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This guideline documents an English Wikipedia naming convention.

Editors should generally follow it, though exceptions may apply. Substantive edits to this page should reflect consensus. When in doubt, discuss first on this guideline's talk page.

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Explanations and area of application

This table is a generally accepted romanization of the Armenian alphabet to be used throughout the English language Wikipedia. It aims to provide Wikipedia with a single system for all articles using proper names, words or sentences in Eastern Armenian language; while Western Armenian language uses the same letters, they can be pronounced differently, and another romanization system has to be used for them. However, for transcriptions of proper names, apart from other Armenian text, it is Wikipedia's general convention to follow English usage, where it exists; this may frequently mean using -ian instead of the systematic -yan as a name ending.

Different transliteration systems exist. They are detailed in Romanization of Armenian. For example, the name of the ex-President of the Republic of Armenia, Ռոբերտ Քոչարյան, can be transliterated either Ṙobert K’očaryan using ISO 9985, or R¯obert K῾oč῾aryan using Hübschmann-Meillet's system, or Rrobert K’och’aryan using BGN/PCGN romanization, and so on.

Those transliteration systems are not commonly used in publications, newspapers, encyclopedias; each source uses its own transcription method. There is no official system. The same example as above is transcribed Robert Kocharian in the website of the presidency, but often Robert Kocharyan in the website of the government.

The system presented here is close to the common English spelling. It's based on BGN/PCGN with one exception: ը is rendered by ë and not by y which renders the consonant յ only. This system can be used in every page involving a transcribed Armenian sentence or text. But a simplified version can be used for the transcription of common or proper names or article titles. For example, Մեր Հայրենիք will be transcribed Mer Hayrenik in the article's title and Mer Hayrenik’ in the text of the song itself.

Transliteration

For Modern Armenian, the preferred standard is ISO 9985:

	ա	բ	գ	դ	ե	զ	է	ը	թ	ժ	ի	լ	խ	ծ	կ	հ	ձ	ղ	ճ	մ	յ	ն	շ	ո	չ	պ	ջ	ռ	ս	վ	տ	ր	ց	ւ	փ	ք	օ	ֆ	ու	և
	a	b	g	d	e	z	ē	ë	t’	ž	i	l	x	ç	k	h	j	ġ	č̣	m	y	n	š	o	č	p	ǰ	ṙ	s	v	t	r	c’	w	p’	k’	ò	f	ow	ew

In linguistic literature on Classical Armenian, the commonly used transliteration is that of Hübschmann-Meillet (1913):

	ա	բ	գ	դ	ե	զ	է	ը	թ	ժ	ի	լ	խ	ծ	կ	հ	ձ	ղ	ճ	մ	յ	ն	շ	ո	չ	պ	ջ	ռ	ս	վ	տ	ր	ց	ւ	փ	ք	օ	ֆ	ու	և
	a	b	g	d	e	z	ē	ə	t῾	ž	i	l	x	c	k	h	j	ł	č	m	y	n	š	o	č῾	p	ǰ	ṙ	s	v	t	r	c῾	w	p῾	k῾	ō	f	u	ew

(note the differing conventions marked in boldface)

Loose transcription

Note: all the examples below are given personal names.

