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{{Short description|1962 military rebellion in Venezuela}}
{{Infobox military conflict
| conflict = El Porteñazo
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| partof =
| date = 2–6 June 1962
| place =
| result = Government victory
| combatants_header = Government-Insurgents
| combatant2 = {{nowrap|{{flagicon|Venezuela|1954}} Military rebels}}
| combatant1 = {{nowrap|{{flagicon|Venezuela|1954}} [[Government of Venezuela|Venezuelan government]]}}
| milstrength1 = [[Armed Forces of Venezuela]]
| milstrength2 = Rebel forces
| polstrength1 =
| polstrength2 =
| commander2 = {{flagicon|Venezuela|1954}} Manuel Ponte Rodríguez<br /> {{flagicon|Venezuela|1954}} Pedro Medina Silva<br /> {{flagicon|Venezuela|1954}} Víctor Hugo Morales
| commander1 = {{flagicon|Venezuela|1954}} [[Rómulo Betancourt]]<br />{{flagicon|Venezuela|1954}} Alfredo Monch<br /> {{flagicon|Venezuela|1954}} Ricardo Sosa Rios
| casualties3 =
}}
'''El Porteñazo''' (2 June 1962 – 6 June 1962) was a short-lived Communist<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |last=Azzellini |first=Dario |editor-last=Ness |editor-first=Immanuel |editor-link=Immanuel Ness |encyclopedia=The International Encyclopedia of Revolution and Protest. 1500 to the Present. |title=Venezuela, Military Uprisings, 1960-1962 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/338701255_Venezuela_Military_Uprisings_1960-1962 |format=pdf |date=April 2009 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. |doi=10.1002/9781405198073.wbierp1526 |accessdate=2023-06-06 }}</ref> military rebellion against the government of [[Rómulo Betancourt]] in [[Venezuela]], in which rebels attempted to take over the city of [[Puerto Cabello]], located ~{{convert|75|mi|km}} West of the capital [[Caracas]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://en.ultimasnoticias.com.ve/noticias/politica/plomazon-de-el-portenazo-retumba-60-anos-despues/ | title=Plomazón of El Porteñazo resounds 60 years later | language=en | publisher=Ultimas Noticias | first=Eduardo | last=Chapellin | date=2 June 2022 | accessdate=20 August 2022}}</ref> The rebellion was on a substantially larger scale than that of ''[[El Carupanazo]]'' a month earlier.
On 2 June 1962, units led by navy Captains Manuel Ponte Rodríguez, Pedro Medina Silva and Víctor Hugo Morales went into rebellion.<ref name=VT>{{
A photograph of chaplain Luis María Padilla holding a wounded soldier during the rebellion won the 1963 [[Pulitzer Prize for Photography]] and 1962 [[World Press Photo of the Year]] for Héctor Rondón of ''[[La República (Caracas)|''La República'']]''.<ref>{{
▲On 2 June 1962, units led by navy Captains Manuel Ponte Rodríguez, Pedro Medina Silva and Víctor Hugo Morales went into rebellion.<ref name=VT>{{es icon}} venezuelatuya.com, [http://www.venezuelatuya.com/historia/carupanazo_portenazo.htm El Carupanazo y El Porteñazo]</ref> The 55th National Guard Detachment declined to participate. The rebellion was crushed by the 3rd of June, leaving more than 400 dead and 700 injured, and by the 6th of June the rebels' stronghold of [[Solano Castle]] had fallen.<ref name=VT/>
▲A photograph of chaplain Luis María Padilla holding a wounded soldier during the rebellion won the 1963 [[Pulitzer Prize for Photography]] and 1962 [[World Press Photo of the Year]] for Héctor Rondón of ''[[La República (Caracas)|''La República'']]''.<ref>{{es icon}} ''[[Ultimas Noticias]]'', 5 June 2012, [http://www.ultimasnoticias.com.ve/la-propia-foto/del-archivo-de-la-cadena-capriles--el-portenazo.aspx?page=5 Del archivo de la Cadena Capriles: El Porteñazo], accessed 12 June 2012</ref><ref>The photo can be seen here: poyi.org, [http://archive.poyi.org/items/show/4731 Aid From the Padre]</ref>
== Testimonies ==
[[File:
Different stories retelling the event mourned Venezuela, taking the rebellion as an unjust and unnecessary act of war. Many reconciled what had happened according to their personal and political affiliations.
Alí Brett<ref>Alí Brett Martínez, writer and social communicator who investigated the events in Puerto Cabello. He witnessed what happened.</ref> wrote, according to his investigation:
{{
{{
{{
▲{{cita|Barely keeping up during the insurgency, the marines raised the Naval Base to guard the fort, whose inhabitants, by this day, Monday the 4th of June, were already dead. The presence of the executive officials and some military leaders clarified the mystery that had almost become the truth during the course of events, due to ill-founded stories.}}
He concludes his investigation by saying:
{{
<!--Don Enrique
▲Don Enrique Aristiguieta<ref>Doctor Enrique Aristiguieta Gramcko, testimonio histórico «La Guerra Psicológica» </ref> da su testimonio relatándolo así:
{{cita|Telefónicamente se le pidió ayuda a las Fuerzas Aéreas para reducir el Fortín Solano, donde los rebeldes estaban atrincherados con una ametralladora "Punto 50", la cual inexplicablemente no había sido utilizada para impedir la concentración de tropas en la Estación, pues tanto ésta como el ingreso a la ciudad están dominados por el Fortín, que se encuentra en una colina, al Sur. A las cinco y media, las unidades listas para el ataque, estaban en la Estación.}}
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==See also==
* [[Second Presidency of Rómulo Betancourt#Internal unrest]]
*[[El Barcelonazo]]
*[[El Carupanazo]]
==References==
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==Further reading==
* {{
* {{
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}}
{{Rómulo Betancourt}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Portenazo}}
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[[Category:Conflicts in 1962]]
[[Category:Rebellions in Venezuela]]
[[Category:
[[Category:June 1962 events]]▼
[[Category:Puerto Cabello]]
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