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{{Short description|Species of fig}}
{{Speciesbox
{{Speciesbox
|image = Gardenology.org-IMG 0670 rbgs10dec.jpg
|image = Gardenology.org-IMG 0670 rbgs10dec.jpg
|genus = Ficus
|genus = Ficus
|species = coronulata
|species = coronulata
|authority = [[Miq.]]<ref name=ntflora/>
|authority = [[Miq.]]{{r|ntflora}}
|status = LC
|status = LC
|status_system = TPWCA
|status_system = TPWCA
|status_ref = <ref name=ntflora/><ref name=florabase/><ref name=miq/>
|status_ref = {{r|ntflora}}{{r|florabase}}{{r|miq|p=242}}
|synonyms_ref =<ref name=ntflora/>
|synonyms_ref ={{r|ntflora}}
|synonyms = ''Ficus salicina'' [[F.Muell.]]
|synonyms = ''Ficus salicina'' [[F.Muell.]]
|range_map = Ficus coronulata Distribution.png
|range_map = Ficus coronulata Distribution.png
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}}
}}


'''''Ficus coronulata''''', commonly known as the '''peach-leaf fig''',<ref name=foao>{{Flora of Australia Online |id=38468 |name=''Ficus coronulata'' Miq. }}</ref> and in the [[Northern Territory]] as '''river fig''' and '''crown fig''',<ref name=ntflora/> is one of several [[ficus|fig]] species commonly known as [[sandpaper fig (disambiguation)|'''sandpaper figs''']]. It is native to Western Australia and the Northern Territory.<ref name="RFK6.1">{{RFK6.1 |url=http://keys.trin.org.au/key-server/data/0e0f0504-0103-430d-8004-060d07080d04/media/Html/taxon/Ficus_coronulata.htm |accessdate=9 February 2016}}</ref>
'''''Ficus coronulata''''', commonly known as the '''peach-leaf fig''',{{r|foao}} and in the [[Northern Territory]] as '''river fig''' and '''crown fig''',{{r|ntflora}} is one of several [[ficus|fig]] species commonly known as [[sandpaper fig (disambiguation)|'''sandpaper figs''']]. It is native to Western Australia and the Northern Territory.<ref name="RFK8"/>


==Description==
== Description ==
''Ficus coronulata'' is a tree growing up to {{convert|15|m|ft|abbr=on}} tall. It is [[Dioecy|dioecious]]. Its twigs hang down, are from {{convert|0.9|–|5.4|mm|in|abbr=on}} in diameter, and have glassy hairs lying close to the twig (appressed), with the twigs becoming smooth with age.<ref name=ntflora/> The leaf stem is {{convert|13|–|34|mm|in|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|0.9|–|2.1|mm|in|abbr=on}} in diameter, and is rough to the touch (or with scattered ascending glassy hairs), and deeply channelled on the upper surface. The leaves are alternate but occasionally opposite. They are narrowly elliptic or lanceolate in shape, and have a recurved entire margin. The leaf tip gradually tapers to a point apex acuminate, and the base of the leaf is wedge-shaped. The leaf dimensions are 50-333 mm long and 12-105 mm wide. The leaf surfaces is lightly rough to the touch (scabrid), occasionally with scattered appressed glassy hairs on the lower surface. The leaves also have [[cystolith]]s (hard stony structures) which are visible as raised opaque dots on upper surface. The lateral veins occur in 20-46 pairs. Stipules are lateral (occasionally interpetiolar) and are up to to 21 mm long, with scattered appressed glassy hairs, and have ciliolate margins which lose their hairs. The fruit ([[syconia]] occur in the leaf axils, are globular, and up to 21 mm long and 21 mm in diameter, and they too are lightly rough to the touch. The [[ostiole]] protrudes into a crown with numerous ciliolate bracts (bracts with "eyelashes"), and is green to yellowish green at maturity. The [[peduncle (botany)|peduncle]] is 21 mm long, 0.6-1.0 mm in diameter. There are three bracts at the base of up to 4 mm in length, with appressed glassy hairs, and the margins have minute hairs (cilia) which persist. Male florets are [[ostiole|ostiolar]] in up to 4 rows, on stems with 4 or 5 tepals with cilia ("eyelashes") and each with one or two stamens. The female and gall florets are generally without stems ([[Sessility (botany)|sessile]]), with 5 ciliolate (with "eyelashes") tepals. Interfloral bracts are absent.<ref name=ntflora/>


