December 30]]
** [[John N. Bahcall|John Norris Bahcall]], American astrophysicist (d. [[2005]])
** [[Joseph P. Hoar]], U.S. Marine commander
** [[Del Shannon]], American singer (''Runaway'') (d. [[1990]])
** [[Russ Tamblyn]], American film and television actor

==Deaths==

=== January&ndash;March ===
* [[January 6]] &ndash; [[Herbert Chapman]], English football manager (b. [[1878]])
* [[January 10]] &ndash; [[Marinus van der Lubbe]], Dutch communist accused of setting fire to the Reichstag (executed) (b. [[1909]])
* [[January 29]] &ndash; [[Fritz Haber]], German chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (b. [[1868]])
* [[February 13]] &ndash; [[József Pusztai]] [[Slovenes|slovene]] writer, poet, journalist in [[Hungary]] (b. [[1864]])
* [[February 17]] &ndash; King [[Albert I of Belgium]] (b. [[1875]])
* [[February 23]] &ndash; [[Edward Elgar]], English composer (b. [[1857]])
* [[February 25]] &ndash; [[John McGraw]], American baseball manager and [[MLB Hall of Fame]]r (b. [[1873]])
* [[March 1]] &ndash; [[Charles Webster Leadbeater]], English author and Theosophist (b.[[1854]])
* [[March 15]] &ndash; [[Davidson Black]], Canadian-born paleoanthropologist (b.[[1884]])
* [[March 20]]
** [[Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont]], Dutch Queen and regent (b.[[1858]])
** [[Sydney Deane]], Australian cricketer and actor (b. [[1863]])
* [[March 21]] &ndash; [[Lilyan Tashman]], American actress (b. [[1896]])
* [[March 28]] &ndash; [[Mahmoud Mokhtar]], Egyptian sculptor (b. [[1891]])
* [[March 29]] &ndash; [[Otto Hermann Kahn]], German-born philanthropist (b. [[1867]])
* [[March 30]] &ndash; [[Ronald Munro Ferguson]], Scottish politician, former Governor-General of Australia (b. [[1860]])

=== April&ndash;June ===
* [[April 11]] &ndash; [[Gerald du Maurier]], British actor (b. [[1873]])
* [[April 15]] &ndash; [[Karl Dane]], Danish actor (b. [[1886]])
* [[April 27]] &ndash; [[Joe Vila]], American sportswriter (b. [[1866]])
* [[May 17]] &ndash; [[Cass Gilbert]], American architect (b. [[1859]])
* [[May 21]] &ndash; [[Lew Cody]], American actor (b. [[1884]])
* [[May 23]]
** [[Clyde Barrow]], American outlaw (shot) (b. [[1910]])
** [[Bonnie Parker]], American outlaw (shot) (b. [[1910]])
* [[May 25]] &ndash; [[Gustav Holst]], English composer (b. [[1874]])
* [[May 30]] &ndash; [[Togo Heihachiro]], Japanese admiral (b. [[1848]])
* [[June 8]] &ndash; [[Dorothy Dell]], American actress (b. [[1915]])
* [[June 10]] &ndash; [[Frederick Delius]], English composer (b. [[1862]])
* [[June 11]] &ndash; [[Lev Vygotsky]], Russian developmental psychologist (b. [[1896]])
* [[June 20]] &ndash; [[Andrew Jackson Zilker]], American philanthropist (b. [[1858]])
* [[June 27]] &ndash; [[Francesco Buhagiar]], 2nd Prime Minister of Malta (b. [[1876]])
* [[June 30]] &ndash; Murdered during the [[Night of the Long Knives]]:
**[[Fritz Gerlich]], German journalist (b. [[1883]])
**[[Gustav von Kahr]], German politician (b. [[1862]])
** [[Karl Ernst]], Nazi SA leader in [[Berlin]] (b. [[1904]])
** [[Edmund Heines]], Deputy SA leader (b. [[1897]])
** [[Gregor Strasser]], German politician, early Nazi leader (b. [[1892]])
** [[Kurt von Schleicher]], [[Chancellor of Germany (German Reich)|Chancellor of Germany]] (b. [[1882]])

