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{{Short description|English ironmaster and Quaker (1711–1763)}}
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'''Abraham Darby II''' (12 May 1711 – 31 March 1763) was the second Abraham Darby in three generations of an [[England|English]] [[Religious Society of Friends|Quaker]] family that played a role in the period leading up to the [[Industrial Revolution]].
{{Use British English|date=February 2018}}
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'''Abraham Darby''', in his lifetime called '''Abraham Darby the Younger''', referred to for convenience as '''Abraham Darby II''' (12 May 1711 – 31 March 1763) was the second man of that name in an [[England|English]] [[Religious Society of Friends|Quaker]] family that played an important role in the early years of the [[Industrial Revolution]].


==Life==
He was born in Coalbrookdale, Shropshire to [[Abraham Darby I|Abraham]] and Mary (née Sergeant) Darby.
Darby was born in [[Coalbrookdale]], Shropshire to [[Abraham Darby I|Abraham]] and Mary (née Sergeant).


He followed in his father's footsteps in the Darby [[foundry]] business in [[Coalbrookdale]], producing [[cast iron]] cooking pots, kettles, and other goods. The [[Coalbrookdale Company]] also played an important role in using [[iron]] to replace the more expensive [[brass]] for cylinders for [[Thomas Newcomen]]'s [[Newcomen engine|steam engine]]s.
He followed in his father's footsteps ([[Abraham Darby I]]) in the Darby [[foundry]] business in Coalbrookdale, producing [[cast iron]] cooking pots, kettles, and other goods. The [[Coalbrookdale Company]] also played an important role in using [[iron]] to replace the more expensive [[brass]] for cylinders for [[Thomas Newcomen]]'s [[Newcomen engine|steam engine]]s.


He and his partners were responsible for a very important innovation in introducing the use of [[coke (fuel)|coke]] [[pig iron]] as the feedstock for [[finery forge]]s. This formed a significant part of the output of [[Horsehay]] and [[Ketley]] Furnaces, which they built in the late 1750s. His [[Abraham Darby I|father]]'s successful use of coke pig iron as foundry feedstock, and his own success in using it as forge feedstock were two of the steps towards the industrial revolution for the iron industry, but the final breakthrough that permitted the great expansion of iron production that constitutes the industrial revolution for it came later.
He and his partners were responsible for a very important innovation in introducing the use of [[coke (fuel)|coke]] [[pig iron]] as the feedstock for [[finery forge]]s. This formed a significant part of the output of [[Horsehay]] and [[Ketley]] Furnaces, which they built in the late 1750s. His [[Abraham Darby I|father]]'s successful use of coke pig iron as foundry feedstock, and his own success in using it as forge feedstock were two of the steps towards the industrial revolution for the iron industry, but the final breakthrough that permitted the great expansion of iron production that constitutes the industrial revolution for it came later.


He died aged 51. He had married twice: firstly Margaret Smith (died 1740), with whom he had three children including Hannah who married [[Richard Reynolds (ironmaster)|Richard Reynolds]], and secondly the Quaker minister Abiah Maude, with whom he had a further six children, including [[Abraham Darby III]].
He died aged 51. He had married twice: firstly Margaret Smith (died 1740), with whom he had three children including Hannah who married [[Richard Reynolds (ironmaster)|Richard Reynolds]], and secondly the Quaker minister [[Abiah Darby|Abiah Maude]], with whom he had a further thirteen children although only four including [[Abraham Darby III]] survived.<ref>Nancy Cox, 'Darby, Abiah (1716–1794)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/55521, accessed 27 Sept 2015]</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
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* [[Abraham Darby III]]
* [[Abraham Darby III]]
* [[Abraham Darby IV]]
* [[Abraham Darby IV]]

==References==
{{reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
* [http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blabrahamdarby.htm The Darby family of inventors]
* [https://archive.today/20130101211425/http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blabrahamdarby.htm The Darby family of inventors]
* [http://www.sedgleymanor.com/people/abraham_darby.html The Darby family]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060523060936/http://www.sedgleymanor.com/people/abraham_darby.html The Darby family]
* [http://www.cottontimes.co.uk/darbyo.htm The Darby dynasty]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050924062118/http://www.cottontimes.co.uk/darbyo.htm The Darby dynasty]
* [http://www.ironbridge.org.uk/our_attractions/darby_houses/history/ The Darby House]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110126215200/http://www.ironbridge.org.uk/our_attractions/darby_houses/history/ The Darby House]
* [http://www.booneshares.com/SomeAbrahamDarbycompanies.htm The Coalbrookdale Company, with which the family was associated]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20081212132814/http://www.booneshares.com/SomeAbrahamDarbycompanies.htm The Coalbrookdale Company, with which the family was associated]
* [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/55521 DNB biography of Abiah Darby]
* [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/55521 DNB biography of Abiah Darby]

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{{Persondata
|NAME=Darby, Abraham, II
|ALTERNATIVE NAMES=
|SHORT DESCRIPTION=Ironmaster
|DATE OF BIRTH=12 May 1711
|PLACE OF BIRTH=
|DATE OF DEATH=31 March 1763
|PLACE OF DEATH=
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Darby, Abraham II}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Darby, Abraham II}}
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[[Category:1711 births]]
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[[Category:1763 deaths]]
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[[Category:People from Coalbrookdale]]
[[Category:English ironmasters]]
[[Category:English ironmasters]]
[[Category:People of the Industrial Revolution]]
[[Category:People of the Industrial Revolution]]
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[[Category:People from Shropshire]]
[[Category:English Quakers]]
[[Category:English Quakers]]
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[[Category:1711 births]]
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[[Category:1763 deaths]]
[[Category:18th-century Quakers]]
[[Category:18th-century Quakers]]
[[Category:Coalbrookdale]]
[[Category:18th-century ironmasters]]
[[Category:18th-century British artisans]]



{{England-business-bio-stub}}
{{England-business-bio-stub}}

Latest revision as of 13:06, 9 October 2024

Abraham Darby, in his lifetime called Abraham Darby the Younger, referred to for convenience as Abraham Darby II (12 May 1711 – 31 March 1763) was the second man of that name in an English Quaker family that played an important role in the early years of the Industrial Revolution.

Life

[edit]

Darby was born in Coalbrookdale, Shropshire to Abraham and Mary (née Sergeant).

He followed in his father's footsteps (Abraham Darby I) in the Darby foundry business in Coalbrookdale, producing cast iron cooking pots, kettles, and other goods. The Coalbrookdale Company also played an important role in using iron to replace the more expensive brass for cylinders for Thomas Newcomen's steam engines.

He and his partners were responsible for a very important innovation in introducing the use of coke pig iron as the feedstock for finery forges. This formed a significant part of the output of Horsehay and Ketley Furnaces, which they built in the late 1750s. His father's successful use of coke pig iron as foundry feedstock, and his own success in using it as forge feedstock were two of the steps towards the industrial revolution for the iron industry, but the final breakthrough that permitted the great expansion of iron production that constitutes the industrial revolution for it came later.

He died aged 51. He had married twice: firstly Margaret Smith (died 1740), with whom he had three children including Hannah who married Richard Reynolds, and secondly the Quaker minister Abiah Maude, with whom he had a further thirteen children although only four including Abraham Darby III survived.[1]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Nancy Cox, 'Darby, Abiah (1716–1794)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 accessed 27 Sept 2015
[edit]


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