''Ficus coronulata'' is a tree growing up to {{convert|15|m|ft|-1|abbr=on}} tall. It is [[Dioecy|dioecious]]. Its twigs hang down, are from {{convert|0.9|–|5.4|mm|in|2|abbr=on}} in diameter, and have glassy hairs lying close to the twig (appressed), with the twigs becoming smooth with age.{{r|ntflora}} The leaf stem is {{convert|13|–|34|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|0.9|–|2.1|mm|in|2|abbr=on}} in diameter, and is rough to the touch (or with scattered ascending glassy hairs), and deeply channelled on the upper surface. The leaves are alternate but occasionally opposite. They are narrowly elliptic or lanceolate in shape, and have a recurved entire margin. The leaf tip gradually tapers to a point apex acuminate, and the base of the leaf is wedge-shaped. The leaf dimensions are 50–333&nbsp;mm long and 12–105&nbsp;mm wide. The leaf surfaces is lightly rough to the touch (scabrid), occasionally with scattered appressed glassy hairs on the lower surface. The leaves also have [[cystolith]]s (hard stony structures) which are visible as raised opaque dots on upper surface. The lateral veins occur in 20–46 pairs. Stipules are lateral (occasionally interpetiolar) and are up to 21&nbsp;mm long, with scattered appressed glassy hairs, and have ciliolate margins which lose their hairs. The fruit ([[syconia]] occur in the leaf axils, are globular, and up to 21&nbsp;mm long and 21&nbsp;mm in diameter, and they too are lightly rough to the touch. The [[ostiole]] protrudes into a crown with numerous ciliolate bracts (bracts with "eyelashes"), and is green to yellowish green at maturity. The [[peduncle (botany)|peduncle]] is 21&nbsp;mm long, 0.6-1.0&nbsp;mm in diameter. There are three bracts at the base of up to 4&nbsp;mm in length, with appressed glassy hairs, and the margins have minute hairs (cilia) which persist. Male florets are [[ostiole|ostiolar]] in up to 4 rows, on stems with 4 or 5 tepals with cilia ("eyelashes") and each with one or two stamens. The female and gall florets are generally without stems ([[Sessility (botany)|sessile]]), with 5 ciliolate (with "eyelashes") tepals. Interfloral bracts are absent.{{r|ntflora}}
In the Northern Territory it has been found flowering in January, March, May, June, July, September, October and November, and it fruits all year round.<ref name=ntflora/>


In the Northern Territory it has been found flowering in January, March, May, June, July, September, October and November, and it fruits all year round.{{r|ntflora}}
It is not usually confused with other fig species, being distinctive by the green (or yellowish-green) of its mature [[syconia]], and by its narrowly elliptic or lanceolate leaves.<ref name=ntflora/>


It is not usually confused with other fig species, being distinctive by the green (or yellowish-green) of its mature [[syconia]], and by its narrowly elliptic or lanceolate leaves.{{r|ntflora}} It is not a strangling fig.<ref name="RFK8"/>
It is not a strangling fig.<ref name="RFK6.1"/>


==Taxonomy==
== Taxonomy ==
It was first described in 1862, by [[Miq.|Friedrich Anton Wilhelm Miquel]]<ref name=ntflora/><ref name=miq/> from a specimen found in 1855 in [[Arnhem Land|''Arnhemsland'']] (Arnhem Land) by [[Ferdinand von Mueller]].<ref name=miq2/>


