El Porteñazo: Difference between revisions

| place = {{Flag|[[Venezuela}}]]

| combatant2 = {{nowrap|{{flagicon|Venezuela|1954}} Military rebels}}

| combatant1 = {{nowrap|{{flagicon|Venezuela|1954}} [[Government of Venezuela|Venezuelan government]]}}

| commander2 = {{flagicon|Venezuela|1954}} Manuel Ponte Rodríguez<br /> {{flagicon|Venezuela|1954}} Pedro Medina Silva<br /> {{flagicon|Venezuela|1954}} Víctor Hugo Morales

| commander1 = {{flagicon|Venezuela|1954}} [[AlfredoRómulo MonchBetancourt]]<br />{{flagicon|Venezuela|1954}} Alfredo Monch<br /> {{flagicon|Venezuela|1954}} Ricardo Sosa Rios

| casualties3 = +400+ dead and 700 injured<ref name=VT/>

'''El Porteñazo''' (2 June 1962 – 6 June 1962) was a short-lived Communist<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |last=Azzellini |first=Dario |editor-last=Ness |editor-first=Immanuel |editor-link=Immanuel Ness |encyclopedia=The International Encyclopedia of Revolution and Protest. 1500 to the Present. |title=Venezuela, Military Uprisings, 1960-1962 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/338701255_Venezuela_Military_Uprisings_1960-1962 |format=pdf |date=April 2009 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. |doi=10.1002/9781405198073.wbierp1526 |accessdate=2023-06-06 }}</ref> military rebellion against the government of [[Rómulo Betancourt]] in [[Venezuela]], in which rebels attempted to take over the city of [[Puerto Cabello]], (located ~{{convert|75.83|mi|km}} fromWest of the capital) [[Caracas]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://en.ultimasnoticias.com.ve/noticias/politica/plomazon-de-el-portenazo-retumba-60-anos-despues/ | title=Plomazón of El Porteñazo resounds 60 years later | language=en | publisher=Ultimas Noticias | first=Eduardo | last=Chapellin | date=2 June 2022 | accessdate=20 August 2022}}</ref> The rebellion was on a substantially larger scale than that of ''[[El Carupanazo]]'' a month earlier.

On 2 June 1962, units led by navy Captains Manuel Ponte Rodríguez, Pedro Medina Silva and Víctor Hugo Morales went into rebellion.<ref name=VT>{{in lang|es}} venezuelatuya.com, [http://www.venezuelatuya.com/historia/carupanazo_portenazo.htm El Carupanazo y El Porteñazo]</ref> The 55th National Guard Detachment declined to participate. The rebellion was crushed by the 3rd of3 June, leaving more than 400 dead and 700 injured, and by the 6th of6 June the rebels' stronghold of [[Solano Castle]] had fallen.<ref name=VT/>

A photograph of chaplain Luis María Padilla holding a wounded soldier during the rebellion won the 1963 [[Pulitzer Prize for Photography]] and 1962 [[World Press Photo of the Year]] for Héctor Rondón of ''[[La República (Caracas)|''La República'']]''.<ref>{{in lang|es}} ''[[Ultimas Noticias]]'', 5 June 2012, [http://www.ultimasnoticias.com.ve/la-propia-foto/del-archivo-de-la-cadena-capriles--el-portenazo.aspx?page=5 Del archivo de la Cadena Capriles: El Porteñazo] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925132446/http://www.ultimasnoticias.com.ve/la-propia-foto/del-archivo-de-la-cadena-capriles--el-portenazo.aspx?page=5 |date=25 September 2015 }}, accessed 12 June 2012</ref><ref>The photo can be seen here: poyi.org, [http://archive.poyi.org/items/show/4731 Aid From the Padre]</ref><ref>Chapellin, Eduardo (2 de Junio de 2022). «Plomazón of El Porteñazo resounds 60 years later» (em inglês). Ultimas Noticias</ref>

[[File:Aid from the Padre.jpg|thumb|left|"Aid from the Padre", Héctor Rondón's prizePulitzer Prize-winning photograph of a priest providing comfort to a wounded soldier during the fighting]]

{{citablockquote|After 6am on Sunday the masonry of Solano Castle began receiving the impact of bombs. When the bombing began, we were in the neighbourhood "[[Las Tejerías]]" a few metres from the old fortress, which, for the first time in several centuries was a victim of an attack of this nature.}}

{{citablockquote|The fort was an enigma of the uprising and much was speculated about its power. All of the stories told of the advantages and strategic position of the "Black Burro" (a popular name for the antique cannon). People knowledgeable of this weapon know that if it was fired, even only once, Puerto Cabello would disappear.}}

{{citablockquote|That the fort could be used as a point of operations for the rebels signifies one of the many known military errors of the event; after the appearance of the airplane as an element of war, these strengths were of no strategic effect.}}