סקירה כללית של שירותים קשורים

class LocalService : Service() {
    // Binder given to clients.
    private val binder = LocalBinder()

    // Random number generator.
    private val mGenerator = Random()

    /** Method for clients.  */
    val randomNumber: Int
        get() = mGenerator.nextInt(100)

    /**
     * Class used for the client Binder. Because we know this service always
     * runs in the same process as its clients, we don't need to deal with IPC.
     */
    inner class LocalBinder : Binder() {
        // Return this instance of LocalService so clients can call public methods.
        fun getService(): LocalService = this@LocalService
    }

    override fun onBind(intent: Intent): IBinder {
        return binder
    }
}

public class LocalService extends Service {
    // Binder given to clients.
    private final IBinder binder = new LocalBinder();
    // Random number generator.
    private final Random mGenerator = new Random();

    /**
     * Class used for the client Binder.  Because we know this service always
     * runs in the same process as its clients, we don't need to deal with IPC.
     */
    public class LocalBinder extends Binder {
        LocalService getService() {
            // Return this instance of LocalService so clients can call public methods.
            return LocalService.this;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return binder;
    }

    /** Method for clients. */
    public int getRandomNumber() {
      return mGenerator.nextInt(100);
    }
}

class BindingActivity : Activity() {
    private var mService: LocalService? = null
    private var mBound: Boolean = false

    /** Defines callbacks for service binding, passed to bindService().  */
    private val connection = object : ServiceConnection {

        override fun onServiceConnected(className: ComponentName, service: IBinder) {
            // We've bound to LocalService, cast the IBinder and get LocalService instance.
            val binder = service as LocalService.LocalBinder
            mService = binder.getService()
            mBound = true
        }

        override fun onServiceDisconnected(arg0: ComponentName) {
            mService = null
            mBound = false
        }
    }

    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.main)
    }

    override fun onStart() {
        super.onStart()
        // Bind to LocalService.
        Intent(this, LocalService::class.java).also { intent ->
            bindService(intent, connection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE)
        }
    }

    override fun onStop() {
        super.onStop()
        unbindService(connection)
        // Release the reference so the service can be garbage-collected once it's
        // destroyed. onServiceDisconnected() isn't called when the client unbinds.
        mService = null
        mBound = false
    }

    /** Called when a button is clicked (the button in the layout file attaches to
     * this method with the android:onClick attribute).  */
    fun onButtonClick(v: View) {
        if (mBound) {
            // Call a method from the LocalService.
            // However, if this call is something that might hang, then put this request
            // in a separate thread to avoid slowing down the activity performance.
            val num: Int = mService?.randomNumber ?: return
            Toast.makeText(this, "number: $num", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
        }
    }
}

public class BindingActivity extends Activity {
    LocalService mService;
    boolean mBound = false;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onStart() {
        super.onStart();
        // Bind to LocalService.
        Intent intent = new Intent(this, LocalService.class);
        bindService(intent, connection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onStop() {
        super.onStop();
        unbindService(connection);
        // Release the reference so the service can be garbage-collected once it's
        // destroyed. onServiceDisconnected() isn't called when the client unbinds.
        mService = null;
        mBound = false;
    }

    /** Called when a button is clicked (the button in the layout file attaches to
      * this method with the android:onClick attribute). */
    public void onButtonClick(View v) {
        if (mBound) {
            // Call a method from the LocalService.
            // However, if this call is something that might hang, then put this request
            // in a separate thread to avoid slowing down the activity performance.
            int num = mService.getRandomNumber();
            Toast.makeText(this, "number: " + num, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }

    /** Defines callbacks for service binding, passed to bindService(). */
    private ServiceConnection connection = new ServiceConnection() {

        @Override
        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName className,
                IBinder service) {
            // We've bound to LocalService, cast the IBinder and get LocalService instance.
            LocalBinder binder = (LocalBinder) service;
            mService = binder.getService();
            mBound = true;
        }

        @Override
        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName arg0) {
            mService = null;
            mBound = false;
        }
    };
}

/** Command to the service to display a message.  */
private const val MSG_SAY_HELLO = 1

class MessengerService : Service() {

    /**
     * Target we publish for clients to send messages to IncomingHandler.
     */
    private lateinit var mMessenger: Messenger

    /**
     * Handler of incoming messages from clients.
     */
    internal class IncomingHandler(
            context: Context,
            private val applicationContext: Context = context.applicationContext
    ) : Handler() {
        override fun handleMessage(msg: Message) {
            when (msg.what) {
                MSG_SAY_HELLO ->
                    Toast.makeText(applicationContext, "hello!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
                else -> super.handleMessage(msg)
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * When binding to the service, we return an interface to our messenger
     * for sending messages to the service.
     */
    override fun onBind(intent: Intent): IBinder? {
        Toast.makeText(applicationContext, "binding", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
        mMessenger = Messenger(IncomingHandler(this))
        return mMessenger.binder
    }
}

public class MessengerService extends Service {
    /**
     * Command to the service to display a message.
     */
    static final int MSG_SAY_HELLO = 1;

    /**
     * Handler of incoming messages from clients.
     */
    static class IncomingHandler extends Handler {
        private Context applicationContext;

        IncomingHandler(Context context) {
            applicationContext = context.getApplicationContext();
        }

        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            switch (msg.what) {
                case MSG_SAY_HELLO:
                    Toast.makeText(applicationContext, "hello!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    break;
                default:
                    super.handleMessage(msg);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Target we publish for clients to send messages to IncomingHandler.
     */
    Messenger mMessenger;

    /**
     * When binding to the service, we return an interface to our messenger
     * for sending messages to the service.
     */
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "binding", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        mMessenger = new Messenger(new IncomingHandler(this));
        return mMessenger.getBinder();
    }
}