It was first described in 1862, by [[Miq.|Friedrich Anton Wilhelm Miquel]]{{r|ntflora}}{{r|miq|p=242}} from a specimen found in 1855 in [[Arnhem Land|''Arnhemsland'']] (Arnhem Land) by [[Ferdinand von Mueller]].{{r|miq|p=243}}
==Distribution and habitat==
In the Northern Territory it is found in the bioregions: Arnhem Coast, Arnhem Plateau, Central Arnhem, Central Kimberley, Daly Basin, Darwin Coastal, Gulf Coastal, Gulf Fall and Uplands, Northern Kimberley, Ord Victoria Plain, Pine Creek, Sturt Plateau, and Victoria Bonaparte.<ref name=ntflora/> In Western Australia it is found in the bioregions: Central Kimberley, Dampierland, Northern Kimberley, Ord Victoria Plain, and Victoria Bonaparte.<ref name=florabase/>


== Distribution and habitat ==
It is found along rivers and creeks.<ref name=ntflora/><ref name=florabase>{{FloraBase|id=1748|''Ficus coronulata''|accessdate=3 January 2019}}</ref> It has been recorded as a host plant for the mistletoe species ''[[Amyema benthamii]]''.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Downey |first=Paul O. |year=1998 |title=An inventory of host species for each aerial mistletoe species (Loranthaceae and Viscaceae) in Australia |journal=Cunninghamia |volume=5 |issue=3 |pages=685–720 |url=http://rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0018/58041/Cun5Dow685.pdf |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6G8fvWXYR?url=http://rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0018/58041/Cun5Dow685.pdf |archivedate=2013-04-25 |df= }}</ref>


In the Northern Territory it is found in the [[Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia|bioregions]]: [[Arnhem Coast]], [[Arnhem Plateau]], [[Central Arnhem]], [[Central Kimberley]], [[Daly Basin]], [[Darwin Coastal]], [[Gulf Coastal]], [[Gulf Fall and Uplands]], [[Northern Kimberley]], [[Ord Victoria Plain]], [[Pine Creek (biogeographic region)|Pine Creek]], [[Sturt Plateau]], and [[Victoria Bonaparte]].{{r|ntflora}} In Western Australia it is found in the bioregions: [[Central Kimberley]], [[Dampierland]], [[Northern Kimberley]], [[Ord Victoria Plain]], and [[Victoria Bonaparte]].{{r|florabase}}
==Aboriginal names==
For the aboriginal language group, Jaminjung, it is ''Ngaliwurru'' and ''Nungali''; for the Garnimbi it is ''Jabawi''; for the Mangarrayi and Yangman it is ''Garranba''; for the Ngarinyman it is ''Jabawi''; and for the Wagiman it is ''mardengdeng'' and ''dengdengin''.<ref name=ntflora/>
==Uses==
''Ficus coronulata'' is used both as medicine and as food by many indigenous groups across the Northern Territory, and the [[Jawoyn]] also use it for making fire-sticks.<ref name=ntflora/> Indigenous people could feed themselves and toss fruit in the river to attract turtles, which they would then catch.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Rose |first1=Deborah Bird |title=The Routledge Companion to Landscape Studies |date=2013 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=9780415684606 |page=9 |url=https://books.google.com.au/books?hl=en&lr=&id=uZxOoe-FPfMC&oi=fnd&pg=PA8 | chapter=Fitting into Country | editor=Peter Howard, Ian Thompson, Emma Waterton}}</ref>


It is found along rivers and creeks.{{r|ntflora}}{{r|florabase}} It has been recorded as a host plant for the mistletoe species ''[[Amyema benthamii]]''.{{r|Downey-1998}} Shown to hybridise with ''Ficus aculeata''.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Wilde |first=Brendan C. |last2=Rutherford |first2=Susan |last3=Merwe |first3=Marlien van der |last4=Murray |first4=Megan L. |last5=Rossetto |first5=Maurizio |date=2020-07-15 |title=First example of hybridisation between two Australian figs (Moraceae) |url=https://www.publish.csiro.au/sb/SB19048 |journal=Australian Systematic Botany |language=en |volume=33 |issue=5 |pages=436–445 |doi=10.1071/SB19048 |issn=1446-5701}}</ref>
Rarely cultivated, ''Ficus coronulata'' has potential as a specimen tree in parks and gardens.<ref name=Brock>{{cite book |title=Native plants of northern Australia |last=Brock |first=John |year=2001|origyear=1988 |publisher=New Holland Press |location=Frenchs Forest, New South Wales |isbn=978-1-876334-67-3 |page=187}}</ref>

