Wikipedia

Intel GMA: Difference between revisions

Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit
Rescuing 4 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5
 
(31 intermediate revisions by 26 users not shown)
Line 11:
| transistors5 =
| transistors6 =
| GPU Architecture =
| entry =
| midrange =
Line 17 ⟶ 16:
| enthusiast =
| openglversion = [[OpenGL#OpenGL 2.1|OpenGL 2.1]]<ref name="supportedapi">{{cite web|url=http://www.intel.com/support/graphics/sb/CS-033757.htm|publisher=Intel|title=Supported Graphics APIs and Features}}</ref>
| d3dversion = [[Microsoft Direct3D#Direct3D 109|Direct3D 9.0]] (for GMA 950 and older)<ref name="supportedapi" /><br/>[[Direct3D#Direct3D 10|Direct3D 10.0]] (for GMA X3100 and later)<ref name="supportedapi" /><br/>[[High Level Shader Language|Shader Model 2.0]] (for GMA 3000 and older)<ref name="supportedapi" /><br/>[[High Level Shader Language|Shader Model 3.0]] (for GMA X3000)<ref name="supportedapi" /><br/>[[High Level Shader Language|Shader Model 4.0]] (for GMA X3100 and later)<ref name="supportedapi" />
| openclversion = N/A<ref name="supportedapi" />
| predecessor = [[Intel Extreme Graphics]]
| successor = [[Intel HD and Iris Graphics]]
}}
 
[[File:Intel GMA950 Chipset.JPG|thumb|300px|GMA 950 on Intel DG945GCPE motherboard (only [[heat sink]] visible)]]
 
The '''Intel Graphics Media Accelerator''' ('''GMA''') is a series of [[integrated graphics processor]]s introduced in 2004 by [[Intel]], replacing the earlier [[Intel Extreme Graphics]] series and being succeeded by the [[Intel HD and Iris Graphics]] series.
 
This series targets the market of low-cost graphics solutions. The products in this series are integrated onto the motherboard, have limited graphics processing power, and use the computer's [[main memory]] for storage instead of a dedicated [[video memory]]. They arewere commonly found on [[netbook]]s, low-priced [[laptop]]s and [[desktop computers]], as well as business computers which do not need high levels of graphics capability. In early 2007, about 90% of all PC [[motherboard]]s sold had an integrated [[GPU]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.anandtech.com/cpuchipsets/showdoc.aspx?i=2948&p=1|title=Intel G965: microATX Performance Update|work=AnandTech|first=Gary|last=Key|date=2007-03-16|access-date=2008-07-17 }}</ref>
 
== History ==
{{More citations needed section|date=August 2011}}
The GMA line of GPUs replaces the earlier [[Intel Extreme Graphics]], and the [[Intel740]] line, the latter of which was a discrete unit in the form of [[Accelerated Graphics Port|AGP]] and [[Conventional PCI|PCI]] cards with technology that evolved from companies [[Real3D]] and [[Lockheed Martin]]. Later, Intel integrated the i740 core into the [[Intel 810]] [[northbridge (computing)|northbridge]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tomshardware.com/amp/picturestory/693-intel-graphics-evolution.html|title=Evolution Of Intel Graphics: i740 To Iris Pro &#124;{{pipe}} Tom's Hardware|website=www.tomshardware.com|date=4 February 2017 }}</ref>
 
The original architecture of GMA systems supported only a few functions in hardware, and relied on the host CPU to handle at least some of the graphics pipeline, further decreasing performance. However, with the introduction of Intel's 4th generation of GMA architecture ([[#GMA X3000|GMA X3000]]) in 2006, many of the functions are now built into the hardware, providing an increase in performance. The 4th generation of GMA combines fixed function capabilities with a threaded array of programmable executions units, providing advantages to both graphics and video performance. Many of the advantages of the new GMA architecture come from the ability to flexibly switch as needed between executing graphics-related tasks or video-related tasks. While GMA performance has been widely criticized in the past as being too slow for [[computer games]], sometimes being derogatorily nicknamed Intel 'GMD' (Graphics Media Decelerator) and being essentially referred to as the world's first "graphics decelerator" since the low-performing [[S3 ViRGE]], the latest GMA generation should ease many of those concerns for the casual gamer.
 
Despite similarities, Intel's main series of GMA Integrated Graphics Processors (IGPs) is not based on the [[PowerVR]] technology Intel licensed from Imagination Technologies. Intel used the low-power [[PowerVR#MBX|PowerVR MBX]] designs in chipsets supporting their [[XScale]] platform, and since the sale of XScale in 2006 has licensed the [[PowerVR#Series 5 (SGX)|PowerVR SGX]] and used it in the [[#GMA 500|GMA 500]] IGP for use with their [[Intel Atom|Atom]] platform.
Line 39 ⟶ 36:
With the introduction of the [[Platform Controller Hub]], the Graphics Media Accelerator series ceased, and the CPU-based [[Intel HD and Iris Graphics]] series was created.
 
== GraphicsGMA coresGeneration 3 ==
 
=== Intel GPU based ===
 
==== Generation three based ====
{{anchor|Gen3}}
 
===== GMA 900 =====
The GMA 900 was the first graphics core produced under Intel's ''Graphics Media Accelerator'' product name, and was incorporated in the [[Intel 910GL|Intel 910G, 915G, and 915Gx chipsets]].
 