=== July–September ===
* [[July 2]] – [[Ernst Röhm]], Nazi SA Leader (b. [[1887]])
* [[July 4]]
** [[Marie Curie]], Polish-born scientist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry]] and [[Nobel Prize in Physics|physics]] (b. [[1867]])
** [[Hayyim Nahman Bialik]] The Israel's national poet (b. [[1873]])
* [[July 8]] – [[Benjamin Baillaud]], French astronomer (b. [[1848]])
* [[July 13]] – [[Kate Sheppard]], New Zealand Women's suffrage for voting (b. [[1848]])
* [[July 15]] – [[Louis F. Gottschalk]], American composer (b. [[1864]])
* [[July 18]] – [[Sy Sanborn]], American sportswriter (b. [[1866]])
* [[July 22]] – [[John Dillinger]], American criminal (b. [[1903]])
* [[July 25]]
** [[François Coty]], French perfume manufacturer (b. [[1874]])
** [[Engelbert Dollfuss]], [[Chancellor of Austria]] (assassinated) (b. [[1892]])
** [[Nestor Makhno]], Ukrainian anarchist (b. [[1889]])
* [[July 26]] – [[Winsor McCay]], American comic creator and animator (b. [[1871]])
* [[July 27]] – [[Hubert Lyautey]], Marshal of France (b. [[1854]])
* [[July 28]]
** [[Marie Dressler]], Canadian actress (b. [[1868]])
** [[Louis Tancred]], South African cricketer (b. [[1876]])
** [[Edith Yorke]], English actress (b. [[1867]])
* [[August 2]] – [[Paul von Hindenburg]], German general and politician (b. [[1847]])
* [[August 8]] - [[Wilbert Robinson]], American baseball manager and [[MLB Hall of Fame]]r (b. [[1863]])
* [[August 9]] – [[Alfred Steux]], Belgian road racing cyclist (b. [[1892]])
* [[August 10]] – [[George W. Hill]], American director (b. [[1895]])
* [[August 13]] – [[Mary Hunter Austin]], American writer of fiction and non-fiction (b. [[1868]])
* [[August 14]] – [[Raymond Hood]], American architect (b. [[1881]])
* [[August 17]] – [[Charlotte Gilman]], noted American poet and playwright (b. [[1860]])
* [[September 2]]
** [[Russ Columbo]], American singer and actor (b. [[1908]])
** [[Alcide Nunez]], American musician (b. [[1884]])
* [[September 9]] – [[Roger Fry]], British artist (b. [[1866]])

=== October&ndash;December ===
* [[October 5]] &ndash; [[Jean Vigo]], French film director (b. [[1905]])
* [[October 9]] &ndash; [[Alexander I of Yugoslavia]], King of Yugoslavia (b. [[1888]])
* [[October 12]] &ndash; [[Willy Clarkson]], English costume designer and wigmaker (b. [[1861]])
* [[October 15]] &ndash; [[Raymond Poincaré]], French President (b. [[1860]])
* [[October 17]] &ndash; [[Santiago Ramón y Cajal]], Spanish histologist and neuroscientist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (b. [[1852]])
* [[October 22]] &ndash; [[Pretty Boy Floyd]], American bank robber (b. [[1904]])
* [[October 29]] &ndash; [[Lou Tellegen]], Dutch actor (b. [[1881]])
* [[November 2]] &ndash; [[Edmond James de Rothschild]], French philanthropist (b. [[1845]])
* [[November 10]] &ndash; [[Ion Farris]], American politician, former [[Speaker of the Florida House of Representatives]] (b. [[1878]])
* [[November 16]] &ndash; [[Alice Liddell]], English schoolgirl, inspiration for ''[[Alice's Adventures in Wonderland]]'' (b. [[1852]])
* [[November 22]] &ndash; [[Harry Steppe]], American vaudeville performer (b. [[1888]])
* [[November 27]] &ndash; [[Baby Face Nelson]], American gangster (b. [[1908]])
* [[November 30]] &ndash; [[Hélène Boucher]], French aviatrix (b. [[1908]])
* [[December 1]] &ndash; [[Sergei Kirov]], Soviet politician (b. [[1886]])
* [[December 6]] &ndash; [[Duke Charles Michael of Mecklenburg]], head of the [[House of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]] (b. [[1863]])
* [[December 22]] &ndash; [[Wallace Thurman]], American writer (b. [[1902]])
* [[December 28]] &ndash; [[Lowell Sherman]], American actor and director (b. [[1885]])

== Nobel Prizes ==
[[File:Nobel medal.png|right|100px]]
* [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Physics]] &ndash; Not awarded this year
* [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Chemistry]] &ndash; [[Harold Clayton Urey]]
* [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Physiology or Medicine]] &ndash; [[George Hoyt Whipple]], [[George Richards Minot]], [[William Parry Murphy]]
* [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Literature]] &ndash; [[Luigi Pirandello]]
* [[Nobel Peace Prize|Peace]] &ndash; [[Arthur Henderson]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
* [http://xroads.virginia.edu/~1930s2/Time/1934/1934fr.html The 1930s Timeline: 1934] &ndash; from American Studies Programs at The University of Virginia

{{DEFAULTSORT:1934}}
[[Category:1934| ]]
[[Category:1934| ]]

Revision as of 19:11, 31 January 2014

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