== Aboriginal names ==

For the aboriginal language group, Jaminjung, it is ''Ngaliwurru'' and ''Nungali''; for the Garnimbi it is ''Jabawi''; for the Mangarrayi and Yangman it is ''Garranba''; for the Ngarinyman it is ''Jabawi''; and for the Wagiman it is ''mardengdeng'' and ''dengdengin''.{{r|ntflora}}

== Uses ==

''Ficus coronulata'' is used both as medicine and as food by many indigenous groups across the Northern Territory, and the [[Jawoyn]] also use it for making fire-sticks.{{r|ntflora}} Indigenous people could feed themselves and toss fruit in the river to attract turtles, which they would then catch.{{r|Rose-2013|p=9}}

Rarely cultivated, ''Ficus coronulata'' has potential as a specimen tree in parks and gardens.{{r|Brock|p=187}} It is also used as an herbicide.{{citation needed|date=February 2019}} It is known for its debilitating effects on humans if accidentally ingested.{{citation needed|date=February 2019}}

== References ==

{{Reflist | 30em | refs =

<ref name=Brock>
{{cite book
| author-last = Brock
| author-first = John
| date = 2001
| title = Native plants of northern Australia
| orig-year = 1988
| publisher = New Holland Press
| location = Frenchs Forest, New South Wales
| isbn = 978-1-876334-67-3
}}</ref>

<ref name = Downey-1998>
{{cite journal
| url = http://rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0018/58041/Cun5Dow685.pdf
| author-last = Downey
| author-first = Paul O.
| date = 1998
| title = An inventory of host species for each aerial mistletoe species (Loranthaceae and Viscaceae) in Australia
| journal = Cunninghamia
| volume = 5
| number = 3
| pages = 685–720
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120426091532/http://rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0018/58041/Cun5Dow685.pdf
| url-status = dead
| archive-date = 2012-04-26
}}</ref>

<ref name = florabase>
{{FloraBase
| id = 1748
| name = ''Ficus coronulata''
| access-date = 2019-01-03
}}</ref>

<ref name = foao>
{{Flora of Australia Online
| id = 38468
| name = ''Ficus coronulata'' Miq.
}}</ref>

<ref name = miq>
{{cite journal
| url = https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k979767/f249.item.r=coronulata.texteImage
| author-last = Miquel
| author-first = F. A. W.
| date = 1862
| title = Synopsis Ficearum in Nova Hollandia hactenus detectarum
| journal = Journal de Botanique Neerlandaise
| volume = 1
| access-date = 2019-01-03
}}</ref>

<ref name = ntflora>
{{cite web
| url = http://eflora.nt.gov.au/factsheet?id=3639
| title = FloraNT Flora of the Northern Territory factsheet: ''Ficus coronulata''
| access-date = 2019-01-03
}}</ref>

<ref name="RFK8">{{cite web |author1=F.A.Zich |author2=B.P.M.Hyland |author3=T.Whiffen |author4=R.A.Kerrigan |author2-link=Bernard Hyland |year=2020 |access-date=27 May 2021 |url=https://apps.lucidcentral.org/rainforest/text/entities/Ficus_coronulata.htm |title=''Ficus coronulata'' |website=[[Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants]] (RFK8) |publisher=Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research (CANBR), [[Australian Government]]}}</ref>

<ref name = Rose-2013>
{{cite book
| chapter-url = https://books.google.com/books?id=uZxOoe-FPfMC&pg=PA8
| author-last = Rose
| author-first = Deborah Bird
| date = 2013
| chapter = Fitting into country
| editor-last = Howard
| editor-first = Peter
| editor-last2 = Thompson
| editor-first2 = Ian
| editor-last3 = Waterton
| editor-first3 = Emma
| title = The Routledge Companion to Landscape Studies
| publisher = Routledge
| isbn = 9780415684606
}}</ref>