Line 55 ⟶ 48:
The processor uses different separate clock generators for display and render cores. The display unit includes a 400&nbsp;MHz [[RAMDAC]], two 25–200&nbsp;Mpixel/s serial DVO ports, and two display controllers. In mobile chipsets, up to two 18-bit 25–112&nbsp;MHz [[LVDS|LVDS transmitters]] are included.
 
===== GMA 950 =====
The GMA 950 was the second graphics core produced under Intel's ''Graphics Media Accelerator'' product name, and was incorporated in the [[List of Intel chipsets#Core.2FCore 2 mobile chipsets|Intel 945G chipsets]].
 
Line 62 ⟶ 55:
3D-wise, GMA 950 supports up to four pixels per clock rendering, Microsoft DirectX 9.0 hardware acceleration & Vertex shader 3.0 and OpenGL 1.4 with ARB extensions on Windows.
 
===== GMA 3100 =====
Integrated graphics found on Q33, Q35, G31 and G33 chipsets. It supports Pixel Shader 2.0 with OpenGL 1.4, but Hardware Vertex Shader isn't supported.
 
===== GMA 3150 =====
Found in Intel Atom D4xx, D5xx, N4xx and N5xx (codenamed ''[[Pineview (microprocessor)|Pineview]]'') processors. Like GMA 3100 and GMA 3000, this is a very close relative of the GMA900/950, completely different from the GMA X3000 series. Supports up to 384 MB video memory (windowsUsing the Windows xpXP driver), DirectX 9.0c, Shader Model 2.0, OpenGL 1.4 with Microsoft Windows and OpenGL 2.1 with Linux.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/hd-graphics-quick-reference-guide/ |title=HD Graphics Quick Reference Guide |publisher=Intel |date=2012-02-07 |access-date=2016-03-16}}</ref>
 
==== GenerationGMA fourGeneration based4 ====
{{anchor|Gen4}}
 
===== GMA 3000 =====
The 946GZ, Q963 and Q965 chipsets use the GMA 3000 graphics core.<ref name="Intel_946GZ">{{cite web|url=http://www.intel.com/products/chipsets/946PL_946GZ/prodbrief.pdf|title=Product brief: The Intel 946GZ Express Chipset|access-date=2007-06-28|format=PDF}}</ref><ref name="Intel_2">{{cite web|url=http://www.intel.com/products/chipsets/gma3000/gma3000.pdf|title=Intel’sIntel's Next Generation Integrated Graphics Architecture&nbsp;– Intel Graphics Media Accelerator X3000 and 3000|access-date = 2007-06-08 |format=PDF}}</ref> The GMA 3000 3D core is very different from the X3000, despite their similar names. It is based more directly on the previous generation GMA 900 and GMA 950 graphics, and belonging to the same "i915" family with them. It has pixel and vertex shaders which only support Shader Model 2.0b features,{{Citation needed|date=April 2011}} and the vertex shaders are still software-emulated. In addition, hardware video acceleration such as hardware-based iDCT computation, ProcAmp (video stream independent [[color correction]]), and VC-1 decoding are not implemented in hardware. Of the GMA 3000-equipped chipsets, only the Q965 retains dual independent display support. The core speed is rated at 400&nbsp;MHz with 1.6&nbsp;Gpixel/s fill rate in datasheets, but was listed as 667&nbsp;MHz core in the white paper.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://developer.intel.com/design/chipsets/applnots/313343.htm|title=Intel's Next Generation Integrated Graphics Architecture&nbsp;— Intel Graphics Media Accelerator X3000 and 3000 White Paper|access-date=2007-10-19|archive-date=2008-10-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081011055459/http://developer.intel.com/design/chipsets/applnots/313343.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>
 
The memory controller can now address a maximum of 256&nbsp;MB of system memory, and the integrated serial DVO ports have increased top speed to 270&nbsp;Mpixel/s.
 
===== GMA X3000 =====
The GMA X3000 for desktop was "substantially redesigned" when compared to previous GMA iterations<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.extremetech.com/article2/0,2845,2121189,00.asp |title=Intel G965 with GMA X3000 Integrated Graphics&nbsp;— Intel GMA X3000 Graphics Subsystem&nbsp;— CPUs, Boards & Components by ExtremeTech |publisher=Extremetech.com |access-date=2009-09-17}}</ref> and it is used in the [[Intel G33|Intel G965]] north bridge controller.<ref>{{cite web |last=Waldock |first=Leo |url=http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/12/05/review_asus_p5e_vm_hdmi/ |title=Asus P5E-VM HDMI motherboard&#124;{{pipe}}Register Hardware |publisher=Reghardware.co.uk |date=2007-12-05 |access-date=2009-09-17 |archive-date=2009-09-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090910094014/http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/12/05/review_asus_p5e_vm_hdmi/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> The GMA X3000 was launched in July 2006.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dailytech.com/2006+Intel+Desktop+Motherboard+Roadmap/article3063.htm |title=2006 Intel Desktop Motherboard Roadmap |publisher=DailyTech |access-date=2009-09-17}}</ref> The GMA X3000's underlying 3D rendering hardware is organized as a unified shader processor consisting of 8 [[scalar processor|scalar]] execution units. Each pipeline can process video, vertex, or texture operations. A central scheduler dynamically dispatches threads to pipeline resources, to maximize rendering throughput (and decrease the impact of individual pipeline stalls.) However, due to the scalar nature of the execution units, they can only process data on a single pixel component at a time.<ref name=TRG965>Gasior, Geoff. [http://www.techreport.com/reviews/2007q2/intel-g965/index.x?pg=1 Intel's G965 Express chipset] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070510063229/http://www.techreport.com/reviews/2007q2/intel-g965/index.x?pg=1 |date=2007-05-10 }}, Tech Report, April 5, 2007.</ref> The GMA X3000 supports DirectX 9.0 with vertex and pixel Shader Model 3.0 features.
 