Armenian letter	Normal transcription	Example	Simplified transcription	Example (when differences exist)
Ա, ա	a	Արմեն = Armen Հրանտ = Hrant	a
Բ, բ	b	Բագրատ = Bagrat Աբրահամ = Abraham	b
Գ, գ	g	Գաբրիել = Gabriel Սարգիս = Sargis	g
Դ, դ	d	Դանիել = Daniel Վարդան = Vardan	d
Ե, ե	ye (at the beginning of a word)	Եղիազար = Yeghiazar	ye
Ե, ե	e (everywhere else)	Սերիկ = Serik	e
Զ, զ	z	Զավեն = Zaven Ղազար = Ghazar	z
Է, է	e (at the beginning of word only)	Էդվարդ = Edvard	e
Ը, ը	ë	Ընձակ = Ëndzak	e	Ընձակ = Endzak
Թ, թ	t’	Թովմաս = T’ovmas Վախթանգ = Vakht’ang	t	Թովմաս = Tovmas Վախթանգ = Vakhtang
Ժ, ժ	zh	Ժիրայր = Zhirayr Սերժ = Serzh	zh
Ի, ի	i	Իսրայել = Israyel Գագիկ = Gagik	i
Լ, լ	l	Լևոն = Levon Ալբերտ = Albert	l
Խ, խ	kh	Խորեն = Khoren Անախաս = Anakhas	kh
Ծ, ծ	ts	Ծովինար = Tsovinar Աստվածատուր = Astvatsatur	ts
Կ, կ	k	Կարապետ = Karapet Մակար = Makar	k
Հ, հ	h	Հակոբ = Hakob Վահան = Vahan	h
Ձ, ձ	dz	Ձոնիկ = Dzonik Ընձանուշ = Ëndzanush	dz
Ղ, ղ	gh	Ղուկաս = Ghukas Աղավնի = Aghavni	gh
Ճ, ճ	ch	Ճարպիկ = Charpik Պերճ = Perch	ch
Մ, մ	m	Մեսրոպ = Mesrop Սողոմոն = Soghomon	m
Յ, յ	y	Յովաբ = Yovab Հայկ = Hayk	y
Ն, ն	n	Ներսես = Nerses Գայանե = Gayane	n
Շ, շ	sh	Շահակ = Shahak Անուշավան = Anushavan	sh
Ո, ո	vo (at the beginning of a word)^[a]	Ոսկան = Voskan	vo
Ո, ո	o (everywhere else)	Պողոս = Poghos	o
Չ, չ	ch’	Չինար = Ch’inar Խաչատուր = Khach’atur	ch	Չինար = Chinar Խաչատուր = Khachatur
Պ, պ	p	Պետրոս = Petros Նահապետ = Nahapet	p
Ջ, ջ	j	Ջավահիր = Javahir Երջանիկ = Yerjanik	j
Ռ, ռ	r’^[b]	Ռուբեն = R’uben Առուշան = Ar’ushan	r	Ռուբեն = Ruben Առուշան = Arushan
Ս, ս	s	Սամվել = Samvel Աղասի = Aghasi	s
Վ, վ	v	Վազգեն = Vazgen Հովհաննես = Hovhannes	v
Տ, տ	t	Տիգրան = Tigran Սատիկ = Zatik	t
Ր, ր	r (rarely at the beginning of a word)^[b]	Արմինե = Armine	r
Ց, ց	ts’	Ցողիկ = Ts’oghik Գեղեցիկ = Geghets’ik	ts	Ցողիկ = Tsorik Գեղեցիկ = Geghetsik
ՈՒ, Ու, ու^[c]	u	Ուստիան = Ustian Գյուտ = Gyut	u
Փ, փ	p’	Փիլիպոս = P’ilipos Ստեփան = Step’an	p	Փիլիպոս = Pilipos Ստեփան = Stepan
Ք, ք	k’	Քաջիկ = K’ajik Զաքարիա = Zak’aria	k	Քաջիկ = Kajik Զաքարիա = Zakaria
ԵՎ, Եվ, և^[c]	yev (in initial position and after vowels)	Եվգինե = Yevgine	yev
ԵՎ, Եվ, և^[c]	ev (in medial and final position of words after consonants)	Գևորգ = Gevorg	ev
Օ, օ	o	Օլգա = Olga	o
Ֆ, ֆ	f	Ֆերդինանդ = Ferdinand Ռաֆայել = R’afayel	f

Notes

^ The letter Ո, ո is pronounced o at the beginning of two words: ով (ov) and ովքեր (ovk’er). Thus the transcription for those two words is o.
^ ^a ^b The letter Ր, ր rarely occurs at the beginning of a word (the letter Ռ, ռ appears more often), except in rare foreign words or "foreign looking" chosen names, for example the pen name of poet Րաֆֆի (Raffi). In many Western Armenian dialects, the distinction between ր and ռ is no more heard. Thus most usual transcription systems of Armenian transcribe ռ and ր by a single r with no distinction.
^ ^a ^b The letter Ւ, ւ, once the 34th letter of the Armenian alphabet, is no longer used in the modern Eastern Armenian alphabet; ու and և are considered independent letters . ՈՒ and ԵՎ are used in words written in block capitals, Ու and Եվ are used as the first letter of lower case words beginning with a capital, and ու and և are lower case.