==References==
{{Commons category|Ficus coronulata}}
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name=ntflora>[http://eflora.nt.gov.au/factsheet?id=3639 FloraNT Flora of the Northern Territory factsheet: ''Ficus coronulata''.] Retrieved 3 January 2018.</ref>
<ref name=miq>Miquel,F.A.W. (1862) Synopsis Ficearum in Nova Hollandia hactenus detectarum. [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k979767/f249.item.r=coronulata.texteImage ''Journal de Botanique Neerlandaise'' 1: 242.] Retrieved 3 January 2019.</ref>
<ref name=miq2>Miquel,F.A.W. (1862) Synopsis Ficearum in Nova Hollandia hactenus detectarum. [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k979767/f250.item.r=coronulata.texteImage ''Journal de Botanique Neerlandaise'' 1: 243.] Retrieved 3 January 2019.</ref>
}}
}}

==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons category|Ficus coronulata}}
* [http://avh.ala.org.au/occurrences/search?taxa=Ficus+coronulata#tab_mapView Occurrence data for ''Ficus coronulata'' (The Australasian Virtual Herbarium)]
* [http://avh.ala.org.au/occurrences/search?taxa=Ficus+coronulata#tab_mapView Occurrence data for ''Ficus coronulata'' (The Australasian Virtual Herbarium)]

{{Taxonbar|from=Q15475700}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q15475700}}


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[[Category:Taxa named by Friedrich Anton Wilhelm Miquel]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Friedrich Anton Wilhelm Miquel]]
[[Category:Plants described in 1862]]
[[Category:Plants described in 1862]]
[[Category:Dioecious plants]]

Latest revision as of 02:05, 13 January 2024

Ficus coronulata
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Rosales
Family: Moraceae
Genus: Ficus
Species:
F. coronulata
Binomial name
Ficus coronulata
Occurrence data from AVH
Synonyms[1]

Ficus salicina F.Muell.

Ficus coronulata, commonly known as the peach-leaf fig,[4] and in the Northern Territory as river fig and crown fig,[1] is one of several fig species commonly known as sandpaper figs. It is native to Western Australia and the Northern Territory.[5]

Description

[edit]

Ficus coronulata is a tree growing up to 15 m (50 ft) tall. It is dioecious. Its twigs hang down, are from 0.9–5.4 mm (0.04–0.21 in) in diameter, and have glassy hairs lying close to the twig (appressed), with the twigs becoming smooth with age.[1] The leaf stem is 13–34 mm (0.5–1.3 in) long and 0.9–2.1 mm (0.04–0.08 in) in diameter, and is rough to the touch (or with scattered ascending glassy hairs), and deeply channelled on the upper surface. The leaves are alternate but occasionally opposite. They are narrowly elliptic or lanceolate in shape, and have a recurved entire margin. The leaf tip gradually tapers to a point apex acuminate, and the base of the leaf is wedge-shaped. The leaf dimensions are 50–333 mm long and 12–105 mm wide. The leaf surfaces is lightly rough to the touch (scabrid), occasionally with scattered appressed glassy hairs on the lower surface. The leaves also have cystoliths (hard stony structures) which are visible as raised opaque dots on upper surface. The lateral veins occur in 20–46 pairs. Stipules are lateral (occasionally interpetiolar) and are up to 21 mm long, with scattered appressed glassy hairs, and have ciliolate margins which lose their hairs. The fruit (syconia occur in the leaf axils, are globular, and up to 21 mm long and 21 mm in diameter, and they too are lightly rough to the touch. The ostiole protrudes into a crown with numerous ciliolate bracts (bracts with "eyelashes"), and is green to yellowish green at maturity. The peduncle is 21 mm long, 0.6-1.0 mm in diameter. There are three bracts at the base of up to 4 mm in length, with appressed glassy hairs, and the margins have minute hairs (cilia) which persist. Male florets are ostiolar in up to 4 rows, on stems with 4 or 5 tepals with cilia ("eyelashes") and each with one or two stamens. The female and gall florets are generally without stems (sessile), with 5 ciliolate (with "eyelashes") tepals. Interfloral bracts are absent.[1]