The processor consists of different clock domains, meaning that the entire chip does not operate the same clock speed. This causes some difficulty when measuring peak throughput of its various functions. Further adding to the confusion, it is listed as 667&nbsp;MHz in Intel G965 white paper, but listed as 400&nbsp;MHz in Intel G965 datasheet. There are various rules that define the IGP's processing capabilities.<ref name=TRG965 />
Line 83 ⟶ 76:
Memory controller can now address maximum 384&nbsp;MB memory according to white paper, but only 256&nbsp;MB in datasheet.
 
===== GMA X3500 =====
GMA X3500 is an upgrade of the GMA X3000 and used in the desktop [[G35 (chipset)|G35]]. The shaders support shader model 4.0 features. Architecturally, the GMA X3500 is very similar to the GMA X3000,<ref name=autogenerated1>{{cite web|last=Waldock |first=Leo |url=http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/12/05/review_asus_p5e_vm_hdmi/page2.html |title=Asus P5E-VM HDMI motherboard&#124;{{pipe}}Register Hardware |publisher=Reghardware.co.uk |date=2007-12-05 |access-date=2009-09-17}}</ref> with both graphics cores running at 667&nbsp;[[MHz]]. The major difference between them is that the GMA X3500 supports [[Shader Model]] 4.0 and [[DirectX 10]], whereas the earlier X3000 supports [[Shader Model]] 3.0 and [[DirectX 9]].<ref name=autogenerated1 /> The X3500 also adds hardware-assistance for playback of VC-1 video.
 
===== GMA X3100 =====
The GMA X3100 is the mobile version of the GMA X3500 used in the Intel GL960/GM965 chipsets and also in the GS965 chipset. The X3100 supports hardware transform and lighting, up to eight programmable shader units, and up to 384&nbsp;MB video memory. Its display cores can run up to 333&nbsp;MHz on GM965 and 320&nbsp;MHz on GL960. Its render cores can run up to 500&nbsp;MHz on GM965 and 400&nbsp;MHz on GL960. The X3100 display unit includes a 300&nbsp;MHz RAMDAC, two 25–112&nbsp;MHz LVDS transmitters, 2 DVO encoders, and a TV encoder. Under Windows, the driver supports DirectX 10.0,<ref name="Intel_guide">
{{cite web
Line 92 ⟶ 85:
|title = Intel Graphics&nbsp;— Built for mainstream Desktop and Mobile PC Users
|access-date = 2007-06-08
|format = PDF
|url-status = dead
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071128133825/http://download.intel.com/products/graphics/intel_graphics_guide.pdf
Line 98 ⟶ 90:
}}</ref><ref name="X3100 supports DirectX 10.0 and Unified Shader Model 4.0">Intel, [[Comparison of Intel graphics processing units#Fourth generation|X3100 supports DirectX 10.0 and Shader Model 4.0]], retrieved February 10, 2013</ref> Shader Model 4.0 and OpenGL 1.5.<ref name="X3100 supports DirectX 10.0 and Unified Shader Model 4.0" /><ref name="Intel_82GM965_GL_Compatibility">Intel, [http://www.intel.com/support/graphics/sb/cs-010479.htm Intel 82GM965 OpenGL compatibility], retrieved January 16, 2010 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100324123414/http://www.intel.com/support/graphics/sb/cs-010479.htm |date=March 24, 2010 }}</ref> Under Linux, OpenGL 2.1 is supported.
 
===== GMA 4500 =====
Integrated graphics found on B43, [[G35 (chipset)|Q43 and Q45 chipsets]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Smith |first=Tony |url=http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2008/03/07/intel_talks_up_gma_x4500_hd/ |title=Intel talks up 'Eaglelake' DX10 chipset GPU tech &#124;{{pipe}} Register Hardware |publisher=Reghardware.co.uk |date=2008-03-07 |access-date=2009-09-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090103024611/http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2008/03/07/intel_talks_up_gma_x4500_hd/ |archive-date=2009-01-03 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=autogenerated3 /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.intel.com/products/desktop/chipsets/q43/q43-overview.htm |title=Intel Q43 Express Chipset&nbsp;— Overview |publisher=Intel.com |access-date=2009-09-17}}</ref>
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Model number !! Year !! Tier !! Execution units !! Boost Clock (MHz) !! max GFLOPS
|-
| GMA 4500 || 2008|| ?|| 10|| 533||
|}
 