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Wikipedia subcat guideline|naming convention|Armenian|WP:ARMEN|WP:NCARMEN|WP:NCARMENIAN}}
-{{shortcut|[[WP:ARMEN]]}}
+{{main|Wikipedia:Naming conventions}}
-'''[[Romanization of Armenian]]''' may be handled as strict transliteration, or as loose transcription, depending on context. For transcription of proper names, common usage in English language sources should be preferred.
+== Explanations and area of application ==
+This table is a generally accepted '''romanization''' of the '''Armenian''' alphabet to be used throughout the English language Wikipedia. It aims to provide Wikipedia with a '''single''' system for all articles using proper names, words or sentences in [[Eastern Armenian language]]; while [[Western Armenian language]] uses the same letters, they can be pronounced differently, and another romanization system has to be used for them. However, for transcriptions of proper names, apart from other Armenian text, it is Wikipedia's [[WP:NAME|general convention]] to follow [[WP:UE|English usage]], where it exists; this may frequently mean using ''-ian'' instead of the systematic ''-yan'' as a name ending.
+Different [[transliteration]] systems exist. They are detailed in [[Romanization of Armenian]]. For example, the name of the ex-President of the Republic of Armenia, [[Robert Kocharyan|Ռոբերտ Քոչարյան]], can be transliterated either ''Ṙobert K’očaryan'' using ISO 9985, or ''R¯obert K῾oč῾aryan'' using Hübschmann-Meillet's system, or ''Rrobert K’och’aryan'' using BGN/PCGN romanization, and so on.
+Those transliteration systems are not commonly used in publications, newspapers, encyclopedias; each source uses its own [[Transcription (linguistics)|transcription]] method.   There is no official system. The same example as above is transcribed ''Robert Kocharian'' in the website of the presidency, but often ''Robert Kocharyan'' in the website of the government.
+The system presented here is close to the common English spelling. It's based on BGN/PCGN with one exception: ը is rendered by ''ë'' and not by ''y'' which renders the consonant յ only. This system can be used in every page involving a transcribed Armenian '''sentence''' or '''text'''. But a simplified version can be used for the transcription of common or proper '''names''' or '''article titles'''. For example, [[Mer Hayrenik|Մեր Հայրենիք]] will be transcribed ''Mer Hayrenik'' in the article's title and ''Mer Hayrenik’'' in the text of the song itself.
 ==Transliteration==
@@ Line 19: / Line 29: @@
 |-
 !title="Hübschmann-Meillet"|
-|a ||b ||g ||d ||e ||z ||'''ê''' ||'''ə''' ||t῾ ||ž ||i ||l ||x ||'''c''' ||k ||h ||j ||'''ł''' ||'''č''' ||m ||y ||n ||š ||o ||'''č῾''' ||p ||ǰ ||'''r̄''' ||s ||v ||t ||r ||c῾ ||w ||p῾ ||k῾ ||'''ô''' ||f|| '''u''' || '''ev'''
+|a ||b ||g ||d ||e ||z ||ē ||'''ə''' ||t῾ ||ž ||i ||l ||x ||'''c''' ||k ||h ||j ||'''ł''' ||'''č''' ||m ||y ||n ||š ||o ||'''č῾''' ||p ||ǰ ||ṙ ||s ||v ||t ||r ||c῾ ||w ||p῾ ||k῾ ||'''ō''' ||f|| '''u''' || ew
 |}
 (note the differing conventions marked in boldface)
 ==Loose transcription==
+''Note: all the examples below are given personal names.''
