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In 1934, [[Marie Curie]]'s daughter ([[Irène Joliot-Curie]]) and son-in-law ([[Frédéric Joliot-Curie]]) were the first to create [[artificial radioactivity]]: they bombarded [[boron]] with alpha particles to make the neutron-poor isotope [[nitrogen-13]]; this isotope emitted [[positron]]s.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1935/joliot-fred-bio.html|title=Frédéric Joliot - Biographical|website=nobelprize.org|access-date=1 April 2018}}</ref> In addition, they bombarded [[aluminium]] and [[magnesium]] with [[neutrons]] to make new radioisotopes.
[[Otto Hahn]] and [[Lise Meitner]] discovered radioactive [[isotopes of radium]], [[isotopes of thorium|thorium]], [[isotopes of protactinium|protactinium]] and [[isotopes of uranium|uranium]]. He also discovered the phenomena of radioactive recoil and [[nuclear isomerism]], and pioneered [[rubidium–strontium dating]]. In 1938, Hahn, Lise Meitner and [[Fritz Strassmann]] [[discovery of nuclear fission|discovered nuclear fission]], for which Hahn received the 1944 [[Nobel Prize for Chemistry]]. [[Nuclear fission]] was the basis for [[nuclear reactor]]s and [[nuclear weapon]]s. Hahn is referred to as the father of [[nuclear chemistry]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Tietz |first1=Tabea |title=Otto Hahn – the Father of Nuclear Chemistry |url=http://scihi.org/otto-hahn-nuclear-chemistry/ |website=SciHi Blog |date=8 March 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Otto Hahn |url=https://www.atomicheritage.org/profile/otto-hahn |website=Atomic Heritage Foundation |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Father of Nuclear Chemistry – Otto Emil Hahn |url=https://kemicalinfo.com/articles/father-of-nuclear-chemistry-otto-emil-hahn/ |website=Kemicalinfo}}</ref> and godfather of [[nuclear fission]].<ref>{{cite web |title=A Lifetime of Fission: The Discovery of Nuclear Energy |url=https://www.lindau-nobel.org/blog-lifetime-of-fission/ |website=Lindau Nobel Laureate Meetings |date=11 February 2019}}</ref>
==Main areas==
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