===== GMA X4500 =====
The '''GMA X4500''' and the '''GMA X4500HD''' for desktop platforms<ref name=autogenerated6>{{cite web|url=http://www.intel.com/products/desktop/chipsets/g45/g45-overview.htm |title=Intel G45 Express Chipset&nbsp;— Overview |publisher=Intel.com |access-date=2009-09-17}}</ref> were launched in June 2008.<ref name=autogenerated2>{{cite web |last=Smith |first=Tony |url=http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2008/06/04/intel_launches_g45_g43_chipsets/ |title=Intel touts G45 chipset's full Blu-ray support&#124;{{pipe}}Register Hardware |publisher=Reghardware.co.uk |date=2008-06-04 |access-date=2009-09-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091018070745/http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2008/06/04/intel_launches_g45_g43_chipsets/ |archive-date=2009-10-18 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The GMA X4500 is used in [[G35 (chipset)|G43 chipset]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.intel.com/products/desktop/chipsets/g43/g43-overview.htm |title=Intel G43 Express Chipset&nbsp;— Overview |publisher=Intel.com |date=2009-07-17 |access-date=2009-09-17}}</ref> and the GMA X4500HD is used in the [[G35 (chipset)|G45 chipset]].<ref name=autogenerated6 /> The GMA X4500 is also used in the [[G35 (chipset)|G41 chipset]],<ref name=autogenerated3>{{cite web |url=http://softwarecommunity.intel.com/articles/eng/1488.htm |title=Quick Reference Guide to Intel Integrated Graphics |publisher=Softwarecommunity.intel.com |access-date=2009-09-17 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080914185333/http://softwarecommunity.intel.com/articles/eng/1488.htm |archive-date=2008-09-14 }}</ref> which was released in September 2008.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fudzilla.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=8323&Itemid=34 |title=Intel G41 aims for Q4 2008 |publisher=Fudzilla |date=2008-07-08 |access-date=2009-09-17| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080731170252/http://www.fudzilla.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=8323&Itemid=34| archive-date = July 31, 2008}}</ref>
 
The difference between the GMA X4500 and the GMA X4500HD is that the GMA X4500HD is capable of ''"full [[1080p]] high-definition video playback, including [[Blu-ray]] disc movies"'',.<ref name=autogenerated6/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.anandtech.com/show/2541 |title=Intel Launches Low-Power 65nm 4 Series Chipsets for the Desktop |publisher=AnandTech |date=2008-06-05 |access-date=2009-09-17}}</ref> Only GMA X4500HD, X4500MHD and X4700MHD has [[Advanced Video Coding|AVC]] HD decoding support.
 
Like the X3500, X4500 supports DirectX 10 and Shader Model 4.0 features. Intel designed the GMA X4500 to be 200% faster than the GMA 3100 ([[G35 (chipset)|G33 chipset]]) in 3DMark06 performance<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fudzilla.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=3828&Itemid=1|title=G45 IGP runs 3Dmark06 3X faster|access-date=2007-12-10| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071126144045/http://www.fudzilla.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=3828&Itemid=1| archive-date = November 26, 2007}}</ref> and 70% faster than the GMA X3500 ([[G35 (chipset)|G35 chipset]]).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://vr-zone.com/articles/intel-gma-x4500hd-x4500-4500-info/5505.html |title=Intel GMA X4500HD, X4500 & 4500 Info |publisher=VR-Zone |date=2008-01-16 |access-date=2013-06-20}}</ref>
Line 120 ⟶ 112:
|}
 
===== GMA 4500MHD =====
The '''GMA 4500MHD''' for laptops was launched on July 16, 2008. Featurewise, the 4500MHD is identical to its desktop cousin, the X4500HD.{{Citation needed|date=July 2008}} The GMA 4500MHD is used in theGM45 GL40chipsets, GS40, GM45 and GS45 chipsets.'''cantiga'''
 
===== GMA X4700MHD =====
The '''GMA X4700MHD''' for laptops was launched in October 2008. It is the last product of '''Intel GMA'''. In a way, it belongs to the 4500MHD series, and it is used in the GM47 chipsets, '''Montevina'''.
 
It features 80 shading units, 10 [[texture mapping unit]]s, and 1 ROPs. Compared to the 4500MHD, the frequency is increased to 640&nbsp;MHz.
 
=== PowerVR GPU basedseries ===
Intel developed a new set of low power graphics architecture based on [[PowerVR]].
 
The available Linux drivers do not support much of this.<ref name="Poulsbo - ArchWiki">{{Cite web|url=https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Poulsbo|title=ArchWiki:Archive - ArchWiki|website=wiki.archlinux.org}}</ref>
 
==== PowerVR SGX 535 based ====
 
===== GMA 500 =====
The Intel SCH (System Controller Hub; codenamed ''[[Poulsbo (chipset)|Poulsbo]]'') for the Atom processor Z5xx series features a GMA 500 graphic system. Rather than being developed in-house, this core is a [[PowerVR]] SGX 535 core licensed from Imagination Technologies.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.imgtec.com/News/Release/index.asp?NewsID=712|title=Imagination Technologies confirms new Intel Centrino Atom processor technology utilises POWERVR graphics and video technologies|access-date=2008-04-03|archive-date=2008-04-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080406184234/http://www.imgtec.com/News/Release/index.asp?NewsID=712|url-status=dead}}</ref>
 
Intel describes this as "a flexible, programmable architecture that supports shader-based technology, 2D, 3D and advanced 3D graphics, high-definition video decode, and image processing. Features include screen tiling, internal true color processing, zero overhead anti-aliasing, programmable shader 3D accelerator, and [[32-bit floating-point]] operations."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://download.intel.com/design/chipsets/embedded/prodbrf/319545.pdf|title=US15W Product Brief|access-date=2008-04-03|format=PDF}}</ref>
 
===== GMA =====
Intel launched the Atom Z24xx ([[Mobile Internet device#Medfield platform (2012)|Medfield]]) platform as a series of ultra-low power processors for smartphones. While Intel indicates that this chip contains an Intel Graphics Media Accelerator, they do not specify a GPU model number.<ref>{{cite web |title=Intel Atom Processor Z2460 Product Brief |url=http://download.intel.com/newsroom/kits/ces/2012/pdfs/AtomprocessorZ2460.pdf |access-date=8 September 2019}}</ref> This GPU is known to be a [[List of Intel graphics processing units#PowerVR based|PowerVR SGX540]].
 