-Anglicization of Armenian terms isn't a strict transliteration, but may be phonological, and lossy. Note that the result for [[Eastern Armenian language]], the only form of [[Armenian language|Armenian]] official in the [[Armenia|Republic of Armenia]] may be different than for  [[Western Armenian language]].
-Aspirated stops are usually not rendered in transcription. An exception is ք ''k‘'', which is often transcribed as either ''k'' or ''q''.
-The digraph ու ''ow'' is a special case: it expresses /u/ and is usually transcribed as ''u''.
-Example: [[Zorats Karer|Զորաց Քարեր]] ''Zorac‘ K‘arer'' can be transcribed as either ''Zorac Karer'', ''Zorats Karer'', ''Zorac Qarer'' or ''Zorats Qarer''. Transcriptions of the names of notable individuals will almost always be decided by precedent spelling in English language media. Thus, ''[[Robert Kocharyan]]'' is clearly preferable over ''Robert Qocharyan''.
 {| cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" border="1" style="margin-top:1em; border:1px solid #aaa; border-collapse:collapse; text-align:center;"
 |-bgcolor="#cccccc"
-! width="10%" | Armenian letter !! width="15%" | Theoretical transcription !! width="30%" | Example !! width="15%" | Common transcription !! width="30%" | Example<br />(when common transcription is different)
+! width="14%" | Armenian letter !! width="20%" | Normal transcription !! width="30%" | Example !! width="6%" | Simplified transcription !! width="30%" | Example<br />(when differences exist)
 |-
 | Ա, ա || ''a'' || '''Ա'''րմեն = '''A'''rmen<br />Հր'''ա'''նտ = Hr'''a'''nt || ''a'' ||
@@ Line 64: / Line 70: @@
 | Խ, խ || ''kh'' || '''Խ'''որեն = '''Kh'''oren<br />Անա'''խ'''աս = Ana'''kh'''as || ''kh'' ||
 |-bgcolor="#efefef"
-| Ծ, ծ || ''ts'' || '''Ց'''ողիկ = '''Ts'''oghik<br />Աստվա'''ծ'''ատուր = Astva'''ts'''atur || ''ts'' ||
+| Ծ, ծ || ''ts'' || '''Ծ'''ովինար = '''Ts'''ovinar<br />Աստվա'''ծ'''ատուր = Astva'''ts'''atur || ''ts'' ||
 |-
 | Կ, կ || ''k'' || '''Կ'''արապետ = '''K'''arapet<br />Մա'''կ'''ար = Ma'''k'''ar || ''k'' ||
@@ Line 84: / Line 90: @@
 | Շ, շ || ''sh'' || '''Շ'''ահակ = '''Sh'''ahak<br />Անու'''շ'''ավան = Anu'''sh'''avan || ''sh'' ||
 |-bgcolor="#efefef"
-| rowspan="2" | Ո, ո || ''vo''<br /><small>(at the beginning of a word)</small> || '''Ո'''սկան = '''Vo'''skan || ''vo'' ||
+| rowspan="2" | Ո, ո || ''vo''<br /><small>(at the beginning of a word)</small>{{efn|The letter Ո, ո is pronounced ''o'' at the beginning of two words: '''ո'''վ ('''o'''v) and '''ո'''վքեր ('''o'''vk’er). Thus the transcription for those two words is ''o''.}} || '''Ո'''սկան = '''Vo'''skan || ''vo'' ||
 |-bgcolor="#efefef"
 | ''o''<br /><small>(everywhere else)</small> || Պ'''ո'''ղ'''ո'''ս = P'''o'''gh'''o'''s || ''o'' ||
@@ Line 94: / Line 100: @@
 | Ջ, ջ || ''j'' || '''Ջ'''ավահիր = '''J'''avahir<br />Եր'''ջ'''անիկ = Yer'''j'''anik || ''j'' ||
 |-bgcolor="#efefef"
-| Ռ, ռ || ''rr'' || '''Ռ'''ուբեն = '''Rr'''uben<br />Ա'''ռ'''ուշան = A'''rr'''ushan || ''r'' || '''Ռ'''ուբեն = '''R'''uben<br />Ա'''ռ'''ուշան = A'''r'''ushan
+| Ռ, ռ || ''r’''{{efn|name=r|The letter Ր, ր rarely occurs at the beginning of a word (the letter Ռ, ռ appears more often), except in rare foreign words or "foreign looking" chosen names, for example the pen name of poet '''Ր'''աֆֆի ([[Raffi (poet)|'''R'''affi]]). In many Western Armenian dialects, the distinction between ր and ռ is no more heard. Thus most usual transcription systems of Armenian transcribe ռ and ր by a single ''r'' with no distinction.}} || '''Ռ'''ուբեն = '''R’'''uben<br />Ա'''ռ'''ուշան = A'''r’'''ushan || ''r'' || '''Ռ'''ուբեն = '''R'''uben<br />Ա'''ռ'''ուշան = A'''r'''ushan
