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{{short description|Regularly scheduled published work}}
{{Redirect|Periodical||Periodicity (disambiguation)}}
{{Lead too short|date=August 2019}}
[[File:PLoS Biology cover April 2009.svg|thumb|The cover of an issue of the [[open-access journal]] ''[[PLOS Biology]]'', published monthly by the [[Public Library of Science]]]]
A '''periodical literature''' (also called a '''periodical publication''' or simply a '''periodical''') is a [[Publication|published work]] that appears in a new edition on a regular schedule. The most familiar example is a [[newspaper]], but a [[magazine]] or a [[Academic journal|journal]] are also examples of periodicals. These publications cover a wide variety of topics, from academic, technical, trade, and general interest to [[leisure]] and [[entertainment]].
'''Periodical literature''' (also called a '''periodical publication''' or simply a '''periodical''') is a category of [[Serial (publishing)|serial]] [[published|publications]] that appear in a new edition on a regular schedule.<ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=http://www.abc-clio.com/ODLIS/odlis_P.aspx?#periodical |title=Periodical |work=ODLIS — Online Dictionary for Library and Information Science |publisher=ABC-Clio |access-date=2012-08-06}}</ref> The most familiar example is the [[magazine]], typically published weekly, monthly, or quarterly. Other examples of periodicals are [[newsletter]]s, [[academic journal]]s and [[yearbook]]s.<ref name=":0" /> [[Newspaper]]s, often published daily or weekly, are, strictly speaking, a separate category of serial.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.abc-clio.com/ODLIS/odlis_N.aspx?#newspaper |title=Newspaper |work=ODLIS — Online Dictionary for Library and Information Science |publisher=ABC-Clio |access-date=2015-07-08}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite web|url=http://www.abc-clio.com/ODLIS/odlis_S.aspx?#serial |title=Serial |work=ODLIS — Online Dictionary for Library and Information Science |publisher=ABC-Clio |date=2006-11-12 |access-date=2012-08-06}}</ref>. Periodicals are most often referenced by [[Volume (bibliography)|volume]]
 
and [[Issue (periodicals)|Issue]]. Periodicals have a set [[frequency|period]] and can be classified as popular and scholarly. Indefinite periodicals have an indefinite production cycle and have no plans to stop publishing. Periodicals use the [[International Standard Serial Number|International Standard Serial Numbers]] a standardized reference number. Periodicals often have a preferred and lower for postal distribution.
[[Article (publishing)|Article]]s within a periodical are usually organized around a single main subject or theme and include a title, date of publication, author(s), and brief summary of the article. A periodical typically contains an editorial section that comments on subjects of interest to its readers. Other common features are reviews of recently published books and films, columns that express the authors' opinions about various topics, and advertisements.
 
A periodical is a serial publication. A [[book series]] is also a serial publication, but is not typically called a periodical. An [[encyclopedia]] or [[dictionary]] is also a book, and might be called a serial publication if it is published in many different editions over time.
 
=={{anchor|Issue|Number|Dummy|Zero|First|Premiere|Charter|Final}}Volumes and issues==
Periodicals are typically published and referenced by [[Volume (bibliography)|volume]] and issue (also known as issue number or number). ''Volume'' typically refers to the number of years the publication has been circulated, and ''issue'' refers to how many times that periodical has been published during that year. For example, the April 2011 publication of a monthly magazine first published in 2002 would be listed as, "volume 10, issue 4". [[Roman numerals]] are sometimes used in reference to the volume number.<ref name=":0">{{cite web |title=Periodical |url=http://www.abc-clio.com/ODLIS/odlis_P.aspx?#periodical |access-date=2012-08-06 |work=ODLIS — Online Dictionary for Library and Information Science |publisher=ABC-Clio}}</ref>
 
When [[Citation|citing]] a work in a periodical, there are standardized formats such as ''[[The Chicago Manual of Style]]''. In the latest edition of this style, a work with volume number 17 and issue number 3 may be written as follows:
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=== Frequency ===
Periodicals are often characterized by their [[frequency|period]] (or [[frequency]]) of publication.<ref>{{cite web |title=Frequency of Publication codes |url=https://www.libraries.rutgers.edu/rul/staff/dts/holdings_rec_mgt/irism_freqcode.html |website=www.libraries.rutgers.edu}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Frequencies |url=http://www.oclc.org/support/help/olib/906/Content/Serials/Frequencies.htm |website=www.oclc.org}}</ref> This information often helps librarianlibrarians make decisions about whether or not to include certain periodicals in their collection.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Dickinson |first1=Kelly |last2=Boyd |first2=Bryanna |last3=Gunningham |first3=Regan |title=Reference Analysis as an Aid in Collection Development: A Study of Master of Architecture Theses at Dalhousie University |journal=Dalhousie Journal of Interdisciplinary Management |date=29 November 2010 |volume=5 |issue=1 |doi=10.5931/djim.v5i1.48 |doi-access=free}}</ref> It also helps scholars decide which journal to submit their paper to.<ref>{{cite book |chapter=Where to submit your manuscript |title=How to Write and Publish a Scientific Paper |date=7 June 2012 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=9781107670747 |edition=7th |page=33}}</ref>
{|class=wikitable
!Period !! Meaning !! Frequency
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Periodicals are often classified as either popular or scholarly. Popular periodicals are usually magazines (e.g., ''[[Ebony (magazine)|Ebony]]'' and ''[[Esquire (magazine)|Esquire]]''). [[academic journal|Scholarly journal]]s are most commonly found in libraries and databases. Examples are ''[[The Journal of Psychology]]'' and the ''[[Journal of Social Work]]''.
 