===== GMA 600 =====
A revised version of the previous Intel SCH (System Controller Hub) for the Atom Z6xx series CPU codenamed ''[[Lincroft (microprocessor)|Lincroft]]''. Essentially, this is the same graphic system as the GMA 500, but clocked at double the speed. (From 200&nbsp;MHz to 400&nbsp;MHz).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.notebookcheck.net/Intel-Graphics-Media-Accelerator-GMA-600.31181.0.html|title=Intel Graphics Media Accelerator (GMA) 600|access-date=2012-03-24}}</ref>
 
==== PowerVR SGX 545 based ====
 
===== GMA 3600 =====
This integrated graphics system was released in Intel Atom (Cedar Trail, 32&nbsp;nm) and based on [[PowerVR#Series 5|PowerVR SGX545]]. Unlike the original PowerVR solution, this model is clocked at 400&nbsp;MHz instead of 200&nbsp;MHz.<ref name="linuxtech1">{{cite web|url=http://www.linuxtech.net/reviews/intel_DN2800MT_cedarview_atom_power_draw.html |title=Reviews - Intel DN2800MT (CedarView Atom) power draw test |publisher=LinuxTECH.NET |date=2012-03-13 |access-date=2014-01-13}}</ref> It is specifically found in the Intel Atom N2600 processor<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ark.intel.com/products/58916 |title=ARK &#124;{{pipe}} Intel® Atom™Atom Processor N2600 (1M Cache, 1.6 GHz) |publisher=Ark.intel.com |access-date=2014-01-13}}</ref> and Atom D2500<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ark.intel.com/products/59682 |title=ARK &#124;{{pipe}} Intel® Atom™Atom Processor D2500 (1M Cache, 1.86 GHz) |publisher=Ark.intel.com |access-date=2014-01-13}}</ref> models. It supports DirectX version 9.0c.
 
===== GMA 3650 =====
Similar to the GMA 3600, but this version is clocked at 640&nbsp;MHz.<ref name="linuxtech1"/> It is found in Atom N2800, Atom D2550, Atom D2500, Atom D2600 and Atom D2700 models. It supports DirectX version 9.0c.
 
Line 158 ⟶ 150:
 
== Protected Audio Video Path ==
Protected Audio Video Path (PAVP) restricts the data path within a computer during video playback (e.g., Blu-ray discs). It is supported by newer [[chipsets]] (e.g. [[Intel chipset#Core 2 chipsets|Intel G45]]) and operating systems (since [[Windows Vista]]).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.intel.com/support/graphics/sb/CS-029871.htm|title=Frequently Asked Questions for Blu-ray Disk Playback with Intel®...|website=Intel}}</ref>
 
PAVP can be configured in the [[BIOS]]. Different modes are supported:
Line 181 ⟶ 173:
Apple removed the 64-bit GMA X3100 drivers later, and thus affected Macs were forced back to the 32-bit kernel despite being 64-bit clean in terms of hardware and firmware. No 64-bit drivers were offered in OS X Lion. Subsequently, OS X Mountain Lion dropped 32-bit kernel booting. The combination of these two changes in graphics driver code resulted in many Mac revisions being unable to upgrade to Mountain Lion, as their GPUs cannot be replaced.
 
For a while MacBook and MacBook Pro notebooks instead shipped with a far more powerful<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tomshardware.com/reviews/nvidia-ion-atom,2153-6.html |title=Nvidia's Ion: Lending Atom Some Wings&nbsp;— Tom's Hardware |date=6 February 2009 |publisher=Tomshardware.com |access-date=2009-09-17}}</ref> NVIDIA GeForce 9400M,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nvidia.com/object/product_geforce_9400m_g_us.html |title=GeForce 9400M motherboard GPU |publisher=Nvidia.com |access-date=2009-09-17}}</ref> and the 15" and 17" MacBook Pro notebooks shipped with an additional GeForce 9600GT supporting hybrid power to switch between GPUs. The NVIDIA GeForce 9400M chipset implemented in Apple MacBooks did not support composite or S-video output.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://support.apple.com/kb/HT3413|title=MacBook: Mini-DVI to video adapter compatibility - Apple Support}}</ref>
 
=== FreeBSD ===
Line 188 ⟶ 180:
=== Linux ===
{{See also|Free and open-source device drivers: graphics#Intel}}
In August 2006, Intel added support to the open-source [[X.Org Server|X.Org]]/[[XFree86]] drivers for the latest 965 series that include the GMA (X)3000 core.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.intellinuxgraphics.org|title=Intel &#124;{{pipe}} Data Center Solutions, IoT, and PC Innovation|website=Intel}}</ref> These drivers were developed for Intel by Tungsten Graphics.
 