In the Northern Territory it has been found flowering in January, March, May, June, July, September, October and November, and it fruits all year round.[1]

It is not usually confused with other fig species, being distinctive by the green (or yellowish-green) of its mature syconia, and by its narrowly elliptic or lanceolate leaves.[1] It is not a strangling fig.[5]

Taxonomy

[edit]

It was first described in 1862, by Friedrich Anton Wilhelm Miquel[1][3]: 242  from a specimen found in 1855 in Arnhemsland (Arnhem Land) by Ferdinand von Mueller.[3]: 243 

Distribution and habitat

[edit]

In the Northern Territory it is found in the bioregions: Arnhem Coast, Arnhem Plateau, Central Arnhem, Central Kimberley, Daly Basin, Darwin Coastal, Gulf Coastal, Gulf Fall and Uplands, Northern Kimberley, Ord Victoria Plain, Pine Creek, Sturt Plateau, and Victoria Bonaparte.[1] In Western Australia it is found in the bioregions: Central Kimberley, Dampierland, Northern Kimberley, Ord Victoria Plain, and Victoria Bonaparte.[2]

It is found along rivers and creeks.[1][2] It has been recorded as a host plant for the mistletoe species Amyema benthamii.[6] Shown to hybridise with Ficus aculeata.[7]

Aboriginal names

[edit]

For the aboriginal language group, Jaminjung, it is Ngaliwurru and Nungali; for the Garnimbi it is Jabawi; for the Mangarrayi and Yangman it is Garranba; for the Ngarinyman it is Jabawi; and for the Wagiman it is mardengdeng and dengdengin.[1]

Uses

[edit]

Ficus coronulata is used both as medicine and as food by many indigenous groups across the Northern Territory, and the Jawoyn also use it for making fire-sticks.[1] Indigenous people could feed themselves and toss fruit in the river to attract turtles, which they would then catch.[8]: 9 

Rarely cultivated, Ficus coronulata has potential as a specimen tree in parks and gardens.[9]: 187  It is also used as an herbicide.[citation needed] It is known for its debilitating effects on humans if accidentally ingested.[citation needed]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "FloraNT Flora of the Northern Territory factsheet: Ficus coronulata". Retrieved 2019-01-03.
  2. ^ a b c "Ficus coronulata". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions. Retrieved 2019-01-03.
  3. ^ a b c Miquel, F. A. W. (1862). "Synopsis Ficearum in Nova Hollandia hactenus detectarum". Journal de Botanique Neerlandaise. 1. Retrieved 2019-01-03.
  4. ^ "Ficus coronulata Miq". Flora of Australia Online. Department of the Environment and Heritage, Australian Government.
  5. ^ a b F.A.Zich; B.P.M.Hyland; T.Whiffen; R.A.Kerrigan (2020). "Ficus coronulata". Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants (RFK8). Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research (CANBR), Australian Government. Retrieved 27 May 2021.
  6. ^ Downey, Paul O. (1998). "An inventory of host species for each aerial mistletoe species (Loranthaceae and Viscaceae) in Australia" (PDF). Cunninghamia. 5 (3): 685–720. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-04-26.
  7. ^ Wilde, Brendan C.; Rutherford, Susan; Merwe, Marlien van der; Murray, Megan L.; Rossetto, Maurizio (2020-07-15). "First example of hybridisation between two Australian figs (Moraceae)". Australian Systematic Botany. 33 (5): 436–445. doi:10.1071/SB19048. ISSN 1446-5701.
  8. ^ Rose, Deborah Bird (2013). "Fitting into country". In Howard, Peter; Thompson, Ian; Waterton, Emma (eds.). The Routledge Companion to Landscape Studies. Routledge. ISBN 9780415684606.
  9. ^ Brock, John (2001) [1988]. Native plants of northern Australia. Frenchs Forest, New South Wales: New Holland Press. ISBN 978-1-876334-67-3.
[edit]