[[Trade magazine]]s are also examples of periodicals. They are written for an audience of professionals in the world. As of the early 1990s, there were over 6,000 academic, business, scientific, technical, and trade publications in the United States alone.<ref>{{cite book |firstfirst1=Gary |lastlast1= Blake |author1-link= Gary Blake |first2= Robert W. |last2= Bly |author2-link= Robert W. Bly |name-list-style= amp |title= The Elements of Technical Writing |page= 113. |location= New York |publisher= [[Macmillan Publishers (United States)|Macmillan Publishers]] |year= 1993 |isbn= 0020130856}}</ref>
 
==Indefinite vs. part-publication==
These examples are related to the idea of an indefinitely continuing cycle of production and publication: magazines plan to continue publishing, not to stop after a predetermined number of editions. ABy novelcontrast, ina contrast,novel might be published in monthly parts, a method revived after the success of ''[[The Pickwick Papers]]'' by [[Charles Dickens]].<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.bl.uk/collections/early/victorian/pu_novel.html |work= Aspects of the Victorian Book |title= The Novel |via= The British Library}}</ref> This approach is called '''part-publication''', particularly when each part is from a whole work, or a [[Serial (literature)|serial]], for example in [[comic book]]s. It flourished during the nineteenth century, for example with [[Abraham John Valpy]]'s ''Delphin Classics'', and was not restricted to [[fiction]].<ref>{{cite book |first1= Simon |last1= Eliot |first2= Jonathan |last2= Rose |name-list-style=amp |title= A Companion to the History of the Book |url= https://archive.org/details/companiontohisto00elio |url-access= limited |year= 2007 |page= [https://archive.org/details/companiontohisto00elio/page/n314 297]|isbn= 9781405127653 }}{{full citation needed|date= February 2015}}</ref>
 
==Standard numbers==
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==See also==
* [[Partwork]]
* [[Part (bibliography)|Part]]
 
==References==
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<ref name="DrDobbs_1978_V3N2I22">{{cite magazine |title=Front matter |magazine=[[Dr. Dobb's Journal of Computer Calisthenics & Orthodontia]] |publisher=[[People's Computer Company]] |id=#22<!-- absolute number --> |volume=3 |issue=2<!-- relative number --> |date=February 1978 |isbn=0-8104-5490-4 |url=https://archive.org/details/dr_dobbs_journal_vol_03/dr_dobbs_journal_vol_03 |access-date=2020-02-10 }} [https://archive.org/stream/dr_dobbs_journal_vol_03/dr_dobbs_journal_vol_03_djvu.txt][https://archive.org/download/dr_dobbs_journal_vol_03/dr_dobbs_journal_vol_03.pdf]</ref>
<ref name="PC_1982_V1N1">{{cite magazine |title=PC: The Independent Guide To IBM Computers |magazine=[[PC (magazine)|PC]] |issn=<!-- not assigned at this time, but already applied for --> |volume=1 |number=1 |id=Premiere/Charter issue |publisher=[[Software Communications, Inc.]] |date=February–March 1982 |pages=front matter, 9 |url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_w_OhaFDePS4C |access-date=2020-02-10 }} [https://archive.org/stream/bub_gb_w_OhaFDePS4C/bub_gb_w_OhaFDePS4C_djvu.txt][https://archive.org/download/bub_gb_w_OhaFDePS4C/bub_gb_w_OhaFDePS4C.pdf]</ref>
<ref name="Thompson_1990_N53">{{cite magazine |editor-last=Thompson |editor-first=David J. |title=Micro Cornucopia - The Micro Technical Journal |series=Around the bend |magazine=[[Micro Cornucopia]] |publisher=[[Micro Cornucopia Inc.]] |issn=0747-587X |date=May 1990 |issue=53 |publication-place=Bend, Oregon, USAUS |pages=front matter |url=http://bitsavers.trailing-edge.com/pdf/microCornucopia/Micro_Cornucopia_%2353_May90.pdf |access-date=2020-02-11 |url-status=live |archive-date=2020-02-11}} [https://archive.org/details/bitsavers_microCornua53May90_14950662][https://archive.org/stream/bitsavers_microCornua53May90_14950662/Micro_Cornucopia_53_May90_djvu.txt][https://archive.org/download/bitsavers_microCornua53May90_14950662/Micro_Cornucopia_53_May90.pdf]</ref>
}}
 
== External links ==
{{EB1911 Poster|Periodicals}}<br />

{{Authority control}}
 
{{DEFAULTSORT:Periodical Literature}}
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