In May 2007, version 2.0 of the driver (xorg-video-intel) was released, which added support for the 965GM chipset. In addition, the 2.0 driver added native video mode programming support for all chipsets from i830 forward. This version added support for automatic video mode detection and selection, monitor hot plug, dynamic extended and merged desktops and per-monitor screen rotation. These features are built into the X.Org 7.3 X server release and will eventually be supported across most of the open source X.Org video drivers.<ref>{{cite web |author=Cook |url= https://lwn.net/Articles/233868/ |title=Free software drivers for the Intel 965GM Express Chipset |publisher=Lwn.net |date=2007-05-10 |access-date=2009-09-17}}</ref> Version 2.1, released in July 2007, added support for the G33, Q33 and Q35 chipsets.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/xorg-announce/2007-July/000318.html|title=X.Org mailing list: xf86-video-intel 2.1.0|author=Eric Anholt|access-date=2007-07-09}}</ref> G35 is also supported by the Linux driver.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://intellinuxgraphics.org/documentation.html|title=Driver Documentation|access-date=2008-02-01|archive-date=2006-08-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060814222903/http://intellinuxgraphics.org/documentation.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
 
As is common for X.Org drivers on Linux, the license is a combination of [[GNU General Public License|GPL]] (for the Linux kernel parts) and [[MIT License|MIT]] (for all other parts).<ref>{{cite web |author=Linux Graphics Drivers from Intel |url=http://intellinuxgraphics.org/license.html |title=Open Source Graphics Drivers from Intel&nbsp;— Licence |publisher=Intellinuxgraphics.org |access-date=2009-09-17 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100227095740/http://intellinuxgraphics.org/license.html |archive-date=2010-02-27 }}</ref>
Line 208 ⟶ 200:
|publisher=[[Phoronix]] Media
|access-date=2009-11-11}}</ref>
In May 2009, Intel employee EricEmma Anholt stated Intel was "still working on getting docs for [8xx] chipsets out."<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://anholt.livejournal.com/41132.html
|author=EricEmma Anholt
|title=I fixed 8xx 3D rendering
|date=May 29, 2009
Line 221 ⟶ 213:
==== H.264 acceleration via VA-API ====
{{Main article|Video Acceleration API}}
Linux support for hardware accelerated H.264 playback is available and working for X4500HD and X4500MHD using VAAPI and the g45-h264 branch.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.emmolution.org/?p=192 |title=Intel G45 with VA API on Ubuntu 11.10 « |publisher=Emmolution.org |date=2012-02-16 |access-date=2014-01-13}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://01.org/linuxgraphics|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120620155937/http://intellinuxgraphics.org/h264.html|url-status=dead|title=Intel® Graphics for Linux*|date=December 22, 2011|archivedate=June 20, 2012|website=01.org}}</ref>
 
==== PowerVR based chips on Linux ====
Line 230 ⟶ 222:
[[Joli OS]], a Linux-based OS optimized for netbooks, has a driver for the GMA500 built in.
 
PixieLive, a GNU/Linux live distribution optimized for GMA500 netbooks, it can boot from USB Pendrive, SD Card or HardDisk.
 
Intel releases official Linux drivers through the IEGD (Intel Embedded Graphic Driver) supporting some Linux distributions dedicated to the embedded market.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/design/resource-design-center.html|title=Resource & Design Center for Development with Intel|website=Intel}}</ref>
Line 254 ⟶ 246:
The GMA 900 is theoretically capable of running Windows Vista's (and 7's) [[Windows Aero|Aero]] interface and is certified as DirectX 9 compliant. However, no WHQL certified WDDM driver has been made available. Presumably this is due to the lack of a "hardware scheduler" in the GPU.<ref>[http://forum.beyond3d.com/showthread.php?t=35048 Intel excuse for no GMA900 WDDM driver: no "HW Scheduler" no driver], Beyond3D, October 26, 2006.</ref> The Intel GMA 900 is also the first Intel integrated GPU not to have support or drivers for [[Windows 9x]] operating systems (including [[Windows 98|98]] and [[Windows ME|ME]]).
 
Many owners of GMA900 hardware believed they would be able to run Aero on their systems as early release candidates of Vista permitted XDDM drivers to run Aero. Intel, however, contends that Microsoft's final specs for Aero/WDDM certification did not permit releasing a WDDM driver for GMA900 (due to issues with the hardware scheduler, as mentioned above), so when the final version of Vista was released, no WDDM driver was released.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://softwarecommunity.intel.com/isn/Community/en-US/forums/30233994/ShowThread.aspx#30233994 |title=Intel’sIntel's response to 915G WDDM requests |publisher=Softwarecommunity.intel.com |access-date=2009-09-17 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080629013402/http://softwarecommunity.intel.com/isn/Community/en-US/forums/30233994/ShowThread.aspx#30233994 |archive-date=2008-06-29 }}</ref> The last minute pulling of OpenGL capabilities from the GMA drivers for Windows Vista left a large number of GMA based workstations unable to perform basic 3D hardware acceleration with OpenGL and unable to run many Vista Premium applications such as [[Windows DVD Maker]].
 
