Hi! I'm using 4.8.17-hardened-r2, Core i7-2600K @ 4.5GHz, nvidia&virtualbox. Because of nvidia-drivers I had to switch off CONFIG_PAX_RAP. Because of virtualbox-modules I had to switch off CONFIG_PAX_RANDKSTACK and CONFIG_PAX_MEMORY_UDEREF. Because of both I can't use KERNEXEC method "or". All other options which increase security without noticeable performance penalty (like memory sanitize) are switched on. The question is, while I was expecting SOME slowdown because of enabled KERNEXEC with method "bts", I was surprised to see 35% slowdown - it this expected to be that high, or it is a problem with my configuration? The actual numbers for running make distclean && cp ../config.backup .config && time make -j8 second time after boot into single-user mode: - with KERNEXEC/bts: real 5m46.685s user 36m4.736s sys 3m26.478s - without KERNEXEC: real 4m17.914s user 27m52.945s sys 2m35.560s -- WBR, Alex.