 |-
 | Ս, ս || ''s'' || '''Ս'''ամվել = '''S'''amvel<br />Աղա'''ս'''ի = Agha'''s'''i || ''s'' ||
@@ Line 102: / Line 108: @@
 | Տ, տ || ''t'' || '''Տ'''իգրան = '''T'''igran<br />Սա'''տ'''իկ = Za'''t'''ik || ''t'' ||
 |-bgcolor="#efefef"
-| Ր, ր || ''r'' || '''Ր'''աֆֆի = '''R'''affi<br />Ա'''ր'''մինե = A'''r'''mine || ''r'' ||
+| Ր, ր || ''r''<br /><small>(rarely at the beginning<br />of a word)</small>{{efn|name=r}} || Ա'''ր'''մինե = A'''r'''mine || ''r'' ||
 |-
-| Ց, ծ || ''ts’'' || '''Ց'''ողիկ = '''Ts’'''oghik<br />Գեղե'''ց'''իկ = Geghe'''ts’'''ik || ''ts'' || '''Ց'''ողիկ = '''Ts'''orik<br />Գեղեցիկ = Geghe'''ts'''ik
+| Ց, ց || ''ts’'' || '''Ց'''ողիկ = '''Ts’'''oghik<br />Գեղե'''ց'''իկ = Geghe'''ts’'''ik || ''ts'' || '''Ց'''ողիկ = '''Ts'''orik<br />Գեղեցիկ = Geghe'''ts'''ik
 |-bgcolor="#efefef"
-| ՈՒ, Ու, ու || ''u'' || '''Ու'''ստիան = '''U'''stian<br >Գյ'''ու'''տ = Gy'''u'''t || ''u'' ||
+| ՈՒ, Ու, ու{{efn|name=complexletters|The letter Ւ, ւ, once the 34th letter of the Armenian alphabet, is no longer used in the modern Eastern Armenian alphabet; ու and և are considered independent letters . ՈՒ and ԵՎ are used in words written in block capitals, Ու and Եվ are used as the first letter of lower case words beginning with a capital, and ու and և  are lower case.}} || ''u'' || '''Ու'''ստիան = '''U'''stian<br >Գյ'''ու'''տ = Gy'''u'''t || ''u'' ||
 |-
-| Փ, փ || ''p'' || theoretically ''p’'', replaced by ''p'' in usual transcription || '''Փ'''իլիպոս = '''P'''ilipos<br /><small>(for '''P’''''ilipos)</small>
+| Փ, փ || ''p’'' || '''Փ'''իլիպոս = '''P’'''ilipos<br />Ստե'''փ'''ան = Ste'''p’'''an || ''p'' || '''Փ'''իլիպոս = '''P'''ilipos<br />Ստե'''փ'''ան = Ste'''p'''an
 |-bgcolor="#efefef"
-| Ք, ք || ''k'' || theoretically ''k’'', replaced by ''k'' in usual transcription || '''Ք'''ոչարյան = '''K'''ocharyan<br /><small>(for '''K’'''och’aryan)</small>
+| Ք, ք || ''k’'' || '''Ք'''աջիկ = '''K’'''ajik<br />Զա'''ք'''արիա = Za'''k’'''aria || ''k'' || '''Ք'''աջիկ = '''K'''ajik<br />Զա'''ք'''արիա = Za'''k'''aria
 |-
-| rowspan="2" | ԵՎ, Եվ, և || ''yev'' || at the beginning of a word || example to be found
+| rowspan="2" | ԵՎ, Եվ, և{{efn|name=complexletters}} || ''yev''<br /><small>(in initial position and after vowels)</small> || '''Եվ'''գինե = '''Yev'''gine || ''yev'' ||
 |-
-| ''ev'' || everywhere else || Գ'''և'''որգ = G'''ev'''org
+| ''ev''<br /><small>(in medial and final position of words after consonants)</small> || Գ'''և'''որգ = G'''ev'''org || ''ev'' ||
 |-bgcolor="#efefef"
-| Օ, օ || ''o'' || at the beginning of a word only || example to be found
+| Օ, օ || ''o''<br /> || '''Օ'''լգա = '''O'''lga || ''o'' ||
 |-
-| Ֆ, ֆ || ''f'' || everywhere || example to be found
+| Ֆ, ֆ || ''f'' || '''Ֆ'''երդինանդ = '''F'''erdinand<br /> Ռա'''ֆ'''այել = R’a'''f'''ayel || ''f'' |||
 |}
+==Notes==
+{{notelist}}
+==Further reading==
+*{{Cite book |last=Sakayan |first=Dora |title=Eastern Armenian for the English-speaking world: a contrastive approach |publisher=Yerevan State University Press |year=2007 |isbn=978-5-8084-0890-6 |location=Yerevan}}
 ==See also==