In Windows 8, Aero effects are enabled with VGA compatibility driver via software rendering. There are no native GMA900 drivers available for Windows 8 since XDDM support is removed from this operating system.
Line 262 ⟶ 254:
This IGP is capable of displaying the [[Windows Aero|Aero]] interface for [[Windows Vista]]. Drivers are shipped with Windows Vista since beta versions became available in mid-2006. It can also run [[Windows 7]]'s Aero interface since Intel released drivers for Windows 7 in mid-June 2009.
 
The GMA 950 is integrated into many [[netbook]]s built on Intel 945GSE Express chipset, and is able to display a resolution up to 2048&times;15362048×1536 at 75&nbsp;Hz utilizing up to 224 MB of shared memory.<ref>[http://www.intel.com/products/chipsets/gma950/index.htm GMA950specs] on Intel</ref>
 
Most of the reviews about this IGP were negative, since many games (such as ''[[Splinter Cell: Chaos Theory]]'' or ''[[The Elder Scrolls IV: Oblivion|Oblivion]]'') need Pixel Shader 2.0 or higher, that is supported in hardware, and Vertex Shader 2.0, that is software-emulated. Other games such as ''[[Crysis]]'' will start, but with frame rates below acceptable.
 
==== GMA X3000/X3100 on Windows ====
T&L and Vertex Shaders 3.0 are supported by Intel's newest 15.6 drivers for Windows Vista as of September 2, 2007. XP support for VS3 and T&L was introduced on August 10, 2007. Intel announced in March 2007 that beta drivers would be available in June 2007.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/homepage.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070430032718/http://www.intel.com/support/graphics/intelg965/sb/CS-025665.htm|url-status=dead|title=Intel &#124;{{pipe}} Data Center Solutions, IoT, and PC Innovation|archivedate=April 30, 2007|website=Intel}}</ref><ref>[http://softwarecommunity.intel.com/isn/Community/en-US/forums/thread/30229561.aspx G965 drivers Forum Discussion] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070514054206/http://softwarecommunity.intel.com/isn/Community/en-US/forums/thread/30229561.aspx |date=May 14, 2007 }}</ref>
On June 1, 2007 "pre-beta" (or Early Beta) drivers were released for Windows XP (but not for Vista).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://downloadcenter.intel.com/Detail_Desc.aspx?agr=Y&Inst=Yes&ProductID=2576&DwnldID=13515&strOSs=All&OSFullName=All%20Operating%20Systems&lang=eng |title=Pre-Beta XP Drivers |access-date=2007-06-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110807180307/http://downloadcenter.intel.com/Detail_Desc.aspx?agr=Y&Inst=Yes&ProductID=2576&DwnldID=13515&strOSs=All&OSFullName=All%20Operating%20Systems&lang=eng |archive-date=2011-08-07 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Beta drivers for Vista and XP were released on June 19.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://downloadcenter.intel.com/Detail_Desc.aspx?agr=Y&Inst=Yes&ProductID=2800&DwnldID=13638&strOSs=44&OSFullName=Windows*%20XP%20Professional&lang=eng |title=Mobile Intel 965 Express Chipset Family Intel Graphics Media Accelerator Beta Driver for Windows* XP (zip)<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=2007-07-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080107015555/http://downloadcenter.intel.com/Detail_Desc.aspx?agr=Y&Inst=Yes&ProductID=2800&DwnldID=13638&strOSs=44&OSFullName=Windows*%20XP%20Professional&lang=eng |archive-date=2008-01-07 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Since hardware T&L and vertex shading has been enabled in drivers individual applications can be forced to fall back to software rendering,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.intel.com/assets/pdf/whitepaper/318888.pdf |title=Vertex Processing Selection Capability White Paper for Intel G965, G35, and GM965 Express Chipsets |format=PDF |access-date=2009-09-17}}</ref> which raises performance and compatibility in certain cases. Selection is based on testing by Intel and preselected in the driver .inf file.
 
Intel has released production version drivers for [https://web.archive.org/web/20070514040700/http://downloadfinder.intel.com/scripts-df-external/Detail_Desc.aspx?agr=N&ProductID=2576&DwnldID=12415&strOSs=163&OSFullName=Windows%20Vista*&lang=eng 32-bit] and [https://web.archive.org/web/20070514040634/http://downloadfinder.intel.com/scripts-df-external/Detail_Desc.aspx?agr=N&ProductID=2576&DwnldID=12417&strOSs=150&OSFullName=Windows%20Vista*%2064&lang=eng 64-bit] [[Windows Vista]] that enable the [[Windows Aero|Aero]] graphics.
Line 286 ⟶ 278:
 
== Modern gaming ==
The performance and functionality of GMA processors are limited, attaining the performance of only low-cost discrete GPUs at best and very old [[DirectX 6]] GPUs (Such as the [[RIVA TNT2]]) at the worst. Thus, they're sometimes even dubbed "Graphics Media Decelerators" though the actual performance depended on the CPU as well as RAM amount and speed. For example, an [[Atom N450]] CPU and GMA 3150 will perform comparably to a 10 years older RIVA TNT2 PC with a Tualatin Pentium 3, even worse, the GPU was sometimes even underclocked, hindering the already poor performance even further.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.techpowerup.com/reviews/Intel/Core_i5_2500K_GPU/10.html |title=Intel Core i5-2500K Sandy Bridge GPU Performance Review |publisher=techPowerUp |date=2011-01-02 |access-date=2014-01-13}}</ref> Some features of games and other 3D applications may be unsupported by GMAs, particularly older ones. The GMA X3x00's unified shader design allows for more complete hardware functionality, but the line still has issues with some games and has significantly limited performance.<ref>Waldock, Leo. [http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/12/05/review_asus_p5e_vm_hdmi/ Asus P5E-VM HDMI motherboard] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071217091923/http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/12/05/review_asus_p5e_vm_hdmi/ |date=2007-12-17 }}, Register Hardware, December 5, 2007.</ref>
 
Intel has put up a page with 'Known Issues & Solutions' for each version.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.intel.com/support/graphics/ |title=Intel Graphics home page |publisher=Intel.com |access-date=2009-09-17}}</ref> For Intel Graphics Media Accelerator Software Development concerns, there is the Integrated Graphics Software Development Forum.<ref>[http://softwareforums.intel.com/ISN/Community/en-US/Forums/ Intel Software Network Forums] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070106010305/http://softwareforums.intel.com/isn/Community/en-US/Forums/ |date=2007-01-06 }}</ref>
Line 293 ⟶ 285:
 
=== GMA X3000 review ===
A review conducted in April 2007 by [[The Tech Report]] determined that the GMA X3000 had performance comparable to the [[Comparison of Nvidia graphics processing units#GeForce 6 series|Nvidia GeForce 6150]].<ref name=autogenerated5>{{cite web|url=http://techreport.com/articles.x/12195/17 |title=Intel's G965 Express chipset&nbsp;— The Tech Report&nbsp;— Page 17 |date=6 April 2007 |publisher=The Tech Report |access-date=2009-09-17}}</ref> During that review the GMA X3000 was unable to run the [[PC games]] ''[[Battlefield 2]]'' and ''[[The Elder Scrolls IV: Oblivion|Oblivion]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://techreport.com/articles.x/12195/9 |title=Intel's G965 Express chipset&nbsp;— The Tech Report&nbsp;— Page 9 |date=6 April 2007 |publisher=The Tech Report |access-date=2009-09-17}}</ref> However, the [[ExtremeTech]] review found that games which aren't as graphically demanding, such as ''[[The Sims 2]]'' and ''[[Civilization IV]]'', "look good" when the GMA X3000 is used to run them.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.extremetech.com/article2/0,2845,2121192,00.asp |title=Intel G965 with GMA X3000 Integrated Graphics&nbsp;— Media Encoding and Game Benchmarks&nbsp;— CPUs, Boards & Components by ExtremeTech |publisher=Extremetech.com |access-date=2009-09-17 |archive-date=2010-09-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100927110618/http://www.extremetech.com/article2/0,2845,2121192,00.asp |url-status=dead }}</ref>
 
Reviews performed by The Tech Report, by ExtremeTech and by [[Anandtech]] all concluded that the [[AMD]]'s [[AMD 690G#690G|Radeon X1250]] [[Integrated graphics#Integrated graphics solutions|integrated graphics solutions]] based on the [[AMD 690G]] chipset was a better choice than the GMA X3000 based on the G965 chipset, especially when considering 3D gaming performance and price.<ref name=autogenerated5 /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.extremetech.com/article2/0,2845,2121212,00.asp |title=Intel G965 with GMA X3000 Integrated Graphics&nbsp;— Final Thoughts: What to Buy&nbsp;— CPUs, Boards & Components by ExtremeTech |publisher=Extremetech.com |access-date=2009-09-17}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.anandtech.com/cpuchipsets/showdoc.aspx?i=2942&p=11 |title=AMD 690G: Performance Review |publisher=AnandTech |date=2007-03-06 |access-date=2009-09-17}}</ref>
 
=== GMA X3500 review ===
In a review performed by Register Hardware in December 2007,<ref name=autogenerated1 /> author Leo Waldock argued that because the GMA X3500 is not capable of running any PC game that requires [[DirectX 10]], the addition of DirectX 10 support to the GMA X3500 was "irrelevant".<ref name=autogenerated4>{{cite web|last=Waldock |first=Leo |url=http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/12/05/review_asus_p5e_vm_hdmi/page4.html |title=Asus P5E-VM HDMI motherboard &#124;{{pipe}} Register Hardware |publisher=Reghardware.co.uk |date=2007-12-05 |access-date=2009-09-17}}</ref> During that same review, the GMA X3500 was used to run ''[[Crysis]]'' and ''[[F.E.A.R. Extraction Point]]'', where it was able to render only 4 and 14 [[frame rate|frames per second]] respectively for each game.<ref>{{cite web|last=Waldock |first=Leo |url=http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/12/05/review_asus_p5e_vm_hdmi/page3.html |title=Asus P5E-VM HDMI motherboard &#124;{{pipe}} Register Hardware |publisher=Reghardware.co.uk |date=2007-12-05 |access-date=2009-09-17}}</ref> In the end the review concluded that overall the X3500 made "minimal advances" over the GMA X3000.<ref name=autogenerated4 />
 
=== GMA X4500 review ===
Line 331 ⟶ 323:
[[Category:Graphics processing units]]
[[Category:Graphics hardware]]
[[Category:VideoGraphics cards]]
[[Category:Graphics microarchitectures]]
[[Category:Intel microarchitectures]]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_GMA"